Changes

'''This''' is about [[Wikipedia|Wikipedia's]] article on the Bleiburg Massacre.  

'''This''' is about [[Wikipedia|Wikipedia's]] article on the Bleiburg Massacre.  

Wikipedia's article on the Bleiburg massacre,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ZK2WE_2H3UEC&pg=PA168&dq=Bleiburg+massacre&hl=en&ei=kbsiTJ-MDIHJcc2kzIkF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide:|}} The Holocaust and Historical ''by'' David B. MacDonald. Page 168.

Wikipedia's article on the Bleiburg massacre,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ZK2WE_2H3UEC&pg=PA168&dq=Bleiburg+massacre&hl=en&ei=kbsiTJ-MDIHJcc2kzIkF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide:|}} The Holocaust and Historical ''by'' David B. MacDonald. (p168).

* The Partisans also carried out massacres, best known being at '''Bleiburg''' (Austria), where retreating Croatian and [[Slovenia|Slovenian]] forces and thier families were massacred.</ref><ref> Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases by Inc Icon Group International</ref> is an article that reads as if it was written by the former ''Communist Party of Yugoslavia''. It has a dated writing approach that is reminiscent of the propaganda of the former [[Communists|Communist Yugoslavia]]. The Yugoslav regime was desperate to keep the massacre a secret however this all changed after the break up of Yugoslavia. These events happened after the end of [[World War Two]]. It has been written that the massacre was a revenge <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia|title=www.enotes.com "Yugoslavia."|}}Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 26 Jun, 2010 ] Yugoslavia: Genocide & Crimes Against Humanity-Mark Thompson.

* The Partisans also carried out massacres, best known being at '''Bleiburg''' (Austria), where retreating Croatian and [[Slovenia|Slovenian]] forces and thier families were massacred.</ref><ref> Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases by Inc Icon Group International</ref> is an article that reads as if it was written by the former ''Communist Party of Yugoslavia''. It has a dated writing approach that is reminiscent of the propaganda of the former [[Communists|Communist Yugoslavia]]. The Yugoslav regime was desperate to keep the massacre a secret however this all changed after the break up of Yugoslavia. These events happened after the end of [[World War Two]]. It has been written that the massacre was a revenge <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia|title=www.enotes.com "Yugoslavia."|}}Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 26 Jun, 2010 ] Yugoslavia: Genocide & Crimes Against Humanity-Mark Thompson.

*The killing continued after the war, as Tito's victorious forces took revenge on their real and perceived enemies. British forces in [[Austria]] turned back tens of thousands of fleeing Yugoslavs. Estimates range from 30,000 to 55,000 killed between spring and autumn 1945.

*The killing continued after the war, as Tito's victorious forces took revenge on their real and perceived enemies. British forces in [[Austria]] turned back tens of thousands of fleeing Yugoslavs. Estimates range from 30,000 to 55,000 killed between spring and autumn 1945.

*Native [[Germany|German]] and [[Hungary|Hungarian]] communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people, half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia, fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced labor, murdered, or later ransomed by West Germany. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on death marches towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 ethnic Italians fled to [[Italy]] in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)</ref> against the war crimes that were committed by the Nazi element of the retreating Axis Forces.<ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''': History & Society-Independent State of Croatia </ref> This is true, but it is only part of the picture. The communists executed, without trial, a huge number of people that were deemed guilty by ''association only''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=qMZaPjrHqYYC&pg=PA283&dq=josip+broz+tito&hl=en&ei=BGf-S66gBMWrcc3wnZcK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDkQ6AEwBDge#v=onepage&q=josip%20broz%20tito&f=false Balkan Strongmen:] Dictators and Authoritarian Rulers of South Eastern Europe ''by'' Bernd Jurgen Fischer. Page 283</ref>  

*Native [[Germany|German]] and [[Hungary|Hungarian]] communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people, half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia, fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced labor, murdered, or later ransomed by West Germany. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on death marches towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 ethnic Italians fled to [[Italy]] in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)</ref> against the war crimes that were committed by the Nazi element of the retreating Axis Forces.<ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''': History & Society-Independent State of Croatia </ref> This is true, but it is only part of the picture. The communists executed,<ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''': Croatia (a former republic of Yugoslavia)

* "After the armistice the British repatriated more than 10,000 Slovene collaborators who had attempted to retreat with the Germans, and Tito had most of them massacred at the infamous Pits of Kocevje".</ref> without trial, a huge number of people that were deemed guilty by ''association only''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=qMZaPjrHqYYC&pg=PA283&dq=josip+broz+tito&hl=en&ei=BGf-S66gBMWrcc3wnZcK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDkQ6AEwBDge#v=onepage&q=josip%20broz%20tito&f=false Balkan Strongmen:] Dictators and Authoritarian Rulers of South Eastern Europe ''by'' Bernd Jurgen Fischer. (p283)</ref>  

'''Note''': Reference information below: Milko Mikola- Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes. Chapter 3. Mass killings without court trials. (Page 163-164)

'''Note''': Reference information below: Milko Mikola- Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes. Chapter 3. Mass killings without court trials. (Page 163-164)  

 

{{Cquote|

{{Cquote|

*The Main Headquarters of the Yugoslav Army had already called attention to respecting the ''Geneva Convention'' on 3rd of  May in its order on the treatment of prisoners of war. However, despite this injunction, both prisoners of war and civilians were killed on mass at the end of May and in the first half of June 1945 in Slovenia. Tito’s telegram on respecting the Geneva Convention was later revoked; however, it could only be revoked by the person who issued it in the first place, i.e. Tito himself.

*The Main Headquarters of the Yugoslav Army had already called attention to respecting the ''Geneva Convention'' on 3rd of  May in its order on the treatment of prisoners of war. However, despite this injunction, both prisoners of war and civilians were killed on mass at the end of May and in the first half of June 1945 in Slovenia. Tito’s telegram on respecting the Geneva Convention was later revoked; however, it could only be revoked by the person who issued it in the first place, i.e. Tito himself.

* It is estimated, mainly on the basis of graves discovered up to now, that around 100,000 captured members of different military formations and  civilians from all parts of Yugoslavia were killed without a court trial in Slovenia.<ref> [http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"]  

* It is estimated, mainly on the basis of graves discovered up to now, that around 100,000 captured members of different military formations and  civilians from all parts of Yugoslavia were killed without a court trial in Slovenia.<ref> [http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"]  

</ref>}}  

(p163-p164)</ref>}}  

==Aleksandar Rankovic==

==Aleksandar Rankovic==

According to the scientific research of ''Z.Dizdar'', Partisan General '''Aleksandar Rankovic''' (head of the military intelligence post WW2, the infamous UDBA <ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4t5gBayTeDQC&pg=PA214&dq=Yugoslavia+Totalitarian+state&hl=en&ei=CJ_eS7HuF8uLkAXJxd3PBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCDgU#v=onepage&q=Yugoslavia%20Totalitarian%20state&f=false|title=Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia After 1948|}}  ''by'' Fred Warner Neal. Page 214. Second chapter:  

According to the scientific research of ''Z.Dizdar'', Partisan General '''Aleksandar Rankovic''' (head of the military intelligence post WW2, the infamous UDBA <ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4t5gBayTeDQC&pg=PA214&dq=Yugoslavia+Totalitarian+state&hl=en&ei=CJ_eS7HuF8uLkAXJxd3PBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCDgU#v=onepage&q=Yugoslavia%20Totalitarian%20state&f=false|title=Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia After 1948|}}  ''by'' Fred Warner Neal. Second chapter (p214):  

* In a totalitarian state, personal freedom and human rights invariably most at the hands of unrestrianed police activity. That Yugoslavia was no exception was admitted by [http://files.osa.ceu.hu/holdings/300/8/3/text/86-3-147.shtml Aleksandar Rankovic], himself head of secret police or State Security Administration. This organization is known in Yugoslavia as UDBA.</ref>) was only answerable to [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito|Josip Broz Tito]]. Aleksandar Rankovic played a major role in these executions and the only person who could give Rankovic such an order was Tito.  The executions have some similarity to the Soviet Purges and the massacre of Polish troops by the Soviets.  

* In a totalitarian state, personal freedom and human rights invariably most at the hands of unrestrianed police activity. That Yugoslavia was no exception was admitted by [http://files.osa.ceu.hu/holdings/300/8/3/text/86-3-147.shtml Aleksandar Rankovic], himself head of secret police or State Security Administration. This organization is known in Yugoslavia as UDBA.</ref>) was only answerable to [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito|Josip Broz Tito]]. Aleksandar Rankovic played a major role in these executions and the only person who could give Rankovic such an order was Tito.  The executions have some similarity to the Soviet Purges and the massacre of Polish troops by the Soviets.  

*Edited by Peter Jambrek.<ref>[http://assembly.coe.int/Main.asp?link=/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc93/EDOC6913.htm Council of Europe-Parliamentary Assembly]</ref> Published by Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the '''European Union Crimes''' and other gross and large scale human rights violations committed during the reign of totalitarian regimes in Europe: cross- national survey of crimes committed and of their remembrance, recognition, redress, and reconciliation.

*Edited by Peter Jambrek.<ref>[http://assembly.coe.int/Main.asp?link=/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc93/EDOC6913.htm Council of Europe-Parliamentary Assembly]</ref> Published by Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the '''European Union Crimes''' and other gross and large scale human rights violations committed during the reign of totalitarian regimes in Europe: cross- national survey of crimes committed and of their remembrance, recognition, redress, and reconciliation.

*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/partisan_fighters_01.shtml#six BBC-History: Partisan Fighters] War in the Balkans 1941-1945. Dr Stephen A Hart: Senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Author of 'The Road to Falaise: Operations Totalize & Tractable' (Alan Sutton 2004), 'Montgomery and Colossal Cracks': The 21st Army Group in Northwest Europe,1944-45' (Praeger, 2000).  

*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/partisan_fighters_01.shtml#six BBC-History: Partisan Fighters] War in the Balkans 1941-1945. Dr Stephen A Hart: Senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Author of 'The Road to Falaise: Operations Totalize & Tractable' (Alan Sutton 2004), 'Montgomery and Colossal Cracks': The 21st Army Group in Northwest Europe,1944-45' (Praeger, 2000).  

*Encyclopaedia Britannica

*Encyclopaedia Britannica

* [[Slovenia|Government of Slovenia]]: Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Concealed_Mass_Graves_in_Slovenia ''Link'']

* [[Slovenia|Government of Slovenia]]: Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Concealed_Mass_Graves_in_Slovenia ''Link'']