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Yugoslavia and Communism (view source)

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#REDIRECT [[Yugoslavia Communism]]
 
#REDIRECT [[Yugoslavia Communism]]
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This article is about the influence of the Yugoslav Communist party on [[Croatia|Croatian]] society. The party was the main driving force in all social matters within the former Yugoslavia. Its [[Titoism and Totalitarianism|Stalinist policies]] from the 1940s to the 1960s and authoritarian rule have been mostly ignored in the Western media. There needs to be an historical reassessment. For example here is a statement made by Aleksandar Rankovic, the Interior Minister and the head of the military and secret police of Yugoslavia at a Belgrade Assembly (meeting): {{Cquote|''Through our prisons has passed between 1945 and 1951, 3 777 776 prisoners, while we killed 586 000 enemies of the people.'' Taken from ''Politik''a, Belgrade/1 February 1951 (p.1)  <ref>[http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:7laAd_LLA6YJ:www.hic.hr/images/komunisticke-zlocinci-nisu-antifasizma.pdf+Zločina+počinjenih+od+strane+totalitarnih+režima+su+izvješća+i+postupak+Europske+javne+rasprave+u+organizaciji+slovenskog+predsjedništva+Vijeća&cd=4&hl=hr&ct=clnk&lr=lang_hr&source=www.google.com  Communist Crime is not Antifascism] Released on International Human Rights Day, 10 DECEMBER 2008. On behalf of the participants in public meetings Maja Runje, a member of the Steering Committee- Zagreb (p. 19). Article is in Croatian: ''KOMUNISTIČKI ZLOČINI NISU ANTIFAŠIZAM] POVODOM MEĐUNARODNOG DANA LJUDSKIH PRAVA,10. PROSINCA 2008. U ime sudionika javnog okupljanja Maja Runje, članica Koordinacijskog odbora Kruga za trg10 000 Zagreb, Jurjevska 47a (str. 19)'' </ref>}}
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This article is about the influence of the Yugoslav Communist party on [[Croatia|Croatian]] society. The party was the main driving force in all social matters within the former Yugoslavia. Its [[Titoism and Totalitarianism|Stalinist policies]] from the 1940s to the 1960s and authoritarian rule have been mostly ignored in the Western media. There needs to be an historical reassessment. For example here is a statement made by Aleksandar Rankovic, the Interior Minister and the head of the military and secret police of Yugoslavia at a Belgrade Assembly (meeting): {{quote|''Through our prisons has passed between 1945 and 1951, 3 777 776 prisoners, while we killed 586 000 enemies of the people.'' Taken from ''Politik''a, Belgrade/1 February 1951 (p.1)  <ref>[http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:7laAd_LLA6YJ:www.hic.hr/images/komunisticke-zlocinci-nisu-antifasizma.pdf+Zločina+počinjenih+od+strane+totalitarnih+režima+su+izvješća+i+postupak+Europske+javne+rasprave+u+organizaciji+slovenskog+predsjedništva+Vijeća&cd=4&hl=hr&ct=clnk&lr=lang_hr&source=www.google.com  Communist Crime is not Antifascism] Released on International Human Rights Day, 10 DECEMBER 2008. On behalf of the participants in public meetings Maja Runje, a member of the Steering Committee- Zagreb (p. 19). Article is in Croatian: ''KOMUNISTIČKI ZLOČINI NISU ANTIFAŠIZAM] POVODOM MEĐUNARODNOG DANA LJUDSKIH PRAVA,10. PROSINCA 2008. U ime sudionika javnog okupljanja Maja Runje, članica Koordinacijskog odbora Kruga za trg10 000 Zagreb, Jurjevska 47a (str. 19)'' </ref>}}
 
Another example is the ''"Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia"''. The commission's finding was that there are 100 000 victims in 581 mass graves within [[Slovenia]] a former republic of Yugoslavia. According to the Reports and Proceedings of the [[European Union|European]] Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" , the killings were committed by the Yugoslav Paritsian Army in 1945 and 1946. <ref>[http://www.crce.org.uk/lessons/Articles/eu_hearing.pdf '''European Public Hearing''' on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" (p163-p164]</ref><ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''' - Slovenia (a former republic of Yugoslavia):  
 
Another example is the ''"Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia"''. The commission's finding was that there are 100 000 victims in 581 mass graves within [[Slovenia]] a former republic of Yugoslavia. According to the Reports and Proceedings of the [[European Union|European]] Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" , the killings were committed by the Yugoslav Paritsian Army in 1945 and 1946. <ref>[http://www.crce.org.uk/lessons/Articles/eu_hearing.pdf '''European Public Hearing''' on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" (p163-p164]</ref><ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''' - Slovenia (a former republic of Yugoslavia):  
 
* "After the armistice the British repatriated more than 10,000 Slovene collaborators who had attempted to retreat with the Germans, and [[Josip Broz Tito|Tito]] had most of them massacred at the infamous Pits of Kocevje".</ref> The Communists of Yugoslavia were the main organisers of a large scale execution of POWs and people who were guilty by association only and never bought to trial. Documents show that many of these people were refugees and amongst them were large numbers of women and children.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ZK2WE_2H3UEC&pg=PA168&dq=Bleiburg+massacre&hl=en&ei=kbsiTJ-MDIHJcc2kzIkF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q&f=false Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide:] The Holocaust and Historical ''by'' David B. MacDonald. (p168).
 
