New Year's Eve

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New Year's Eve
		The Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge illuminated under New Year's Eve Fireworks 2005
Also called	Hogmanay (Scotland), Silvester (Germany, Israel)
Observed by	people around the world
Type	International
Significance	the final day of the Gregorian year
Date	December 31, climaxing at midnight
Celebrations	Reflections, Late-Night Partying, Fireworks
Related to	New Year's Day and Christmas Day

New Year's Eve is December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year, and the day before New Year's Day.

New Year's Eve is a separate observance from the observance of New Year's Day. In 21st-century Western practice, the celebration involves partying until the moment of the transition of the year at midnight. Drinking champagne is also a major part of the festivities.

Within many cultures the use of fireworks and other noise making is a major part of the celebration in cities such as Berlin, New York City, Sydney, London, Paris, Rio de Janeiro, Toronto, Funchal, Prague and Tokyo.

New Year's Eve is a public non-working holiday in the following countries, among others: Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, New Zealand, the Philippines, and Venezuela.

Localized celebrations

Australia

Sydney (after Auckland, New Zealand) is the second major city to celebrate the New Year due to its time zone

With crowds of well over 1.2 million people, Sydney has arguably the second largest New Year celebrations worldwide, after Rio de Janeiro (which attracts over 2 million people on Copacabana Beach; New York and London both average crowds between 800,000 and 1,000,000) benefiting from the harbour city's warm summer weather and spectacular natural amphitheatre. New Zealand is the first country to welcome to the new year, as it lies between the Australian time zone and the International Date Line. Sydney is therefore the second major city in the world to celebrate the new year. Over 80,000 fireworks are traditionally set off from the Sydney Harbour Bridge and four other firing points covering 6 km along Sydney Harbour. The event can be seen from a 16 km radius around Sydney and attracts an average of 300,000 international tourists each year.

The Harbour of Lights Parade adds to the attraction as cruise boats covered in fairy lights cruise the centre of the harbour all night. These vessels have the prime position for the evening. Sydney has recently been acknowledged by numerous media sources as having the world's best New Year celebrations, topping the list of cities such as New York City, Edinburgh, Paris, and London.

In 2005, the New Year's Eve creators delivered their most spectacular fireworks yet: a gigantic heart with two rings around it, pulsing on the bridge. It had lights built behind it so it seemed to radiate. It was the first NYE to have the bridge effect revealed at the 21:00 fireworks. Up to 00:00, another ring was added every hour. The Heart of the Harbour was a pyrotechnical feat of amazement. The bridge continued the traditional "golden waterfall" which usually gushes off the side of the bridge but looked like it was rolling off it. The soundtrack which is made by the Sydney council, makes the fireworks be "moulded" around the music.

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The 2005/2006 midnight fireworks.

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Sydney Harbour during the finale of the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games Closing Ceremony on the 1st October 2000. An event based on the city's world famous annual NYE celebrations.

A brilliant vocal send off was the finale, and after the 00:00 fireworks, the smallest heart beat feebly, but quickly, as though from a massive high it had witnessed.

Already for 2006, the council have set up the NYE website, which now features a ticker of how many seconds are left until 2007. The theme for this year is "A Diamond Night In Emerald City." The theme relating to Sydney, the Emerald City, and the Diamond being the focuspoint (In which the names have come from The Wizard of Oz. It has been released that the 9:00 pm fireworks will be boosted so the kids (which it is used for) can have more fun. The children will be asked to click their heels together three times at the end of the 9:00 pm fireworks to "trigger something magical", reminiscent to Dorothy in the Land of Oz. The Sydney Harbour Bridge turns 75 in 2007, which makes NYE 2006 so much more special with A Diamond Night In Emerald City. This year fireworks will be set off from 8 different barges around the harbour, four more than usual. Already, the creators have built a gigantic diamond in the centre of the bridge. "The Coathanger" is the nickname for the Harbour Bridge.

