Changes

  company_logo  = [[Image:IBM_logo.png|150px|IBM logo]] |

  company_logo  = [[Image:IBM_logo.png|150px|IBM logo]] |

  company_slogan = ''Big Blue'' |

  company_slogan = ''Big Blue'' |

  company_type  = [[Company_Type:=Public|[[Public Company|Public]]]] ([[Exchange:=NYSE|[[New York Stock Exchange|NYSE]]]]: [[Symbol:=IBM|[http://www.nyse.com/about/listed/lcddata.html?ticker=IBM IBM]]]) |

  company_type  = [[Company_Type:=Public|[[Public Company|Public]]]] ([[Exchange:=NYSE|[[New York Stock Exchange|NYSE]]]]: [[Stock Symbol:=IBM|[http://www.nyse.com/about/listed/lcddata.html?ticker=IBM IBM]]])|

genre = |

  foundation  = [[Year_Started:=1888|[[1888]]]], incorporated [[1911]] |

  foundation  = [[Year_Started:=1888|[[1888]]]], incorporated [[1911]] |

  founder = |

  founder = |

  num_employees = [[Employees:=329373|329,373]] (2005)<ref name="reuters"/> |

  num_employees = [[Employees:=329373|329,373]] (2005)<ref name="reuters"/> |

  parent = |

  parent = |

  subsid    = [[Subsidiary1:=ADSTAR|[[Directory:ADSTAR|ADSTAR]]]]<br>[[Subsidiary2:=Informix|[[Directory:Informix|Informix]]]]<br/>[[Subsidiary3:=Iris Associates|[[Directory:Iris Associates|Iris Associates]]]]<br/>[[Subsidiary4:=Lotus Software|[[Directory:Lotus Software|Lotus Software]]]]<br>[[Subsidiary5:=Rational Software|[[Directory:Rational Software|Rational Software]]]]<br>[[Directory:Sequent Computer Systems|Sequent Computer Systems]]<br>[[Directory:Tivoli Systems|Tivoli Systems]] |

  subsid    = [[Has Subsidiary::Directory:ADSTAR|ADSTAR]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Informix|Informix]]<br/>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Iris Associates|Iris Associates]]<br/>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Lotus Software|Lotus Software]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Rational Software|Rational Software]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Sequent Computer Systems|Sequent Computer Systems]]<br>[[Has Subsidiary::Directory:Tivoli Systems|Tivoli Systems]] |

  owner = |

  owner = |

  contact = [[Legal_Name:=International Business Machines Corporation]]<br>[[Address:=1 Corporate Plaza, Suite 100]]<br>Armonk, [[State_Code:=NY]]&nbsp; [[Country_Code:=US]]&nbsp; [[Zip:=92615]]-[[Plus4:=1234]]<br>[[Phone:=714.964.2610]]&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Fax:=714.964.2615]]<br>[[Web:=www.ibm.com|[http://www.ibm.com www.ibm.com]]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Email:=webmaster@ibm.com|[mailto:webmaster@ibm.com Mail]]]|

  contact = [[Legal_Name:=International Business Machines Corporation]]<br>[[Address:=1 Corporate Plaza, Suite 100]]<br>Armonk, [[State_Code:=NY]]&nbsp; [[Country_Code:=US]]&nbsp; [[Zip:=10504]]-[[Plus4:=1783]]<br>[[Phone:=914.499.1900]]&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Fax:=914.765.7382]]<br>[[Web:=www.ibm.com|[http://www.ibm.com www.ibm.com]]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Email:=webmaster@ibm.com|[mailto:webmaster@ibm.com Mail]]]|

  reference = [[Year End]]: [[Year End:=1231|12/31]]<br>[[DUNS]]: [[DUNS:=95-123456]]<br>[[CIK]]: [[CIK:=0000123356]]<br>[[NAICS]]:[[NAICS_Code1:=33411]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code2:=51121]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code3:=54169]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code4:=54151]]|

  reference = [[Year End]]: [[Year End:=1231|12/31]]<br>[[DUNS]]: [[DUNS:=95-123456]]<br>[[CIK]]: [[CIK Number:=0000123356]]<br>[[NAICS]]:[[NAICS_Code1:=33411]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code2:=51121]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code3:=54169]]&nbsp;[[NAICS_Code4:=54151]]<br>[[Entity Type|Entity]]: [[Entity_Type:=Corporation|[[Corporation]]]]|