* "After the armistice the British repatriated more than 10,000 Slovene collaborators who had attempted to retreat with the Germans, and [[Josip Broz Tito|Tito]] had most of them massacred at the infamous Pits of Kocevje".</ref> The Communists of Yugoslavia were the main organisers of a large scale execution of POWs and people who were guilty by association only and never bought to trial. Documents show that many of these people were refugees and amongst them were large numbers of women and children.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ZK2WE_2H3UEC&pg=PA168&dq=Bleiburg+massacre&hl=en&ei=kbsiTJ-MDIHJcc2kzIkF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q&f=false Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide:] The Holocaust and Historical ''by'' David B. MacDonald. (p168).
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''-See below-''
 
''-See below-''
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*'''Note A'''. Vladimir Geiger of the [[Croatia|Croatian]] Institute for History:{{Cquote|''The list of German victims includes 26,000 women and 5,800 children who died in [[Talk:Titoism and Totalitarianism|Yugoslav Camps]]''- Geiger said.<ref>[http://www.newcomers-network.de/newsfeed_dpa/110217German_mass_grave_sheds_new_light_on_clo.php Newcomers Network:] German Mass Grave Sheds New Light on Close of World War Two. </ref>}}  
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*'''Note A'''. Vladimir Geiger of the [[Croatia|Croatian]] Institute for History:{{quote|''The list of German victims includes 26,000 women and 5,800 children who died in [[Talk:Titoism and Totalitarianism|Yugoslav Camps]]''- Geiger said.<ref>[http://www.newcomers-network.de/newsfeed_dpa/110217German_mass_grave_sheds_new_light_on_clo.php Newcomers Network:] German Mass Grave Sheds New Light on Close of World War Two. </ref>}}  
 
Ethnic cleansing of [[Directory:Germany|Germans]] <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqFyQhi5FFAC&pg=PA181&dq=Ethnic+cleansing+of+Germans,+Hungarians+and+Italians+Yugoslavia&hl=en&ei=VqqmTNSYAoPmvQOChdnnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20Germans%2C%20Hungarians%20and%20Italians%20Yugoslavia&f=false Ethnic Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Responses] by Karl Cordell & Stefan Wolff (p181)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=t30IGBzlvOwC&pg=PR16&dq=Josip+Broz+Tito+committed+mass+murders&hl=en&ei=yZZnTdKJLoGmvgOI-Nz9DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q&f=false Taken: A Lament for a Lost Ethnicity] by Kathryn Schaeffer Pabst & Douglas Schaeffer Pabst (p16)</ref><ref>Genocide of the ethnic Germans in Yugoslavia, 1944-1948 by Herbert Prokle [http://www.read-all-about-it.org/genocide/table_of_contents.html Web site]</ref> and [[Italy|Italians]] (Foibe massacres),<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=5s-Iqn0YxnQC&pg=PA77&dq=Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=Tps9Tb6wNY35cbTZmYUH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Foibe%20massacres&f=false The Frontiers of Europe] ''by'' Malcolm Anderson & Eberhard Bort (p77)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=da6acnbbEpAC&pg=PA155&dq=History+in+Exile:+Memory+and+Identity+at+the+Borders+of+the+Balkans++++++++++Foibe+massacres+the+Balkans&hl=en&ei=THOSTemTF8X4cZfDuIkH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false History in Exile:] Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans by Pamela Ballinger (p155)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA136&dq=Foibe+massacres+Refugees+in+the+Age+of+Total+War+by+Anna+Bramwell&hl=en&ei=pApCTdDhCIa8cKvn6d0N&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell (p136, ''read '''Zara'''''-p137)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PR12&dq=A+tragedy+revealed:+the+story+of+the+Italian+population+of+Istria,+Dalmatia+Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=PJI9TZ6vMoP5cb3LlIYH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false  A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco. (p12  & [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PA81&dq=A+tragedy+revealed+Zadra&hl=en&ei=_1BjTfX8HIamugPH9r28Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false  ''read ''page 81] '''Zadar'''/Zara)</ref><ref>[http://miran.pecenik.com/ts/balkan/balkan6.htm Where the Balkans Begin (The Slovenes in Triest-The Foiba Story)] by Bernard Meares:
 
