Changes

This process was most evident in the coastal and island regions of Dalmatia. In the 19th century a standard form of Klapa singing emerged. The traditional Klapa was composed of up to a dozen male singers (in recent times there are female Klape groups).  Church music heavily influences the arrangements of this music giving it the musical form that exists today.

This process was most evident in the coastal and island regions of Dalmatia. In the 19th century a standard form of Klapa singing emerged. The traditional Klapa was composed of up to a dozen male singers (in recent times there are female Klape groups).  Church music heavily influences the arrangements of this music giving it the musical form that exists today.

== Perspectives on Dalamtia ==

== Perspectives on Dalamtia ==

====Sir John Gardner Wilkinson====

====Sir John Gardner Wilkinson====

Andrew Archibald Paton (1811 - 1874) was a British diplomat and writer from the 19 century. In 1861 he wrote in his; Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic: Or, Contributions to the Modern:

Andrew Archibald Paton (1811 - 1874) was a British diplomat and writer from the 19 century. In 1861 he wrote in his; Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic: Or, Contributions to the Modern:

{{Cquote|''...the islands of Dalmatia owe much of their culture ti the near vicinity of Venice and the more extensive use of the Italian language...'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=E_NBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA167&dq=Researches+on+the+Danube+and+the+Adriatic++the+extensive+use+of+Italian&hl=en&ei=5b0GTeaTKJHGvQPyj8zNBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic, Volume 1] ''by'' Andrew Archibald Paton (p167)</ref>}}

{{Cquote|''...the islands of Dalmatia owe much of their culture ti the near vicinity of Venice and the more extensive use of the Italian language...'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=E_NBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA167&dq=Researches+on+the+Danube+and+the+Adriatic++the+extensive+use+of+Italian&hl=en&ei=5b0GTeaTKJHGvQPyj8zNBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic, Volume 1] ''by'' Andrew Archibald Paton (p167)</ref>}}

====Maude Holbach (a 1910 travel guide)====

====Maude Holbach (a 1910 travel guide)====

*Dalmatia-The Land Where East Meets West by Maude Holbach (a 1910 travel guide from COSIMO books and publications [[New York]] USA):

*Dalmatia-The Land Where East Meets West by Maude Holbach (a 1910 travel guide from COSIMO books and publications [[New York]] USA):

The chapter below is taken from the Secret Dalmatia Blog site, it is written by Alan Mandic.

The chapter below is taken from the Secret Dalmatia Blog site, it is written by Alan Mandic.

{{Cquote|''The Italian majority in Zadar was first hurt by the Allied bombings and then chased away by the [[Communists|communist]] rule. In those terrible times, many people were looking for all sorts of revenges: from personal to national and many of [[Titoism and Totalitarianism#Ethnic cleansing, Post-World War Two Camps & Communist Concentration Camps|Zadar’s Italians]] perished.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia|title="Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 24 Nov, 2010 |date=[[2010]]|accessdate=2010-11-25}}

{{Cquote|''The Italian majority in Zadar was first hurt by the [[Directory:American Journals and the Strategic Bombing of Germany|Allied bombings]] and then chased away by the [[Communists|communist]] rule. In those terrible times, many people were looking for all sorts of revenges: from personal to national and many of [[Titoism and Totalitarianism#Ethnic cleansing, Post-World War Two Camps & Communist Concentration Camps|Zadar’s Italians]] perished.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia|title="Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 24 Nov, 2010 |date=[[2010]]|accessdate=2010-11-25}}

* "Native German and Hungarian communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people—half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia—fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced labor, murdered, or later ransomed by West Germany. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on death marches towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 '''ethnic Italians''' fled to [[Italy]] in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)"</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqFyQhi5FFAC&pg=PA181&dq=Ethnic+cleansing+of+Germans,+Hungarians+and+Italians+Yugoslavia&hl=en&ei=VqqmTNSYAoPmvQOChdnnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20Germans%2C%20Hungarians%20and%20Italians%20Yugoslavia&f=false Ethnic Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Responses] by Karl Cordell & Stefan Wolff (p181)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA137&dq=Refugees+in+the+age+of+total+war+Italian+Zara&hl=en&ei=pUDvTOajMoOycIWLobkK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell. (p 137)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PA81&dq=A+tragedy+revealed+Dalmatian+city+of+Zara/Zadar&hl=en&ei=yh_uTKOEAcXIccOVlLgK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco & Konrad Eisenbichler. (p81)</ref> Some say that bones of many are still in one of the caves of Levrnaka in Kornati, many managed to escape and leave their beloved city for good, some stayed and formed a small Italian community. Among those who went from their homes were Ottavio Missoni (fashion designer born in Dubrovnik)''. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://secretdalmatia.wordpress.com/2010/11/24/zadar-the-charming-past/| title=Zadar – The postcards from the past|date=[[2010]]|accessdate=2010-11-25}}</ref>}}

* "Native German and Hungarian communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people—half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia—fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced labor, murdered, or later ransomed by West Germany. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on death marches towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 '''ethnic Italians''' fled to [[Italy]] in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)"</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqFyQhi5FFAC&pg=PA181&dq=Ethnic+cleansing+of+Germans,+Hungarians+and+Italians+Yugoslavia&hl=en&ei=VqqmTNSYAoPmvQOChdnnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20Germans%2C%20Hungarians%20and%20Italians%20Yugoslavia&f=false Ethnic Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Responses] by Karl Cordell & Stefan Wolff (p181)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA137&dq=Refugees+in+the+age+of+total+war+Italian+Zara&hl=en&ei=pUDvTOajMoOycIWLobkK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell. (p 137)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PA81&dq=A+tragedy+revealed+Dalmatian+city+of+Zara/Zadar&hl=en&ei=yh_uTKOEAcXIccOVlLgK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco & Konrad Eisenbichler. (p81)</ref> Some say that bones of many are still in one of the caves of Levrnaka in Kornati, many managed to escape and leave their beloved city for good, some stayed and formed a small Italian community. Among those who went from their homes were Ottavio Missoni (fashion designer born in Dubrovnik)''. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://secretdalmatia.wordpress.com/2010/11/24/zadar-the-charming-past/| title=Zadar – The postcards from the past|date=[[2010]]|accessdate=2010-11-25}}</ref>}}