  footnotes =

  footnotes =

}}

}}

'''International Business Machines Corporation''' ('''IBM''', or '''Big Blue'''; {{nyse|IBM}}) is a [[multinational corporation|multinational]] [[computer]] [[technology]] [[corporation]] headquartered in [[Armonk]], [[Located in::New York]], [[United States|USA]]. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century; it was founded in [[1888]] and incorporated (as [[Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (CTR)]]) on June 15, [[1911]], and listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1916. IBM manufactures and sells [[computer hardware]], [[computer software|software]], infrastructure services, [[Internet hosting service|hosting services]], and [[consultant|consulting services]] in areas ranging from [[mainframe computer]]s to [[nanotechnology]]<ref>http://domino.research.ibm.com/comm/research.nsf/pages/r.nanotech.html</ref>. With almost 330,000 employees worldwide and revenues of [[United States dollar|US $]]91 billion<ref name="morningstar"/> annually (figures from 2005), IBM is the largest [[information technology]] company in the world, and holds more [[patent]]s than any other technology company.<ref name="patents">{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/news/us/en/2006/01/2006_01_10.html| title=IBM maintains patent lead, moves to increase patent quality| date=[[2006-01-10]]|}}</ref>

 

'''International Business Machines Corporation''' ('''IBM''', or '''Big Blue'''; {{nyse|IBM}}) is a [[multinational corporation|multinational]] [[computer]] [[technology]] [[corporation]] headquartered in [[Directory:Armonk, New York|Armonk]], [[Directory:New York|New York]], [[Directory:United States|USA]]. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century; it was founded in [[1888]] and incorporated (as [[Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (CTR)]]) on June 15, [[1911]], and listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1916. IBM manufactures and sells [[computer hardware]], [[computer software|software]], infrastructure services, [[Internet hosting service|hosting services]], and [[consultant|consulting services]] in areas ranging from [[mainframe computer]]s to [[nanotechnology]]<ref>http://domino.research.ibm.com/comm/research.nsf/pages/r.nanotech.html</ref>. With almost 330,000 employees worldwide and revenues of [[United States dollar|US $]]91 billion<ref name="morningstar"/> annually (figures from 2005), IBM is the largest [[information technology]] company in the world, and holds more [[patent]]s than any other technology company.<ref name="patents">{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/news/us/en/2006/01/2006_01_10.html| title=IBM maintains patent lead, moves to increase patent quality| date=[[2006-01-10]]|}}</ref>

Since 2001, services and consulting ([[Directory:IBM Global Services|IBM Global Services]]) revenues have been larger than those from manufacturing (Hardware).<ref>{{Cite book| url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/annualreport/2002/2002_ibm_ar_fr.pdf| title=2002 IBM annual report: Financial only| publisher=IBM| pages=64| format=pdf| accessdate=2006-07-23}}</ref> Significantly, IBM has also been steadily increasing its workforce in developing countries (notably, in [[Directory:IBM India|IBM India]]) and retrenching in the US and Europe.<ref name="offshoring">{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_23/b3987093.htm|title=Big Blue Shift| date = [[2006-06-05]]|accessdate=2006-08-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_23/b3987098.htm| title=IBM wakes up to India's skills|date=[[2006-06-05]]|accessdate=2006-08-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financegates.com/news/business_news/2005-05-05/ibm_05052005.html|title=IBM cuts 13000 employees, mostly in Europe|accessdate=2006-06-25|date=[[2005-05-05]]}}</ref> [[Directory:Samuel J. Palmisano|Samuel J. Palmisano]] was elected [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] on January 29, [[2002]] after having led IBM's Global Services, and helping it to become a business with $100 billion in backlog in 2004.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/ibm/sjp/bio.html| title=Personal biography| date=March [[2006]]}}</ref> Palmisano replaced [[Directory:Louis V. Gerstner|Louis V. Gerstner]], who held the job from 1993 to 2002, taking over from John Akers, who left during a period of financial difficulty for the company.

Since 2001, services and consulting ([[Directory:IBM Global Services|IBM Global Services]]) revenues have been larger than those from manufacturing (Hardware).<ref>{{Cite book| url=ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/annualreport/2002/2002_ibm_ar_fr.pdf| title=2002 IBM annual report: Financial only| publisher=IBM| pages=64| format=pdf| accessdate=2006-07-23}}</ref> Significantly, IBM has also been steadily increasing its workforce in developing countries (notably, in [[Directory:IBM India|IBM India]]) and retrenching in the US and Europe.<ref name="offshoring">{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_23/b3987093.htm|title=Big Blue Shift| date = [[2006-06-05]]|accessdate=2006-08-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_23/b3987098.htm| title=IBM wakes up to India's skills|date=[[2006-06-05]]|accessdate=2006-08-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financegates.com/news/business_news/2005-05-05/ibm_05052005.html|title=IBM cuts 13000 employees, mostly in Europe|accessdate=2006-06-25|date=[[2005-05-05]]}}</ref> [[Directory:Samuel J. Palmisano|Samuel J. Palmisano]] was elected [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] on January 29, [[2002]] after having led IBM's Global Services, and helping it to become a business with $100 billion in backlog in 2004.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibm.com/ibm/sjp/bio.html| title=Personal biography| date=March [[2006]]}}</ref> Palmisano replaced [[Directory:Louis V. Gerstner|Louis V. Gerstner]], who held the job from 1993 to 2002, taking over from John Akers, who left during a period of financial difficulty for the company.

