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====Excerpt 1. Leibniz====
====Excerpt 1. Leibniz====
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<p>Now that I have proved sufficiently that everything comes to pass according to determinate reasons, there cannot be any more difficulty over these principles of God's foreknowledge. Although these determinations do not compel, they cannot but be certain, and they foreshadow what shall happen.</p>
<p>Now that I have proved sufficiently that everything comes to pass according to determinate reasons, there cannot be any more difficulty over these principles of God's foreknowledge. Although these determinations do not compel, they cannot but be certain, and they foreshadow what shall happen.</p>
====Excerpt 2. Prigogine====
====Excerpt 2. Prigogine====
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<p>Earlier this century in ''The Open Universe : An Argument for Indeterminism'', Karl Popper wrote, "Common sense inclines, on the one hand, to assert that every event is caused by some preceding events, so that every event can be explained or predicted. … On the other hand, … common sense attributes to mature and sane human persons … the ability to choose freely between alternative possibilities of acting." This "dilemma of determinism", as William James called it, is closely related to the meaning of time. Is the future given, or is it under perpetual construction? A profound dilemma for all of mankind, as time is the fundamental dimension of our existence.</p>
<p>Earlier this century in ''The Open Universe : An Argument for Indeterminism'', Karl Popper wrote, "Common sense inclines, on the one hand, to assert that every event is caused by some preceding events, so that every event can be explained or predicted. … On the other hand, … common sense attributes to mature and sane human persons … the ability to choose freely between alternative possibilities of acting." This "dilemma of determinism", as William James called it, is closely related to the meaning of time. Is the future given, or is it under perpetual construction? A profound dilemma for all of mankind, as time is the fundamental dimension of our existence.</p>
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<p>Ilya Prigogine (with Isabelle Stengers), ''The End of Certainty : Time, Chaos, and the New Laws of Nature'', The Free Press, New York, NY, 1997, p. 1. Originally published as ''La Fin des Certitudes'', Éditions Odile Jacob, 1996.</p>
<p>Ilya Prigogine (with Isabelle Stengers), ''The End of Certainty : Time, Chaos, and the New Laws of Nature'', The Free Press, New York, NY, 1997, p. 1. Originally published as ''La Fin des Certitudes'', Éditions Odile Jacob, 1996.</p>
====Excerpt 3. Peirce (CP 6.347)====
====Excerpt 3. Peirce (CP 6.347)====
