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==If we put aside political correctness, concernig Korcula's history==

==If we put aside political correctness, concerning Korcula's history==

'''''Firstly''''' it appears to me that the region (former Yugoslavia/West Balkans) has problems with interpreting multicultural and ''multiethnic'' history (& societies). If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the '''Latin families''' <ref>'''Korcula''' the island became part of the Roman province of Dalmatia</ref> on the island of Korcula (Corcyra Nigra) in the 7th century when the Croatians (Slavs) invaded. The Slavic tribes invaded the ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) province of [[Directory:Fausto Veranzio#Dalmatian|Dalmatia]].

'''''Firstly''''' it appears to me that the region (former Yugoslavia/West Balkans) has problems with interpreting multicultural and ''multiethnic'' history (& societies). If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the Latin families (& Illirian-Greek) <ref>'''Korcula''' the island became part of the Roman province of Dalmatia</ref> on the island of Korcula (Corcyra Nigra) in the 7th century when the Slavs invaded. The Slavic tribes invaded the ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) province of [[Directory:Fausto Veranzio#Dalmatian|Dalmatia]].

Events could have unfolded (& most probably did) which led to them being attacked and killed. The survivors could have fled from Korcula to Ragusa (Dubrovnik), then a place of refuge. Maybe some survived and remained on the island.

The 19th century theories concerning the identity of these early Slavs is '''flawed'''.  

Judging by what happened to the Roman cities of Dalmatia; ''Epidaurum'', ''Narona'' and ''Salona'' (which were then part of the Byzantine Empire), these towns were '''destroyed'''. The Avari participated in these events too. This pattern of aggression of the Slavic tribes in conquering new territory must have continued during the following decades (& centuries) of the dark ages. In this historic period it is recorded that many of the churches on the island of Korcula were destroyed (then rebuilt at a later stage). <ref>According to recent studies done at the University of Zadar, Croatians on the island of Korcula accepted Christianity fully in the 14th and 15th Century.  Reference from: University of Zadar-Sociogeographic Transformation of the Western Part of Korcula Island by Lena Mirosevic-2008/page 161</ref>

* [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Becoming+Slav,+Becoming+Croat:+Identity+Transformations+in+Post-Roman+and+Early+Medieval+Dalmatia&hl=en&ei=MLFCTbjaBYaecLnwkf4N&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat:] Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino

* [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=wEF5oN5erE0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=When+Ethnicity+did+not+Matter+in+the+Balkans&hl=en&ei=Xr9ETaLAN4--uwO7j8SDAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false When Ethnicity did not Matter in the Balkans] by John Van Antwerp Fine.

* [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=B2LFRiT1nfYC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Venice+and+the+Slavs&hl=en&ei=2r9ETfzgCoS0vwOShpndAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Venice and the Slavs:] The Discovery of Dalmatia in the Age of Enlightenment by Larry Wolff.

It is likely that the new population settled in the centre of the island (Cara). The centre of the island had its strategic qualities which allowed protection on all sides from attack by sea. It also had fertile land which allowed cultivation. After the invasion of Slavic Tribes the region  stabilised to a certain extent. The Byzantine Empire and the ''Republic of Venice''  started to exert a political influence over the region and it’s new peoples. These events have been recorded historically by both Empires in chronicles of the time.The Latin population eventually started to return to the island in larger numbers thus creating a historic multicultural and multiethnic society.  

Latest scholarly & archaeological research states that the Slavs of Southern Dalmatian were identified as neither Croatians or Serbs. They were called Slavs (Dalmatian Slavs). Funny that considering what has happened historically to the region in the last 60 - 70 years. It actually makes perfect sense that the original Slav settles were identified and identified themselves as Slavs. Latter the Slavic peoples started to identify themselves and evolve into separate ethnic groups which is perfectly normal. It seems that in Dalmatia the Slavic identity lasted much longer.

Dalmatians of Latin ancestry brought ''Mediterranean cultural'' to the Slavs. Christianity was one aspect of this. In essence the Croatians on the island were '''Romanized'''.  

There is archaeological events from 16 century where the Croatian identity was used. Stone writings in Zavalatica are dedicated to events from 889 AD. It describes a clash between the Slavic population and the Venetian army. Marinko Gjivoje wrote about the find in 1972. The stone writings uses: ''Hrvat Dalmatinac'' in its writings.''Hrvat'' means Croatian in Slavic.<ref>[http://www.korcula.net/history/mmarelic/script.htm History-Korcula.net] Marko Marelic-S. Francisco-USA</ref>

In '''889 AD''' it is documented that there was a clash between the local Croatians (from Cara) and the Venetian army. The story is part of the Island of Korcula's oral history.

 

 

 

 

In '''889 AD''' it is documented that there was a clash between the local Slavs (from Cara) and the Venetian army. The story is part of the Island of Korcula's oral history.