===Gaming===

===Gaming===

IBM develops processing chips for [[video game console|gaming consoles]]. The [[Xbox 360]] contains IBM's tri-core chipset [[Xenon (processor)|Xenon]]. At the request of [[Microsoft]], IBM was able to design the chip and ramp up to production volumes in less than 24 months (with co-production at [[Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing]] in Singapore.)<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www-03.ibm.com/chips/news/2005/1025_xbox.html| title=IBM delivers Power-based chip for Microsoft Xbox 360 worldwide launch| publisher=IBM| date=[[2005-10-25]]}}</ref> Meanwhile, Sony's [[PlayStation 3]] will feature the [[Cell microprocessor|Cell]], a new chip designed by IBM, [[Toshiba]], and Sony in a joint venture. The Cell processor is already slated for use in other systems (Toshiba plans to use it on [[High-definition television|HDTVs]]), unlike the Xbox 360 chip, whose plans are owned by Microsoft. The [[Wii]] will (like its predecessor, the [[Nintendo GameCube|GameCube]]) feature an IBM chip (codenamed [[Broadway (microprocessor)|Broadway]]).

IBM develops processing chips for [[video game console|gaming consoles]]. The [[Xbox 360]] contains IBM's tri-core chipset [[Xenon (processor)|Xenon]]. At the request of [[Microsoft]], IBM was able to design the chip and ramp up to production volumes in less than 24 months (with co-production at [[Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing]] in Singapore.) Meanwhile, Sony's [[PlayStation 3]] will feature the [[Cell microprocessor|Cell]], a new chip designed by IBM, [[Toshiba]], and Sony in a joint venture. The Cell processor is already slated for use in other systems (Toshiba plans to use it on [[High-definition television|HDTVs]]), unlike the Xbox 360 chip, whose plans are owned by Microsoft. The [[Wii]] will (like its predecessor, the [[Nintendo GameCube|GameCube]]) feature an IBM chip (codenamed [[Broadway (microprocessor)|Broadway]]).

In May 2002, IBM and Butterfly.net, Inc. announced the Butterfly Grid, a commercial [[grid computing|grid]] for the online video gaming market.<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www-03.ibm.com/industries/media/doc/content/news/pressrelease/359248111.html| title= Butterfly and IBM introduce first video game industry computing grid| date=[[2002-05-09]]| publisher=IBM}}</ref> In March 2006, IBM announced separate agreements with Hoplon Infotainment, Online Game Services Incorporated (OGSI) and RenderRocket. The deals included on-demand (for Hoplon Infotainment and RenderRocket) and [[blade server]]s (for OGSI).<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www-03.ibm.com/industries/media/doc/content/news/pressrelease/1551338111.html| title= IBM joins forces with game companies around the world to accelerate innovation| date=[[2006-03-21]]| publisher=IBM}}</ref>

In May 2002, IBM and Butterfly.net, Inc. announced the Butterfly Grid, a commercial [[grid computing|grid]] for the online video gaming market. In March 2006, IBM announced separate agreements with Hoplon Infotainment, Online Game Services Incorporated (OGSI) and RenderRocket. The deals included on-demand (for Hoplon Infotainment and RenderRocket) and [[blade server]]s (for OGSI).

==Big Blue==

==Big Blue==

==Board of directors==

==Board of directors==

Current members of the [[board of directors]] of IBM are: [[Cathleen Black]], [[Ken Chenault]], [[Juergen Dormann]], [[Michael Eskew]], [[Shirley Ann Jackson]], [[Charles F. Knight]], [[Minoru Makihara]], [[Lucio Noto]], [[James W. Owens]] (effective 1 March 2006), [[Samuel J. Palmisano]], [[Joan Spero]], [[Sidney Taurel]], [[Charles Vest]], and [[Lorenzo Zambrano]].

Current members of the [[board of directors]] of IBM are: [[Cathleen Black]], [[Ken Chenault]], [[Juergen Dormann]], [[Michael Eskew]], [[Shirley Ann Jackson]], [[Charles F. Knight]], [[Minoru Makihara]], [[Lucio Noto]], [[James W. Owens]] (effective 1 March 2006), [[Samuel J. Palmisano]], [[Joan Spero]], [[Sidney Taurel]], [[Charles Vest]], and [[Lorenzo Zambrano]].

==References and footnotes==

==References and footnotes==