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[[File:250px-Croatia-Dalmatia-1.jpg|thumb|right|400px|The island of Korcula is marked red.  Dalmatia (the dark purple) within todays modern [[Croatia]] ]]

[[File:250px-Croatia-Dalmatia-1.jpg|thumb|right|400px|The island of Korcula is marked red.  Dalmatia (the dark purple) within todays modern [[Croatia]] ]]

'''Vallegrande Speak''' (in Croatian, ''Staro Luški'' <ref>Tako su stari govorili. Translate: ''How the old folk use to speak''.</ref>,  English: ''old Vela Luka speak'') is a old [[Korcula Dialect]] from the town of '''Vela Luka'''. The town is on the west end of the island of Korčula.<ref>The č is pronounced ''ch''.</ref> The island of Korčula lies just off the Dalmatian coast in [[Croatia]].<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> The language base of this Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian <ref>'''Editors note''':  Slavic tribes invaded the region of''' Roman Dalmatia''' in the early Middle Ages. Prior to the arrival of the Slavs, Roman Dalmatia was mainly inhabited by a '''Roman Latin-Illyrian''' population. Recent DNA studies have stated that more than three quarters of today's Croatian men are the descendants of Europeans who inhabited Europe 13 000-20 000 years ago (prior to the arrival of the Slavs). The first primary source (factual-that its authenticity isn't disputed) to mention the Croatian-Hrvat identity in the Balkans was '''Duke Branimir''' (Latin:'' "Branimiro comite dux cruatorum cogitavit"''  c. 880 AD). Branimir was a Slav from Dalmatia.</ref>  (it is also intermixed with Shtokavian<ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan

'''Vallegrande Speak''' (in Croatian, ''Staro Luški'' <ref>Tako su stari govorili. Translate: ''How the old folk use to speak''.</ref>,  English: ''old Vela Luka speak'') is a old [[Korcula Dialect]] from the small  town of '''Vela Luka'''. The town is on the west end of the island of Korčula.<ref>The č is pronounced ''ch''.</ref> The island of Korčula lies just off the Dalmatian coast in [[Croatia]].<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> The language base of this Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian <ref>'''Editors note''':  Slavic tribes invaded the region of''' Roman Dalmatia''' in the early Middle Ages. Prior to the arrival of the Slavs, Roman Dalmatia was mainly inhabited by a '''Roman Latin-Illyrian''' population. Recent DNA studies have stated that more than three quarters of today's Croatian men are the descendants of Europeans who inhabited Europe 13 000-20 000 years ago (prior to the arrival of the Slavs). The first primary source (factual-that its authenticity isn't disputed) to mention the Croatian-Hrvat identity in the Balkans was '''Duke Branimir''' (Latin:'' "Branimiro comite dux cruatorum cogitavit"''  c. 880 AD). Branimir was a Slav from Dalmatia.</ref>  (it is also intermixed with Shtokavian<ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan

* "However, the clashes between the [[Directory:Turkey|Ottoman Empire]] and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shtokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699)."</ref>). It has a strong elements of ''Italian Venetian'' and it also has remnants of the extinct Romance (Latin) language, ''Dalmatian''. The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been sometimes referred to as Corzulot.

* "However, the clashes between the [[Directory:Turkey|Ottoman Empire]] and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shtokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699)."</ref>). It has a strong elements of ''Italian Venetian'' and it also has remnants of the extinct Romance (Latin) language, ''Dalmatian''. The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been sometimes referred to as Corzulot.

The local dialect is sometimes referred to as ''Naski'' or more correctly ''Naški''.<ref>'''Note''': Naški means ''"ours"'' thus meaning ''"our language"'' in Croatian.</ref> The '''š''' is pronounced '''sh'''.  

The local dialect is sometimes referred to as ''Naski'' or more correctly ''Naški''.<ref>'''Note''': Naški means ''"ours"'' thus meaning ''"our language"'' in Croatian.</ref> The '''š''' is pronounced '''sh'''.  

One of Korčula's old names was Curzola. The island was from 1420 to 1797 part of the ''Republic of Venice'' (France dissolved the Republic in 1797). The Old-Slavic term was Krkar.  According to Antun (Antonio) Rosanovic written in [[Defence of Korcula (part two)|Defence of Korcula in 1571]] the Greeks named it '''Kórkyra Melaena''' meaning Black Corfu after their homeland and the dense woods on the island.  

One of Korčula's old names was Curzola. The island was from 1420 to 1797 part of the ''Republic of Venice'' (France dissolved the Republic in 1797). The Old-Slavic term was Krkar.  According to Antun (Antonio) Rosanovic written in his [[Defence of Korcula (part two)|Defence of Korcula in 1571]] the Greeks named it '''Corcyra Melena''' . <ref>Greek: Kórkyra Melaena or Κόρκυρα Μέλαινα, and Corcyra Nigra</ref> Vela Luka in the past was called ''Vallegrande''  (Latin: valle maxima).

<ref>Corcira Melaena (Greek:Kórkyra Melaena)</ref> Vela Luka in the past was called ''Vallegrande''  (Latin: valle maxima).