Australia's Most Comprehensive New Year's Eve websites:
• http://www.newyearseve.com.au
• http://www.newyearsparty.com.au
• http://www.sydneynye.com
Plus the official webpage: http://sydneynewyearseve.com

Hong Kong

In Hong Kong, people usually gather in Central, Causeway Bay and Tsim Sha Tsui harbourfront to see the lightworks on the skyscrapers along the harbour and to count down to the New Year at spots like Times Square and Ocean Terminal.

United States

The 1,070-pound Waterford Crystal ball on New Year's Eve.

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Countdown 2006 in NYC.

In the United States, New Year's Eve is a major social holiday. In the past 100 years the 'ball dropping' on top of One Times Square in New York City, broadcast to all of America, is a major component of the New Year celebration. The 1,070-pound, 6-foot-diameter Waterford crystal ball (on the right) located high above Times Square is lowered, starting at 23:59:00 and reaching the bottom of its tower at the stroke of midnight (00:00:00). It is sometimes referred to as "the big apple" like the city itself; the custom derives from the time signal that used to be given at noon in harbors. From 1982 to 1988, New York City dropped an enlarged apple in recognition of its nickname. Since 1972, Dick Clark has hosted televised coverage of the event called Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin Eve, shown on the ABC network. For about four decades Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians serenaded the United States from the ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel on Park Avenue in New York City. The song Auld Lang Syne has become a popular song to sing at midnight on New Year's Eve.

Many religious communities have a tradition of New Year's Eve being known as "Watch Night." The faithful of the community congregate in worship services commencing New Year's Eve night and continuing past midnight into the new year. The Watch Night is a time for giving thanks for the blessings of the outgoing year and praying for divine favor during the upcoming year. Though held by some to have begun in the African American community, watch night can actually be traced back to a sect of Christians known as the Moravians. The practice was later adopted by John Wesley, the founder of Methodism. Watch Night did take on special significance to African Americans on New Year's Eve 1862, however, as slaves eagerly awaited the arrival of January 1, 1863 -- the effective date of the Emancipation Proclamation. This particular New Year's Eve became known as "Freedom's Eve."

Local Celebrations

Now, many cities in America have their own local version of the celebration, even while keeping an eye on New York, and the New York-centric aspect of the holiday is diminishing. Many cities, echoing the New York tradition of ball drop, also descend or lower an object (or an enlarged representation of an object), usually one of local significance. There are also examples of things going up. In Seattle the countdown is done by raising the Space Needle's elevator and launching fireworks up the side of the tower until both reach the top at midnight. Template:Further

New Year's Eve is a major event in Las Vegas, Nevada, where Las Vegas Boulevard is shut down as several hundred thousand people party. In New Orleans, Louisiana, another of the most popular New Year celebration venues in North America, similar crowds of hundreds of thousands gather in the French Quarter, particularly on Bourbon and Canal Streets, to celebrate the New Year.

Many cities also celebrate First Night, a non-alcoholic family-friendly New Year's Celebration, generally featuring performing artists, community events, parades, and fireworks displays. First Night began in Boston in 1976 and is now found in over 60 cities nationwide. A similar celebration is Providence, RI's Bright Night Providence, an artist run arts celebration that started when Providence's First Night went bankrupt in 2003.

Injuries and Deaths Caused by Random Gunfire and Unapproved Fireworks Use

In several areas of the U.S., particularly major urban areas, New Year celebrations are punctuated by random celebratory gunfire, causing injuries and deaths.[1][2][3]. Police departments in many areas, aided by gun safety organizations, have attempted to crack down on this practice through technology[4][5] and enhanced penalties[6][7].

A New Year's Eve tradition in Hawaii and other areas is the uncondoned use of fireworks by local residents. Local governments have begun to severely limit this practice in recent years for numerous reasons, including its effect on people with breathing problems, thrill-seeking but dangerous twists on fireworks use (e.g. hanging fireworks from power lines), and unintended fires. Legislation approved by the Hawaii State Legislature has implemented a system of permits for fireworks use, yet this system is still frequently circumvented by locals.

