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Duns Scotus (view source)

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{{Infobox_Person
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| name = [[Person_First_Name:=John Duns]] [[Person_Last_Name:=Scotus]]
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| other_names = 'Dunce'
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| birth_date = [[Birth Date:=1265|[[1265]]]]
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| birth_place = [[Birth_Country_Name:=England]]
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| birth_name =
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| death_date = [[Death Date:=1308|[[1308]]]]
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| death_place = [[Death_City:=Cologne|[[Cologne]]]], [[Death_Country_Name:=Germany]]
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| death_cause = unknown
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| occupation = [[NAICS/54|Philosopher]]
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}}
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[[Category:Philosophers]]
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The blessed '''John Duns Scotus''' (Iohannes Duns Scotus OFM, Jean Duns Scot, Giovanni Duns Scoto, Johannes Duns Skotus, Juan Duns Escoto, Iohannes Dunstonensis, Iohannes Scotus, John the Scot) , was one of the most important [[theology|theologians]] and [[philosopher | philosophers]] of the High [[Middle Ages]] (the others being [[Thomas Aquinas]], [[William of Ockham]] and [[Bonaventura]].  He was nicknamed ''Doctor Subtilis'' for his penetrating and subtle manner of thought.
 
The blessed '''John Duns Scotus''' (Iohannes Duns Scotus OFM, Jean Duns Scot, Giovanni Duns Scoto, Johannes Duns Skotus, Juan Duns Escoto, Iohannes Dunstonensis, Iohannes Scotus, John the Scot) , was one of the most important [[theology|theologians]] and [[philosopher | philosophers]] of the High [[Middle Ages]] (the others being [[Thomas Aquinas]], [[William of Ockham]] and [[Bonaventura]].  He was nicknamed ''Doctor Subtilis'' for his penetrating and subtle manner of thought.
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Scotus' influence on [[Roman Catholic]] thought has been considerable. The doctrines for which he is best known are the [[univocity of being]] (existence is the most abstract concept we have, applicable to everything that exists), the [[formal distinction]], a way of distinguishing between different aspects of the same thing, and the idea of [[haecceity]], a property supposed to be in each individual thing that makes it an individual.  Scotus also developed a complex argument for the [[Existence of God | existence of God]], and argued for the [[Immaculate conception]] of [[Mary]].
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Scotus' influence on [[Roman Catholic]] thought has been considerable. The doctrines for which he is best known are the [[univocity of being]] (that existence is the most abstract concept we have, applicable to everything that exists), the [[formal distinction]], a way of distinguishing between different aspects of the same thing, and the idea of [[haecceity]], a property supposed to be in each individual thing that makes it an individual.  Scotus also developed a complex argument for the [[Existence of God | existence of God]], and argued for the [[Immaculate conception]] of [[Mary]].
    
== Life ==
 
== Life ==
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==Primary sources ==
 
