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<blockquote>
<blockquote>
Again, in a ship, if a man were at liberty to do what he chose, but were devoid of mind and excellence in navigation (αρετης κυβερνητικης), do you perceive what must happen to him and his fellow sailors? ([[Plato]], ''[[Alcibiades]]'', 135A).
Again, in a ship, if a man were at liberty to do what he chose, but were devoid of mind and excellence in navigation (αρετης κυβερνητικης), do you perceive what must happen to him and his fellow sailors? (Plato, ''Alcibiades'', 135A).
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</blockquote>
'''Cybernetics''' is the study of [[communication]] and [[control theory|control]], typically involving regulatory [[feedback]], in living organisms, machines, organizations, and their combinations. For example, it includes the study of computer-controlled machines such as automata and robots, along with the study of sociotechnical systems. The term ''cybernetics'' stems from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] Κυβερνήτης (''kybernetes'', steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder — the same root as the word ''[[government]]''). It is an earlier but still-used generic term for many of the subject matters that are increasingly subject to specialization under the headings of [[adaptive system]]s, [[artificial intelligence]], [[complex system]]s, [[complexity theory]], [[control system]]s, [[decision support system]]s, [[dynamical system]]s, [[information theory]], [[learning organization]]s, [[mathematical systems theory]], [[operations research]], [[simulation]], and [[systems engineering]]. A more philosophical definition, suggested in [[1956]] by [[Louis Couffignal]], one of the pioneers of cybernetics, characterizes cybernetics as "the art of ensuring the efficacy of action".
'''Cybernetics''' is the study of communication and control, typically involving regulatory feedback, in living organisms, machines, organizations, and their combinations. For example, it includes the study of computer-controlled machines such as automata and robots, along with the study of sociotechnical systems. The term ''cybernetics'' stems from the Greek Κυβερνήτης (''kybernetes'', steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder — the same root as the word ''government''). It is an earlier but still-used generic term for many of the subject matters that are increasingly subject to specialization under the headings of adaptive systems, artificial intelligence, complex systems, complexity theory, control systems, decision support systems, dynamical systems, information theory, learning organizations, mathematical systems theory, operations research, simulation, and systems engineering. A more philosophical definition, suggested in 1956 by Louis Couffignal, one of the pioneers of cybernetics, characterizes cybernetics as “the art of ensuring the efficacy of action”.
==History==
==History==
==Document history==
==Document history==
* Some content adapted from the [http://www.getwiki.net/ GetWiki] article [http://www.getwiki.net/-Cybernetics&oldid=1536 "Cybernetics"] under the [[GNU Free Documentation License]].
* Some content adapted from the [http://getwiki.net/ GetWiki] article [http://getwiki.net/-Cybernetics Cybernetics] under the [[GNU Free Documentation License]].
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* Some content adapted from the [http://www.wikinfo.org/ Wikinfo] article [http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Cybernetics&oldid=57542 "Cybernetics"] under the [[GNU Free Documentation License]].
* Some content adapted from the [http://www.wikinfo.org/w/ Wikinfo] article [http://wikinfo.org/w/index.php?title=Cybernetics&oldid=57542 Cybernetics] under the [[GNU Free Documentation License]].
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revision as of 13:54, 22 Nov 2006 by Jon Awbrey
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* Some content adapted from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia] article [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cybernetics&oldid=74020783 "Cybernetics"] under the [[GNU Free Documentation License]].
* Some content adapted from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia] article [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cybernetics&oldid=74020783 Cybernetics] under the [[GNU Free Documentation License]].
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revision as of 21:24, 05 Sep 2006 by Jon Awbrey
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[[Category:Adaptive Systems]]
[[Category:Adaptive Systems]]
