Changes

If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the '''Roman families''' when the Slavs invaded the island of Korčula? <ref>In Croatian the c in Korcula is pronounced ''ch'' and is written "'''č'''".</ref> The Slavic tribes invaded the [[Directory:Fausto_Veranzio#Dalmatia|Dalmatian]] province of the ''Byzantine Empire'' (Eastern Roman Empire).

If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the '''Roman families''' when the Slavs invaded the island of Korčula? <ref>In Croatian the c in Korcula is pronounced ''ch'' and is written "'''č'''".</ref> The Slavic tribes invaded the [[Directory:Fausto_Veranzio#Dalmatia|Dalmatian]] province of the ''Byzantine Empire'' (Eastern Roman Empire).

===Events===

===Events===

Events could have unfolded (and most probably did) which led to the Roman families of Korčula (Corcyra Nigra) being attacked and killed. The survivors could have fled from '''Korčula''' to Ragusa (Dubrovnik), then a place of refuge. Maybe some survived and remained on the island. Nikola Ostojic a 19 century Historian from Korčula (Blato) describes the actual invasion of the Neretljani Slavs in his [[Directory:Korcula History|book]] ''"Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula"'' which was written in 1858. The old Roman cities of Dalmatia; Epidaurum, Narona and Salona which were then part of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman Empire), were destroyed or just abandoned. This was due to the fact that the cities were not strategically set up for defence from constant invasions. According various sources the Avars participated in these events too. The ''Avars'' were a nomadic people from  Eurasian  who invaded the Balkans  at the same time as the Slavs. In this historic period it is recorded that many of the churches on the island of Korčula were destroyed (then rebuilt at a later stage). <ref>According to recent studies done at the '''University of Zadar''',  Slavs on the island of Korčula accepted Christianity fully in the 14th century. Reference from: University of Zadar-Sociogeographic Transformation of the Western Part of Korcula Island by Lena Mirosevic-2008 (p161)</ref> The Ostrogoths (a Germanic tribe) also invaded Dalmatia in the 6th century.  According to Nikola Ostojic, the Roman families survived. They spoke the ''Romance language'' - Dalmatian.

Events could have unfolded (and most probably did) which led to the Roman families of Korčula (Corcyra Nigra) <ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/322146/Korcula|title='''"Korcula."''' '''Encyclopædia Britannica'''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Tue. 8 Mar. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-03-8}}

 

*"CURZOLA (Serbo-Croatian Korcula or Karkar), an island in the Adriatic Sea, forming part of Dalmatia, Austria; and lying west of the Sabioncello promontory, from which it is divided by a strait less than 2 M. wide. Its length is about 25 m.; its average breadth, 4 m. Curzola (Korcula), the capital and principal port, is a fortified town on the east coast, and occupies a rocky foreland almost surrounded by the sea."</ref> being attacked and killed. The survivors could have fled from '''Korčula''' to Ragusa (Dubrovnik), then a place of refuge. Maybe some survived and remained on the island. Nikola Ostojic a 19 century Historian from Korčula (Blato) describes the actual invasion of the Neretljani Slavs in his [[Directory:Korcula History|book]] ''"Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula"'' which was written in 1858. The old Roman cities of Dalmatia; Epidaurum, Narona and Salona which were then part of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman Empire), were destroyed or just abandoned. This was due to the fact that the cities were not strategically set up for defence from constant invasions. According various sources the Avars participated in these events too. The ''Avars'' were a nomadic people from  Eurasian  who invaded the Balkans  at the same time as the Slavs. In this historic period it is recorded that many of the churches on the island of Korčula were destroyed (then rebuilt at a later stage). <ref>According to recent studies done at the '''University of Zadar''',  Slavs on the island of Korčula accepted Christianity fully in the 14th century. Reference from: University of Zadar-Sociogeographic Transformation of the Western Part of Korcula Island by Lena Mirosevic-2008 (p161)</ref> The Ostrogoths (a Germanic tribe ''related'' to the Goths) also invaded Dalmatia in the 6th century.  According to Nikola Ostojic, the Roman families survived. They spoke the ''Romance language'' - Dalmatian.

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The new population probably settled in the centre of the island (near the village Cara) and they spoke  old '''Chakavian'''-Croatian. The centre of the island had its strategic qualities which allowed protection on all sides from attack by sea. It also had fertile land which allowed cultivation.  After the invasion of Slavic tribes, the region stabilised to a certain extent. The Byzantine (Eastern Roman Empire) and the ''Republic of Venice''  and others,<ref> Neretljani Slavs (Narantani or ''Arentanoi'' )</ref> started to exert a political influence over the region. These events have been recorded historically by both Empires in chronicles of the time.