* bičve - socks - čarape

* bičve - socks - čarape

* bićerin - small glass (Venetian: bicér ''"glass"'')

* bićerin - small glass (Venetian: bicér ''"glass"'')

* bilo - white - Bjelo

* bilo - white - bjelo

* bira - beer - pivo (Venetian: bira)

* bira - beer - pivo (Venetian: bira)

* bluza - female shirt - ženska košulja  

* bluza - female shirt - ženska košulja  

* lamin - sheetmetal bucket

* lamin - sheetmetal bucket

* lanterna - lighthouse - svjetionik  (Venetian: lanterna)

* lanterna - lighthouse - svjetionik  (Venetian: lanterna)

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* lapis - pencil - olovka (Venetian: apis)

* lapis - pencil - olovka (Venetian: apis)

If the translation of the [[Defence of Korcula|Defence of Korčula]] 
from Ottoman Turkish attack in 1571, originally written by Antun (Antonio) Rozanovic is ''untainted'', we can see that the majority of the defenders of the island were by 1571 of Slavic decent. If we use this as a reference then from the mid 16th century onwards the majority of Korčula's population was indeed of Slavic origins.  

If the translation of the [[Defence of Korcula|Defence of Korčula]] 
from Ottoman Turkish attack in 1571, originally written by Antun (Antonio) Rozanovic is ''untainted'', we can see that the majority of the defenders of the island were by 1571 of Slavic decent. If we use this as a reference then from the mid 16th century onwards the majority of Korčula's population was indeed of Slavic origins.  

The Vallegrande Speak evolved in the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century. Vela Luka's early beginnings, from the late 17th century, started with the population of the neighbouring Blato <ref>In Croatian blato means ''mud'' it also has been said the word is related to ''water'' referring to the once lake in neighbouring field</ref> setting up a town in the large bay of Vallegrande (modern: Vela Luka). Zvonko Maričić states in the late 1500s there where five buildings (one being a church) in the bay. The buildings belong to Ismaelli, Gabrielli, Canavelli<ref> In modern Croatian: Izmaeli, Gabrijeliċ, Kanavelić</ref> and Kolovic.  Then around the 1690s <ref>Vela Luka od 1490 do 1834 ''by'' Zvonko Maričić (p207)</ref> there were additional twelve households (written in modern Croatian): Draginić, Tulić, Nalošić, Kostričić, Cetinić, Mirovšević, Žuvela, Prižmić, Marinović, Dragojević, Barčot and Surjan.

The Vallegrande Speak evolved in the late 18th century and the first half of the 19th century. Vela Luka's early beginnings, from the late 17th century, started with the population of the neighbouring Blato <ref>In Croatian blato means ''mud'' it also has been said the word is related to ''water'' referring to the once lake in neighbouring field</ref> setting up a town in the large bay of Vallegrande (modern: Vela Luka). Zvonko Maričić states in the late 1500s there where five buildings (one being a church) in the bay. The buildings belong to Ismaelli, Gabrielli, Canavelli<ref> In modern Croatian: Izmaeli, Gabrijeliċ, Kanavelić</ref> and Kolovic.  Then around the 1690s <ref>Vela Luka od 1490 do 1834 ''by'' Zvonko Maričić (p207)</ref> there were additional twelve households (written in modern Croatian): Draginić, Tulić, Nalošić, Kostričić, Cetinić, Mirovšević, Žuvela, Prižmić, Marinović, Dragojević, Barčot and Surjan.

Vallegrande Speak is an off shoot of the language spoken in '''18th century''' town of Blato. Etymology of Vallegrande would translate as large bay.  From Latin ''grandis'' means large, big whilst ' valle ' in local dialect means bays. Valle (plural) is most probably of Romance (Latin) Dalmatian origin which was spoken by '''Latin Dalmatians'''.  

Vallegrande Speak is an off shoot of the language spoken in '''18th century''' town of Blato. Etymology of Vallegrande would translate as large bay.  From Latin ''grandis'' means large, big whilst ' valle ' in local dialect means bays. Valle (plural) is most probably of Romance (Latin) Dalmatian origin which was spoken by '''Latin Dalmatians'''. The modern name is a Croatian translation of Vallegrande, Vela meaning ''large'' and Luka meaning ''bay'' or even port.

Very important to note there is a strong element of Italian Venetian within Vallegrande Speak. By the time of 15th and 16th century the majority of the population of the island of Korčula (more in the west end) spoke old Croatian with a mix of the Romance Dalmatian language and with heavy influences of Venetian (Lingua Franca of that era). During the rule of the Republic of Venice (from 1420 to 1797) saw the slow disappearance of Romance (Latin) Dalmatian. It also has to be taken into account that some parts of the population were bilingual (''or'' even trilingual).

Very important to note there is a strong element of Italian Venetian within Vallegrande Speak. By the time of 15th and 16th century the majority of the population of the island of Korčula (more in the west end) spoke old Croatian with a mix of the Romance Dalmatian language and with heavy influences of Venetian (Lingua Franca of that era). During the rule of the Republic of Venice (from 1420 to 1797) saw the slow disappearance of Romance (Latin) Dalmatian. It also has to be taken into account that some parts of the population were bilingual (''or'' even trilingual).