Changes

| colspan="2" | The tod was howling on the hill,

| colspan="2" | The tod was howling on the hill,

|-

|-

| width="5%"  |   || And the distant echoing glens reply.

| width="5%"  |   || And the distant-echoing glens reply.

|-

|-

| colspan="2" align="right" | — Robert Burns, ''As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower'', [CPW, 570]

| colspan="2" align="right" | — Robert Burns, ''As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower'', [CPW, 570]

Unfortunately, there are equally pernicious tendencies that arise in the attempt to formalize experience and thus to arrive at formalized models.  There is the tendency, in pursuing formalizations of a difficult subject, to settle on a premature formalization, that is, a narrowly circumscribed set of models, or an overly simplistic typology for addressing the topic, and then, in a vain attempt to avoid further difficulties by dictating to the subject how it ought to behave, to think that a partially successful formalization gives one the right to bar the subject from leaving the charmed circle swept out by its survey, or else to think that one can afford to ignore all aspects of the subject that do not fit within it.  This temptation seems to arise on a recurring basis in the history of every formal science, being so well known from the dawn of awareness that its pattern is emblazoned in myth under the name of ''Procrustes''.

Unfortunately, there are equally pernicious tendencies that arise in the attempt to formalize experience and thus to arrive at formalized models.  There is the tendency, in pursuing formalizations of a difficult subject, to settle on a premature formalization, that is, a narrowly circumscribed set of models, or an overly simplistic typology for addressing the topic, and then, in a vain attempt to avoid further difficulties by dictating to the subject how it ought to behave, to think that a partially successful formalization gives one the right to bar the subject from leaving the charmed circle swept out by its survey, or else to think that one can afford to ignore all aspects of the subject that do not fit within it.  This temptation seems to arise on a recurring basis in the history of every formal science, being so well known from the dawn of awareness that its pattern is emblazoned in myth under the name of ''Procrustes''.

The burn, adown its hazelly path,

| colspan="2" | The burn, adown its hazelly path,

Was rushing by the ruin'd wa',

Hasting to join the sweeping Nith,

| width="5%"  |   || Was rushing by the ruin'd wa',

Whase roaring seemed to rise and fa'.

Robert Burns, As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower, [CPW, 570]

| colspan="2" | Hasting to join the sweeping Nith,

| width="5%"  |   || Whase roaring seemed to rise and fa'.

| colspan="2" align="right" | — Robert Burns, ''As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower'', [CPW, 570]

Generally speaking, formalizations constitute an indispensable utility in adapting the intellect to its environment and in helping it to build up relatively stable systems of organized knowledge.  But it takes a "force" to make things "fit", since the formal picture is partial to its own bias, and the intellectual image distorts the world as much as it adapts to it.

Generally speaking, formalizations constitute an indispensable utility in adapting the intellect to its environment and in helping it to build up relatively stable systems of organized knowledge.  But it takes a ''force'' to make things ''fit'', since the formal picture is partial to its own bias, and the intellectual image distorts the world as much as it adapts to it.

The "violence" that is involved in a formalization, that is, the degree of its departure from nature, is observed to become especially acute each time that a specialized community of inquirers succeeds in developing a fresh array of formal methods and formal models, and thereby acquires a standardized resource that appears to equip them with an expanded range of formal powers.  For those inquirers, these are competencies whose winning is not easy and whose salve they do not wish to give up, as they think they might by thinking too much about the lineaments of its ligaments and the limitations of its liniments.  Consequently, one finds that the following sort of situation typifies the state of formal inquiry:  Against every conscious caution that the formalization is only partial and in spite of every conscientious concession that the object domain is vastly more complex that any representation can contain, the tendency persists, once a formalization is fixed, to treat it just as if it were already and always would be perfectly adequate to the object.

The ''violence'' that is involved in a formalization, that is, the degree of its departure from nature, is observed to become especially acute each time that a specialized community of inquirers succeeds in developing a fresh array of formal methods and formal models, and thereby acquires a standardized resource that appears to equip them with an expanded range of formal powers.  For those inquirers, these are competencies whose winning is not easy and whose salve they do not wish to give up, as they think they might by thinking too much about the lineaments of its ligaments and the limitations of its liniments.  Consequently, one finds that the following sort of situation typifies the state of formal inquiry:  Against every conscious caution that the formalization is only partial and in spite of every conscientious concession that the object domain is vastly more complex that any representation can contain, the tendency persists, once a formalization is fixed, to treat it just as if it were already and always would be perfectly adequate to the object.

The cauld blae North was streaming forth

Her lights, wi hissing, eerie din:

| colspan="2" | The cauld blae North was streaming forth

Athort the lift they start and shift,

Like Fortune's favors, tint as win.

| width="5%"  |   || Her lights, wi hissing, eerie din:

Robert Burns, As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower, [CPW, 570]

| colspan="2" | Athort the lift they start and shift,

| width="5%"  |   || Like Fortune's favors, tint as win.

| colspan="2" align="right" | — Robert Burns, ''As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower'', [CPW, 570]

Now, looking over firth and fauld,

Her horn the pale faced Cynthia rear'd,

| colspan="2" | Now, looking over firth and fauld,

When lo!  in form of minstrel auld

A stern and stalwart ghaist appear'd.

| width="5%"  |   || Her horn the pale faced Cynthia rear'd,

Robert Burns, As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower, [CPW, 570]

| colspan="2" | When lo!  in form of minstrel auld

| width="5%"  |   || A stern and stalwart ghaist appear'd.

| colspan="2" align="right" | — Robert Burns, ''As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower'', [CPW, 570]

And frae his harp sic strains did flow,

Might rous'd the slumbering Dead to hear,

| colspan="2" | And frae his harp sic strains did flow,

But O, it was a tale of woe

As ever met a Briton's ear!

| width="5%"  |   || Might rous'd the slumbering Dead to hear,

Robert Burns, As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower, [CPW, 570]

| colspan="2" | But O, it was a tale of woe

| width="5%"  |   || As ever met a Briton's ear!

| colspan="2" align="right" | — Robert Burns, ''As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower'', [CPW, 570]

He sang wi joy his former day,

He, weeping, wail'd his latter times:

| colspan="2" | He sang wi joy his former day,

But what he said   it was nae play!

I winna ventur't in my rhymes.

| width="5%"  |   || He, weeping, wail'd his latter times:

Robert Burns, As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower,

[CPW, 570]

| colspan="2" | But what he said — it was nae play!

| width="5%"  |   || I winna ventur't in my rhymes.

| colspan="2" align="right" | — Robert Burns, ''As I Stood by Yon Roofless Tower'', [CPW, 570]

=====5.1.2.9. The Vehicle of Communication : Reflection on the Scene, Reflection on the Self=====

=====5.1.2.9. The Vehicle of Communication : Reflection on the Scene, Reflection on the Self=====