==Primary sources ==
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=== manuscripts ===
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* Pseudo Joh. Duns Scotus: Tractatus de Formalitatibus, Strasbourg, Bibl. Nat. & Univ. 292 (an. 1475)
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* Notabilia Scoti in Libros Topicorum:>> see article of Andrews (1998) in bibliography below
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* For an overview of manuscripts, see first of all the introductions to the latest edition of Scotus’ Opera Omnia.
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The earliest surviving manuscript of Scotus' work is Ms Bruxelles, Bibl. Royale 2908n, tentatively dated to around 1325.
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=== editions ===
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* ''Opera Omnia'', ed. Lucas Wadding, 12 Vols (Lyon: Durand, 1639; Reprint by G. Olms, Hildesheim, 1968-1968)
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* ''Opera Omnia'', ed. L. Vives, 26 Vols. (Paris, 1891-1895; Reprint by Westmead, Franborough and Hants: Gregg International Publishers, 1969).
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* ''Opera Omnia'', studio et cura Commissionis Scotisticae ad fidem codicum edita. XXI Vols, ed. C. Balic, H. Schalück, P. Modric et al. (Vatican City, 1950- ). The following volumes of this new critical edition of Scotus’ theological works have appeared so far:
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** Vol. 1: De Ordinatio I. Duns Scoti disquisitio historico-critica, Ordinatio, prologus, edited by C. Balic, M. Bodewig, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, I. Juric, I. Montalverne, S. Nanni, B. Pergamo, F.Prezioso, I. Reinhold, and O. Schäfer (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1950).
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** Vol. 2: Ordinatio I, dist. 1–2, edited by C. Balic, M. Bodewig, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, I. Juric, I. Montalverne, S. Nanni, B. Pergamo, F. Prezioso, I. Reinhold, and O. Schäfer (Città delVaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1950).
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** Vol. 3: Ordinatio I, dist. 3, edited by C. Balic, M. Bodewig, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, B. Hechich, I. Juric, B. Korosak, L. Modric, I. Montalverne, S. Nanni, B. Pergamo, F. Prezioso, I. Reinhold, and O. Schäfer (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis,1954).
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** Vol. 4: Ordinatio I, dist. 4–10, edited by C. Balic, M. Bodewig, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, B. Hechich, I. Juric, B. Korosak, L. Modric, S. Nanni, I. Reinhold, and O. Schäfer (Città del Vaticano:Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1956).
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** Vol. 5: Ordinatio I, dist. 11–25, edited by C. Balic, M. Bodewig, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, B. Hechich, I. Juric, B. Korosak, L. Modric, S. Nanni, I. Reinhold, and O. Schäfer (Città del Vaticano:Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1959).
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** Vol. 6: Ordinatio I, dist. 26–48, edited by C. Balic, M. Bodewig, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, B. Hechich, I. Juric, B. Korosak, L. Modric, S. Nanni, I. Reinhold, and O. Schäfer (Città del Vaticano:Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1963).
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** Vol. 7: Ordinatio II, dist. 1–3, edited by C. Balic, C. Barbaric, S. Buselic, B. Hechich, L. Modric, S. Nanni, R. Rosini, S. Ruiz de Loizaga, and C. Saco Alarcón (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1973).
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** Vol. 8: Ordinatio II, dist. 4–44, edited by B. Hechich, B. Huculak, J. Percan, and S. Ruiz de Loizaga (Città del Vaticano: Typis Vaticanis, 2006).
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** Vol. 9: Ordinatio III, dist. 1–17, edited by B. Hechich, B. Huculak, J.Percan, and S. Ruiz de Loizaga (Città del Vaticano: Typis Vaticanis, 2006).
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** Vol. 10: Ordinatio III, dist. 26–40, edited by B. Hechich, B. Huculak, J. Percan, and S. Ruiz de Loizaga (Città del Vaticano: Typis Vaticanis, 2007).
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** Vol. 16: Lecturaprol. – I, dist. 1–7,edited by C. Balic, M. Bodewig, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, B. Hechich, I.Juric, B. Korosak, L. Modric, S. Nanni, I. Reinhold, and O. Schäfer (Città delVaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1960).
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** Vol. 17: Lectura I, dist. 8–45, edited by C. Balic, C. Barbaric, S. Buselic, P. Capkun-Delic, B. Hechich, I. Juric, B.Korosak, L. Modric, S. Nanni, S. Ruiz de Loizaga, C. Saco Alarcón, and O. Schäfer (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1966).
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** Vol. 18: Lectura II, dist. 1–6, edited by L. Modric, S. Buselic, B. Hechich, I. Juric, I. Percan, R. Rosini, S. Ruiz de Loizaga, and C. Saco Alarcón (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1982).
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** Vol. 19: Lectura II, dist. 7–44, edited by Commissio Scotistica (Città del Vaticano: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis,1993).