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'''Below''' taken from ''Historical Compendium of the Island of Curzola'' by Nikola Ostoich: <ref>Historical Compendium of the Island of Curzola ''by'' Nicolo Ostoich (p7)</ref>

'''Below''' taken from [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula|''Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula'']] by Nikola Ostoic: <ref>Historical Compendium of the Island of Curzola ''by'' Nicolo Ostoic (p7)</ref>

*Subject to the Roman Emperors first from the west, then from the east, by Augustus at Heraclius until 642

*Subject to the Roman Emperors first from the west, then from the east, by Augustus at Heraclius until 642

*Defeated and confederated by the Neretljani from 642 to 999

*Defeated and confederated by the Neretljani from 642 to 999

Lumbarda Psephisma is a stone inscription on the island of Korcula, in modern-day Croatia. It is believed that the psephism is from the 4th century B.C. The Greeks established a settlement on the basis of a prior agreement with the representatives of the local Illyrians who were Pil and his son Daz.

Lumbarda Psephisma is a stone inscription on the island of Korcula, in modern-day Croatia. It is believed that the psephism is from the 4th century B.C. The Greeks established a settlement on the basis of a prior agreement with the representatives of the local Illyrians who were Pil and his son Daz.

{{Cquote|'''Quote''': ''Best of luck. During the time of hieromnamon Praxidam in the month of Machaneus a contract was made to establish a colony between the people of Issa and Pil and his son Daz. Colony founders agreed upon and the people decided: those who where the first to occupy the land and built a wall around the city would get a special land to build houses within the fortified city, especially with a part, and of the land which was outside the city, so that those first people separately obtain the first lot of three plethrons separated from the land, and from the other parts, to write down (what lot and what part) each of them obtained, and in permanent ownership they (and their descendants) get one and a half plethrons each; subsequent colonists are to get from undistributed land in the field four and a half plethrons; the authorities swear never to  divide the city or land again; if someone of the authority proposes something or someone agrees against this (Psephism), let he or she be dishonoured, and his or her property should become public property; the person who kills  him or her is not to be punished……… This land was obtained and  the city walls built by: Dymanes, Hylleis & Pamphylois.'' <ref>[http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=74289&lang=en Hrcak Portal of scientific journals of Croatia:] Lumbarda Psephisma, the Oldest Document about the Division of Land Parcels in Croatia from the Beginning of the 4th or 3rd Century BC by Miljenko Solaric & Nikola Solaic (University of Zagreb). </ref>}}

{{Cquote|'''Quote''': ''Best of luck. During the time of hieromnamon Praxidam in the month of Machaneus a contract was made to establish a colony between the people of Issa and Pil and his son Daz. Colony founders agreed upon and the people decided: those who where the first to occupy the land and built a wall around the city would get a special land to build houses within the fortified city, especially with a part, and of the land which was outside the city, so that those first people separately obtain the first lot of three plethrons separated from the land, and from the other parts, to write down (what lot and what part) each of them obtained, and in permanent ownership they (and their descendants) get one and a half plethrons each; subsequent colonists are to get from undistributed land in the field four and a half plethrons; the authorities swear never to  divide the city or land again; if someone of the authority proposes something or someone agrees against this (Psephism), let he or she be dishonoured, and his or her property should become public property; the person who kills  him or her is not to be punished……… This land was obtained and  the city walls built by: Dymanes, Hylleis & Pamphylois.'' <ref>[http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=74289&lang=en Hrcak Portal of scientific journals of Croatia:] Lumbarda Psephisma, the Oldest Document about the Division of Land Parcels in Croatia from the Beginning of the 4th or 3rd Century BC by Miljenko Solaric & Nikola Solaic (University of Zagreb). </ref>}}

* The island became part of the Roman province of '''Illyricum'''. <ref>'''Encyclopedia Britannica'''.

* The island became part of the Roman province of '''Illyricum'''. <ref>'''Encyclopedia Britannica'''.

* The Roman province of Illyricum stretched from the Drilon River (the Drin, in modern Albania) in the south to Istria (modem [[Slovenia]] and Croatia)</ref> After the Illyrian Wars. Roman migration followed and Roman citizens arrived on the island. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=QtppAAAAMAAJ&q=Roman+Junianum+korcula&dq=Roman+Junianum+korcula&lr= Croatian Adriatic:] History, Culture, Art & Natural beauties</ref>  In 10 AD Illyricum was split into two provinces, Pannonia and '''Dalmatia'''.<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> Korcula became part of the ancient Roman province of Dalmatia.  

* The Roman province of Illyricum stretched from the Drilon River (the Drin, in modern Albania) in the south to Istria (modem [[Slovenia]] and Croatia)</ref> After the Illyrian Wars. Roman migration followed and Roman citizens arrived on the island. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=QtppAAAAMAAJ&q=Roman+Junianum+korcula&dq=Roman+Junianum+korcula&lr= Croatian Adriatic:] History, Culture, Art & Natural beauties</ref>  In 10 AD Illyricum was split into two provinces, Pannonia and '''Dalmatia'''.<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> Korcula became part of the ancient Roman province of Dalmatia.  

* In the 6th century it came under Byzantine Empire rule.

* In the 6th century it came under Byzantine Empire rule.