Ethnic cleansing of [[Directory:Germany|Germans]] <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqFyQhi5FFAC&pg=PA181&dq=Ethnic+cleansing+of+Germans,+Hungarians+and+Italians+Yugoslavia&hl=en&ei=VqqmTNSYAoPmvQOChdnnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20Germans%2C%20Hungarians%20and%20Italians%20Yugoslavia&f=false Ethnic Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Responses] by Karl Cordell & Stefan Wolff (p181)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=t30IGBzlvOwC&pg=PR16&dq=Josip+Broz+Tito+committed+mass+murders&hl=en&ei=yZZnTdKJLoGmvgOI-Nz9DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q&f=false Taken: A Lament for a Lost Ethnicity] by Kathryn Schaeffer Pabst & Douglas Schaeffer Pabst (p16)</ref><ref>Genocide of the ethnic Germans in Yugoslavia, 1944-1948 by Herbert Prokle [http://www.read-all-about-it.org/genocide/table_of_contents.html Web site]</ref> and [[Italy|Italians]] (Foibe massacres),<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=5s-Iqn0YxnQC&pg=PA77&dq=Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=Tps9Tb6wNY35cbTZmYUH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Foibe%20massacres&f=false The Frontiers of Europe] ''by'' Malcolm Anderson & Eberhard Bort (p77)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=da6acnbbEpAC&pg=PA155&dq=History+in+Exile:+Memory+and+Identity+at+the+Borders+of+the+Balkans++++++++++Foibe+massacres+the+Balkans&hl=en&ei=THOSTemTF8X4cZfDuIkH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false History in Exile:] Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans by Pamela Ballinger (p155)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA136&dq=Foibe+massacres+Refugees+in+the+Age+of+Total+War+by+Anna+Bramwell&hl=en&ei=pApCTdDhCIa8cKvn6d0N&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell (p136, ''read '''Zara'''''-p137)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PR12&dq=A+tragedy+revealed:+the+story+of+the+Italian+population+of+Istria,+Dalmatia+Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=PJI9TZ6vMoP5cb3LlIYH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false  A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco. (p12  & [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PA81&dq=A+tragedy+revealed+Zadra&hl=en&ei=_1BjTfX8HIamugPH9r28Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false  ''read ''page 81] '''Zadar'''/Zara)</ref><ref>[http://miran.pecenik.com/ts/balkan/balkan6.htm Where the Balkans Begin (The Slovenes in Triest-The Foiba Story)] by Bernard Meares:
 
*"During the early Communist occupation in Trieste, Gorizia and the Littoral, and the 40 days of [[Communists|Communist]] rule in Trieste city, some 6000 arrests were made and the prisoners carried off to Communist-controlled areas. When the Allies finally imposed their rule they found out about the Yugoslav execution squads. The more objective Italian historians and statisticians such as Galliano Fogar and Raoul Pupo point to between 1000 and 1800 [[Italy|Italians]] and [[Slovenia|Slovene]] victims. The '''Red Cross''' estimates that 2,250 failed to return, in rough agreement with Bogdan Novak who said in 1971 that 4200 Italians returned out of 6000 arrested."</ref> were carried out in Yugoslavia. Along the Dalmatian coast Italian (i.e Zadar) was spoken for a millennium, <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kMXURN7sxh4C&pg=PR17&dq=dalmatian+italians+dalmatia&hl=en&ei=Q_ZyTdHnLI7IuAOM_uG9AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=dalmatian%20italians%20dalmatia&f=false The Italians of Dalmatia:] From Italian unification to World War I by Luciano Monzali (p17)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=eQIEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA4&dq=Sir+John+Gardner+Wilkinson+Italian+is+spoken+in+all+the+seaports+of+Dalmatia&hl=en&ei=qP6qTLiWJoPRcdXJ8KAE&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a journey to Mostar in Herzegovina.Volume 1] by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (p4).
 
*"During the early Communist occupation in Trieste, Gorizia and the Littoral, and the 40 days of [[Communists|Communist]] rule in Trieste city, some 6000 arrests were made and the prisoners carried off to Communist-controlled areas. When the Allies finally imposed their rule they found out about the Yugoslav execution squads. The more objective Italian historians and statisticians such as Galliano Fogar and Raoul Pupo point to between 1000 and 1800 [[Italy|Italians]] and [[Slovenia|Slovene]] victims. The '''Red Cross''' estimates that 2,250 failed to return, in rough agreement with Bogdan Novak who said in 1971 that 4200 Italians returned out of 6000 arrested."</ref> were carried out in Yugoslavia. Along the Dalmatian coast Italian (i.e Zadar) was spoken for a millennium, <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kMXURN7sxh4C&pg=PR17&dq=dalmatian+italians+dalmatia&hl=en&ei=Q_ZyTdHnLI7IuAOM_uG9AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=dalmatian%20italians%20dalmatia&f=false The Italians of Dalmatia:] From Italian unification to World War I by Luciano Monzali (p17)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=eQIEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA4&dq=Sir+John+Gardner+Wilkinson+Italian+is+spoken+in+all+the+seaports+of+Dalmatia&hl=en&ei=qP6qTLiWJoPRcdXJ8KAE&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a journey to Mostar in Herzegovina.Volume 1] by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (p4).
Peter Z.
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