The new population probably settled in the centre of the island (near the village Cara) and they spoke  old '''Chakavian'''-Croatian. The centre of the island had its strategic qualities which allowed protection on all sides from attack by sea. It also had fertile land which allowed cultivation.  After the invasion of Slavic tribes, the region stabilised to a certain extent. The Byzantine (Eastern Roman Empire) and the ''Republic of Venice''  and others,<ref> Neretljani Slavs (Narantani or ''Arentanoi'' )</ref> started to exert a political influence over the region. These events have been recorded historically by both Empires in chronicles of the time.

There is archaeological evidence from 16 century where the Croatian identity was used. Stone writings in Zavalatica are dedicated to events from 889 AD. It describes a clash between the Slavic population and the Venetian army. Marinko Gjivoje wrote about the find in 1972. The stone writings use: ''Hrvat Dalmatinac'' in its writings. ''Hrvat'' means Croat in Croatian.<ref>[http://www.korcula.net/history/mmarelic/script.htm History-Korcula.net] Marko Marelic-S. Francisco-USA</ref>  

There is archaeological evidence from 16 century where the Croatian identity was used. Stone writings in Zavalatica are dedicated to events from 889 AD. It describes a clash between the Slavic population and the Venetian army. Marinko Gjivoje wrote about the find in 1972. The stone writings use: ''Hrvat Dalmatinac'' in its writings. ''Hrvat'' means Croat in Croatian.<ref>[http://www.korcula.net/history/mmarelic/script.htm History-Korcula.net] Marko Marelic-S. Francisco-USA</ref>  

==Korcula Dialect==

==Korcula Dialect==

[[Korcula Dialect|Korčula Dialect]]  is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula in Croatia. According to the Croatian Anthropological Society in their Collegium Antropologicum  (Volumes 15-16) the language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&ct=result&id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&q=korcula#search_anchor Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. (p312 & p318)</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. (p311)</ref> The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been referred to as Corzulot. Additionally it has influences of Venetian:

[[Korcula Dialect|Korčula Dialect]]  is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula in Croatia. According to the Croatian Anthropological Society in their Collegium Antropologicum  (Volumes 15-16) the language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&ct=result&id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&q=korcula#search_anchor Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. (p312, p318)</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. (p311)</ref> The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been referred to as Corzulot. Additionally it has influences of Venetian:

*'''Defora''' in old Venetian means ''"from the outside"''.

*'''Defora''' in old Venetian means ''"from the outside"''.

* Regarding the Shokavian dialect (taken from-[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan): {{Cquote|''However, the clashes between the Ottoman Empire and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699). The newcomers were given land and awarded special privileges “The Paštrović Privileges”.'' <ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan</ref>}}

* Regarding the Shokavian dialect (taken from-[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan): {{Cquote|''However, the clashes between the Ottoman Empire and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699). The newcomers were given land and awarded special privileges “The Paštrović Privileges”.'' <ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan</ref>}}

* Under the Treaty of Rapallo (Nov. 12, 1920 between [[Italy]] and Yugoslavia), Korčula became part of Yugoslavia.  It was interpreted back then as the formation of the Kingdom of Serbia, Croatia & Slovenia.  

* Under the Treaty of Rapallo (Nov. 12, 1920 between [[Italy]] and Yugoslavia), Korčula became part of Yugoslavia.  It was interpreted back then as the formation of the Kingdom of Serbia, Croatia & Slovenia.  

'''Additional''':

'''Additional''':

* Venetian & Ragusan (Dubrovnik) families.

* Venetian & Ragusan (Dubrovnik) families migrated to island.

* Second Slavic (Croatian) migration in 17th & 18th century.

* Second Slavic (Croatian) migration in 17th & 18th century.

In this editors opinion Korčula was originally a Roman town. It latter became a dual Latin (Roman)-Slavic town in the middle ages. With the  arrival of Venitians in the 15th century it continued evolve as such until the end of the Republic itself in 1797. Today we have surnames on the island that are not of Slavic origin, for example:

In this editors opinion Korčula was originally a Roman town. It latter became a dual Latin (Roman)-Slavic town in the middle ages. With the  arrival of Venitians in the 15th century it continued evolve as such until the end of the Republic itself in 1797. Today we have surnames on the island that are not of Slavic origin, for example: