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| Encyclopaedia Britannica:<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica: Slovenia</ref> | | Encyclopaedia Britannica:<ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica: Slovenia</ref> |
− | {{Cquote|''After the armistice the British repatriated more than 10,000 Slovene collaborators who had attempted to retreat with the Germans, and '''Tito''' had most of them massacred at the infamous Pits of Kocevje.''}} | + | {{Cquote|After the armistice the British repatriated more than 10,000 Slovene collaborators who had attempted to retreat with the Germans, and '''Tito''' had most of them massacred at the infamous Pits of Kocevje.}} |
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| + | Wikipedia:{{Cquote| |
| + | * The post-World War II Yugoslavia was in many respects a model of how to build a multinational state. |
| + | * The ethnic violence was only ended when the multiethnic Yugoslav Partisans took over the country at the end of the war and banned nationalism from being publicly promoted.}} |
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| + | ====European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" ==== |
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| + | Reports and proceedings of the 8th of April European public hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes”,<ref>[http://internationallawobserver.eu/2009/06/22/responding-to-post-second-world-war-totalitarian-crimes-in-slovenia/ International Law Observer] Responding to post-Second World War totalitarian crimes in Slovenia |
| + | Posted on June 22, 2009 by Jernej Letnar Cernic</ref> organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the European Commission, stated the following: |
| + | {{Cquote| |
| + | Totalitarian machines: |
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| + | Let us mention briefly Fascism, National Socialism and''' Titoism''' in Italy, Austria and Slovenia. Three Christian nations, with nationalist tendencies, were infected with totalitarianism. The descent into barbarism has comparable structural elements:'' <ref>[http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"] Reports and proceedings of the 8 April European public hearing on “Crimes committed |
| + | by totalitarian regimes”, organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of |
| + | the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the European Commission. |
| + | '''Page 197'''. Joze Dezman: |
| + | COMMUNIST REPRESSION AND TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE IN SLOVENIA |
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| + | '''Additional chapter''': COMMUNIST REPRESSION Of “INTERIOR ENEMIES” IN SLOVENIA |
| + | *In the greater part of this paper, the author deals with individual repressive measures that Communist rule imposed in Slovenia in the period from the end of the war in 1945 until the beginning of the 1950s. In this period, the Communist authorities in Slovenia implemented all the forms of repression that were typical of states with Stalinist regimes. In Slovenia, it was a time of mass killings without court trials, and of concentration and labour camps. |
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| + | *Property was confiscated, inhabitants were expelled from Slovenia/Yugoslavia and their residences, political and show trials were carried out, religion was repressed and the Catholic Church and its clergy were persecuted. At the beginning of the 1950s, Communist rule in Slovenia abandoned these forms of repression but was ready to reapply them if it felt threatened. |
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| + | *Thus the regime set up political and show trials against certain more visible opponents later. In the case of an “emergency situation”, even the establishment of concentration camps was planned in Slovenia in 1968, where around 1,000 persons, of whom 10 % were women, would be interned for political reasons''. '''Page 161''' |
| + | </ref> |
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| + | *Abuse of national sentiment to carry out racial and class revolutionary projects; |
| + | *Cult of a great leader, who permits his fanatics to murder, steal and lie; |
| + | *Dictatorship of one party; |
| + | *Militarisation of society, police state – almighty secret political police; |
| + | *Collectivism, subjection of the citizen to the totalitarian state; |
| + | *State terrorism with systematic abuses of basic human rights; |
| + | *Aggressive assumption of power and struggle for territory. (page 197.)}} |
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| + | Note: '''Titoism''' are political ideologies and government policies that dominated the history of the former Yugoslavia. Titoism as a ideology emerged after the Tito and Stalin split and was named after''' Josip Broz Tito'''. |
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| + | The Reforms in Yugoslavia After 1948 ''by'' Fred Warner Neal. Page 214. Second chapter:<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4t5gBayTeDQC&pg=PA214&dq=Yugoslavia+Totalitarian+state&hl=en&ei=CJ_eS7HuF8uLkAXJxd3PBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCDgU#v=onepage&q=Yugoslavia%20Totalitarian%20state&f=false Titoism in Action: The Reforms in Yugoslavia After 1948] ''by'' Fred Warner Neal.</ref> |
| + | {{Cquote|In a totalitarian state,<ref> '''Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy''' by Carl Joachim Friedrich & Zbigniew Brzezinski: Characteristics of a totalitarian regime; a total ideology, a single mass party, a terrorist secret police, a monopoly of mass communication, all instruments to wage combat are in the control of the same hands, and a centrally directed planned economy. Totalitarian dictatorships emerge after the seizure of power by the leaders of a movement who have developed support for an ideology. The point when the government becomes totalitarian is when the leadership uses open and legal violence to maintain its control. The dictator demands unanimous devotion from the people and often uses a real or imaginary enemy to create a threat so the people rally around him.</ref> personal freedom and human rights invariably most at the hands of unrestrianed police activity. That Yugoslavia was no exception was admitted by [[Bleiburg Massacre and Wikipedia#Aleksandar Rankovic|Aleksandar Rankovic]], himself head of secret police or State Security Administration. This organization is known in Yugoslavia as UDBA.}} |
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| == Cult of Personality == | | == Cult of Personality == |