United Kingdom

England celebrates the New Year by either waiting for Big Ben, or another clock to strike midnight while enjoying the party. Usually, the partygoers will countdown the last ten seconds, by shouting out the numbers from "Ten!" and then as simultaneously Big Ben chimes and zero is reached, shout "Happy New Year!" instead of zero. Amusingly, the countdown is sometimes miscalculated and "One!" is repeated until Big Ben chimes. The chimes are usually accompanied by fireworks.

There are also major celebrations across Scotland where it is known as Hogmanay. The traditional song Auld Lang Syne was written by Robert Burns, a Scots poet. There are large street parties held in the major cities and Edinburgh and Glasgow are particularly renowned for their celebrations. The Edinburgh Hogmanay Street Party is attended by people from all over the world, thanks to its outstanding reputation.

London's celebrations are the most covered. Since the construction of the London Eye, it has been the centre-point of a huge ten-minute fireworks display each year, illuminated with coloured lasers. At the start of 2005, fireworks were launched from the wheel itself for the first time.

Spain

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A young man celebrates a New Year party at a hotel in Tortosa, Spain

Spanish New Year's Eve (Nochevieja, or Fin de Año) celebrations usually begin with a family dinner, traditionally including shrimps and lamb or turkey. The actual countdown is primarily followed from the clock on top of the Casa de Correos building in Puerta del Sol square in Madrid. It is traditional to eat 12 grapes, one on each chime of the clock. This tradition has its origins in 1909, when grape growers in Alicante thought of it as a way to cut down on the large production surplus they had had that year. Nowadays, the tradition is followed by almost every Spaniard, and the 12 grapes have become synonymous with the New Year. After the clock has finished striking twelve, people greet each other and toast with sparkling wine such as cava or champagne, or alternatively with cider.

After the family dinner and the grapes, many young people attend New Year parties at pubs, discotheques and similar places (these parties are called cotillones de nochevieja, after the Spanish word cotillón, which refers to party supplies like confetti, party blowers, party hats, etc.). Parties usually last till the next morning and range from small, personal celebrations at local bars to huge parties with guests numbering the thousands at hotel convention rooms. Early next morning, party goers usually gather to have the traditional breakfast of chocolate con churros (hot chocolate and fried pastry).

France

The French call New Year's Eve la Saint-Sylvestre. It is usually celebrated with a feast called le Réveillon de Saint-Sylvestre. This feast customarily includes special dishes and drinks like champagne and foie gras. The celebration can be a simple, intimate dinner with friends and family or a much fancier ball (une soirée dansante).

On le Jour de l'An (New Year's Day), friends and family exchange New Year's resolutions and sometimes gifts.

The holiday period ends on January 6, Epiphany. On this day, they traditionally enjoy a type of cake which varies depending on where you are in France.

Brazil

New Year's Eve (Véspera de Ano Novo) is one of the most traditional holidays in Brazil. In most Brazilian cities, even those of medium size, there is a major display of fireworks after midnight, and special musical shows. The most famous celebration is at the Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro. The city of São Paulo also has a famous worldwide event: the Saint Silvester Marathon (Corrida de São Silvestre), which traverses streets between Paulista Avenue and the downtown area. It is contested by athletes of many countries, including such Olympic stars as the Kenyan runner Paul Tergat, who won it five times.

Ecuador

During the celebration of Año Viejo, Ecuadorean citizens burn anthropomorphic figures made of wood, newspapers, and rags, which are then stuffed with fireworks. These figures, known also as Año Viejo, represent symbolically the detritus of the old year and are generally references to noteworthy events during the past year. Often these have included hated political figures, pop-culture references, etc.

See also

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• Chinese New Year
• Omisoka (Japan)
• Áramótaskaupið (Iceland)
• First Night
• Hogmanay