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** Vol. 20: Lectura III, dist. 1–17, edited by B. Hechich, B. Huculak, J. Percan, S. Ruiz de Loizaga, and C. Saco Alarcón (Città del Vaticano: Typis Vaticanis, 2003).
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** Vol. 21: Lectura III, dist. 18–40, edited by B. Hechich, B. Huculak, J. Percan, S. Ruiz de Loizaga, and C. Saco Alarcón (Città del Vaticano: Typis Vaticanis, 2003).
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* Opera Philosophica (numerous volumes) St. Bonaventure (St. Bonaventure, New York, 1997-2006). The following volumes have appeared:
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** B. Ioannis Duns Scotus. Quaestiones in Librum Porphyrii Isagoge; Quaestiones super Praedicamenta Aristotelis, edited by R. Andrews, G. Etzkorn, G. Gál, R. Green, T. Noone, and R. Wood, Opera Philosophica 1 (St. Bonaventure, N.Y.: The Franciscan Institute Press, 1999).
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** B. Ioannis Duns Scotus. Quaestiones in libros Perihermenias Aristotelis; Quaestiones Super Librum Elenchorum Aristotelis, edited by Robert R. Andrews, O. Bychkov, S. Ebbesen, G. Gál, R. Green, T. Noone, R. Plevano, A. Traver. Theoremata, edited by M. Dreyer, H. Möhle, and G. Krieger, Opera philosophica 2 (St. Bonaventure, N.Y.: Franciscan Institute Press; Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 2004).
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** B. Ioannis Duns Scotus. Quaestiones super libros Metaphysicorum Aristotelis, Libri I–V, edited by G. Etzkorn, R. Andrews, G. Gál, R. Green, F. Kelly, G. Marcil, T. Noone, and R. Wood, Opera Philosophica 3 (St. Bonaventure, N.Y.: The Franciscan Institute Press, 1997).
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** B. Ioannis Duns Scotus. Quaestiones super libros Metaphysicorum Aristotelis, Libri VI–IX, edited by G. Etzkorn, R. Andrews, G. Gál, R. Green, F. Kelly, G. Marcil, T. Noone, and R. Wood, Opera Philosophica 4 (St. Bonaventure, N.Y.: The Franciscan Institute Press, 1997).
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** B. Ioannis Duns Scotus. Quaestiones super secundum et tertium De anima, edited by C. Bazán, K. Emery, R. Green, T. Noone, R. Plevano, A. Traver, Opera philosophica 5 (Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press; St. Bonaventure, N.Y.: Franciscan Institute Press, 2006).
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* Opera Omnia. Editio Minor, I: Opera Philosophica, ed. Giovanni Lauriola, Centro Studi Personalisti ‘Giovanni Duns Scoto’ Quaderno 11 (Bari, 1998).
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* Opera Omnia. Editio Minor, II/1: Opera Theologica, ed. Giovanni Lauriola, Centro Studi Personalisti ‘Giovanni Duns Scoto’ Quaderno 12 (Bari, 1998).
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* Opera Omnia. Editio Minor, III/1: Opera Theologica, ed. Giovanni Lauriola, Quaderni scotistici, 16 (Alberobello: Editrice AGA, 2001).
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* Giovanni Scoto. Omilia sul prologo di Giovanni, ed. M. Cristiani (Vicenza, 1987). Cf. Rivista di storia e letteraturea religiosa 24 (1988), 595-598.
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* ''Quodlibeta'', transl. as ''God and creatures : the quodlibetal questions'' with an introduction, notes and glossary by Felix Alluntis and Allan B. Wolter. Imprint Princeton ; London : Princeton University Press, 1975.  xxxiv,549p ; 25cm.
    
==Secondary sources ==
 
==Secondary sources ==
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* Vos., A.  ''The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus''. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
 
* Vos., A.  ''The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus''. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.
 
* Williams, Thomas, (ed.), ''The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus.'' Cambridge University Press 2003.
 
* Williams, Thomas, (ed.), ''The Cambridge Companion to Duns Scotus.'' Cambridge University Press 2003.
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== External links ==
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* [http://faculty.cua.edu/hoffmann/Scotus-Bibliography.pdf Enormous bibliography]
    
==Notes==
 
==Notes==
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== Notability ==
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[[Category:Philosophers]]
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This philosopher has [[Bcmp Pages:=18]] pages in the ''Blackwell Companion''.
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<div style="overflow:auto;height:1px;">
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[[Bcmp Pages:=18]]
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[[Birth Date:=1265]]
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[[Flourished:=1300]]
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[[Birth_Country_Name:=England]]
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[[Death Date:=1308]]
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[[Death_City:=Cologne|[[Cologne]]]]
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[[Death_Country_Name:=Germany]]  
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</div>
Ockham
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