*The Great Migrations of the 7th century, brought the Slavic peoples<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=l6JnAAAAMAAJ&dq=croatian+history&q=slavs#search_anchor A History of the Croatian] by Francis Ralph Preveden (1955)</ref> into the Dalmatia region.  

*The Great Migrations of the 7th century, brought the Slavic peoples<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=l6JnAAAAMAAJ&dq=croatian+history&q=slavs#search_anchor A History of the Croatian] by Francis Ralph Preveden (1955)</ref> into the Dalmatia region.  

* Second Slavic Migration in 17th & 18th century.

* Second Slavic (Croatian) migration in 17th & 18th century.

Additional:

Additional:

*Venetian & Ragusan families (Jewish families from Spain).

*Venetian & Ragusan families (Jewish families from Spain).

*Korcula originally a Latin town. Latter became Latin/Venetian/Slavic (Croatian).  

*Korcula originally a Latin town. Latter became Latin/Venetian/Slavic (Croatian).  

*Cara (or Čara) originally Slavic (Croatian) village.

*Cara (or Čara) originally Slavic village.

''Interesting'': Cara used to be called Hara. The [[Austria|Austria-Hungary]] census registered Cara's name as Kcara.  

''Interesting'': Cara used to be called Hara. The [[Austria|Austria-Hungary]] census registered Cara's name as Kcara.  

The Statute of Korcula was first drafted in 1214. It was probably written by Latin & Slavic (Croatian) Nobility.

The Statute of Korcula was first drafted in 1214. It was probably written by Latin & Slavic Nobility.

{{Cquote|'''Historic quote''': ''"In 1262 the Venetians praised the Slavs and Latins on the island of Korcula for submitting to the prince Venice"'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p3oGybOY1w4C&pg=PA103&dq=korcula+Venice++Slavs&hl=en&ei=oMBjTJPQBoicvgPkpPCeCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=korcula%20Venice%20%20Slavs&f=false When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans:] by John Van Antwerp Fine. p103</ref>}}

{{Cquote|'''Historic quote''': ''"In 1262 the Venetians praised the Slavs and Latins on the island of Korcula for submitting to the prince Venice"'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p3oGybOY1w4C&pg=PA103&dq=korcula+Venice++Slavs&hl=en&ei=oMBjTJPQBoicvgPkpPCeCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=korcula%20Venice%20%20Slavs&f=false When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans:] by John Van Antwerp Fine. p103</ref>}}

In 16 century Stone writings in Zavalatica are dedicated to events from 889 AD. It describes a clash between the Croatians and the Venetian army. Marinko Gjivoje wrote about the find in 1972. The stone writings states: ''Hrvat Dalmatinac'' in its writings.''Hrvat'' means Croatian in Slavic.<ref>[http://www.korcula.net/history/mmarelic/script.htm History-Korcula.net] Marko Marelic-S. Francisco-USA</ref>

In 16 century Stone writings in Zavalatica are dedicated to events from 889 AD. It describes a clash between the Slavs and the Venetian army. Marinko Gjivoje wrote about the find in 1972. The stone writings states: ''Hrvat Dalmatinac'' in its writings.''Hrvat'' means Croatian in Slavic.<ref>[http://www.korcula.net/history/mmarelic/script.htm History-Korcula.net] Marko Marelic-S. Francisco-USA</ref>

 

'''Note''': Croatian (Slavs)<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=eaq90_BOvqIC&pg=PA119&dq=Andrea+Dandolo+Venetian+author+Chronicle+of+Dalmatia+Red+Croatia&client=safari&cd=2#v=onepage&q=Andrea%20Dandolo%20Venetian%20author%20Chronicle%20of%20Dalmatia%20Red%20Croatia&f=false Byzantium's Balkan Frontier:] A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900-1204 by Paul Stephenson </ref><ref>Presbyter Diocleas: De Regno Sclavorum; Ioannes Lucius: De Regno Dalmatie et Croatiae (Amsterdam 1666) 287-302; Schwandtner Scriptores Rerum Hungaricarum III (Vienna) 174; Sl. Mijušković: Letopis Popa Dukljanina-1967)</ref><ref>Flavius Blondus: Historiarum ab Inclinatione Romani Imperii, dec II, lib II (Venetiae 1483, f. 115 r; ed Basilea 1559) 177.</ref><ref>Andrea Dandolo (1300-1354), the Venetian author of Chronicle of Dalmatia, who writes of Croatian lands (Dalmatian Kingdom), reiterated the boundaries of Red Croatia</ref> started to be referred too (& referred  themselves) mainly as Dalmatians Slavs or Dalmatians, sometime post 11th Century.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p3oGybOY1w4C&pg=PA162&dq=Dalmatian+Slavs+korcula&hl=en&ei=haNjTKueOYiyvgPNnZieCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dalmatian%20Slavs%20korcula&f=false When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans:] by John Van Antwerp Fine. p162</ref>  

Korcula's old name was Curzola. The Old-Slavic term was Krkar.

Korcula's old name was Curzola. The Old-Slavic term was Krkar.