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− | '''Syncategoremata''' | + | In medieval logic, '''syncategoremata''' are words which are not '''categorematic''': they cannot be used on their own as a subject term or as a predicate term. Syncategorematic terms can occur in a categorical or hypothetical proposition only with at least one matched pair of categorematic words – e.g., ''only'' Socrates runs (Solus Socrates currit), Socrates does ''not'' run (Socrates non currit). |
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| + | More than fifty different words were considered in the medieval logicians' treatment of syncategoremata. |
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| == Primary sources == | | == Primary sources == |
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− | * ''Quaestiones Victorinae'' (ed. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]]) 1st half 12th century | + | * ''Quaestiones Victorinae'' 1st half 12th century |
| + | ** In [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]], ''Logica Modernorum'' Vol. 2, Assen: Van Gorcum 1967. |
| * ''Tractatus de univocatione'' (ed. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]]) 3rd quarter 12th century | | * ''Tractatus de univocatione'' (ed. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]]) 3rd quarter 12th century |
| * ''Ars Emmerana'' (ed. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]]) 3rd quarter 12th century | | * ''Ars Emmerana'' (ed. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]]) 3rd quarter 12th century |
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| * [[Nicholas of Paris]] ''Syncategoremata'' (ed. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]]) c. 1250 | | * [[Nicholas of Paris]] ''Syncategoremata'' (ed. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|de Rijk]]) c. 1250 |
| * ''Quoniam ignoratis communibus'' (exc. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Martin Grabmann|Grabmann]]) c. 1250 | | * ''Quoniam ignoratis communibus'' (exc. [[Directory:Logic Museum/Martin Grabmann|Grabmann]]) c. 1250 |
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| + | == References == |
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| + | * Kretzmann, Norman. "Syncategoremata, exponibilia, sophismata." [[Directory:Logic Museum/The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy|The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy]] |