Changes

During the Revolutionary War, in August 1777, [[George Washington]] and his colonial army took positions along Red Clay Creek near Brandywine Springs to defend against a British advance on Philadelphia.  British forces under [[Earl Cornwallis]] headed for Washington's position while a separate force under Sir [[William Howe]] flanked the colonials to the north, forcing Washington to withdraw across the Brandywine Creek on September 9.  Washington chose to hold at some hills next to Chad's Ford on the Brandywine.<ref>[http://www.johnsmilitaryhistory.com/coochsbridge.html Cooch's Bridge]</ref>

During the Revolutionary War, in August 1777, [[George Washington]] and his colonial army took positions along Red Clay Creek near Brandywine Springs to defend against a British advance on Philadelphia.  British forces under [[Earl Cornwallis]] headed for Washington's position while a separate force under Sir [[William Howe]] flanked the colonials to the north, forcing Washington to withdraw across the Brandywine Creek on September 9.  Washington chose to hold at some hills next to Chad's Ford on the Brandywine.<ref>[http://www.johnsmilitaryhistory.com/coochsbridge.html Cooch's Bridge]</ref>

On September 11, Howe and Cornwallis 18,000 soldiers attacked Washington's 11,000 men at Chad's Ford, resulting in the [[Battle of Brandywine]].  Washington's men held off the British for much of the day, but were finally outflanked and forced to concede the field.  The British did not immediately pursue and Washington's army, having suffered around 1,200 casualties, was able to escape to Germantown.<ref>[http://www.sonofthesouth.net/revolutionary-war/battles/battle-brandywine.htm Battle on the Brandywine]</ref>

On September 11, Howe and Cornwallis 18,000 soldiers attacked Washington's 11,000 men at Chad's Ford, resulting in the [[Battle of Brandywine]].  Washington's men held off the British for much of the day, but were finally outflanked and forced to concede the field.  The British, having marched for much of the previous night and needing rest, did not immediately pursue, and Washington's army, having suffered around 1,200 casualties, was able to escape to Germantown.<ref>[http://www.sonofthesouth.net/revolutionary-war/battles/battle-brandywine.htm Battle on the Brandywine]</ref>

==Hotel and spa==

==Hotel and spa==

A nice hotel was built.

In 1827, work began on what would later be designed as an elegant hotel on the property. An 1830s design of an expansive spa resort was executed by [[Thomas Ustick Walter]], the fourth architect of the U.S. Capitol Building.

In 1853, Captain Alden Partridge organized a large fundraising meeting in [[Directory:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]],<ref name=Syracuse_Evening_Chronicle>Syracuse Evening Chronicle,  ''[http://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%20Disk3/Syracuse%20NY%20Evening%20Chronicle%20Grayscale/Syracuse%20NY%20Evening%20Chronicle%201853%20grayscale.pdf/Syracuse%20NY%20Evening%20Chronicle%201853%20grayscale%20-%200252.pdf All Sorts]'', April 22, 1853.</ref> in support of his idea to launch a military academy on the site of Brandywine Springs, which came to fruition on May 16, 1853, as the National Scientific and Military Academy.  However, in December of that same year, the buildings burned down.<ref name=Ellis>William Arba Ellis,  ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=55caAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA401&dq=%22National+Scientific+and+Military+Academy%22&ei=nyaISve5I4jWzASe8MDVDQ#v=onepage&q=%22National%20Scientific%20and%20Military%20Academy%22&f=false Norwich University, 1819-1911]'', The Capitol city press, 1911.</ref>

In 1853, Captain Alden Partridge organized a large fundraising meeting in [[Directory:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]],<ref name=Syracuse_Evening_Chronicle>Syracuse Evening Chronicle,  ''[http://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%20Disk3/Syracuse%20NY%20Evening%20Chronicle%20Grayscale/Syracuse%20NY%20Evening%20Chronicle%201853%20grayscale.pdf/Syracuse%20NY%20Evening%20Chronicle%201853%20grayscale%20-%200252.pdf All Sorts]'', April 22, 1853.</ref> in support of his idea to launch a military academy on the site of Brandywine Springs, which came to fruition on May 16, 1853, as the National Scientific and Military Academy.  However, in December of that same year, the buildings burned down.<ref name=Ellis>William Arba Ellis,  ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=55caAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA401&dq=%22National+Scientific+and+Military+Academy%22&ei=nyaISve5I4jWzASe8MDVDQ#v=onepage&q=%22National%20Scientific%20and%20Military%20Academy%22&f=false Norwich University, 1819-1911]'', The Capitol city press, 1911.</ref> The hotel was rebuilt and continued operation for a number of decades.

During the American Civil War, a temporary "Camp DuPont" was established on the grounds. First established May [[1861]], the camp was home to the Fourth Regiment, Delaware Volunteer Infantry from June through October [[1862]], whence they moved to a camp of the same name near Kennett Pike (now Route 52). The remustered First Delaware Regiment then camped here in February [[1864]], following a 30-day furlough before returning to active service for the Union side in Virginia.  The camp was named in honor of Rear Admiral Samuel F. DuPont.<ref name=Del_Archives>State of Delaware, Department of State, ''[http://archives.delaware.gov/markers/ncc/NC-79.shtml Delaware Public Archives]'', historical markers program. Contact: Moira Conlan.</ref>

During the American Civil War, a temporary "Camp DuPont" was established on the grounds. First established May [[1861]], the camp was home to the Fourth Regiment, Delaware Volunteer Infantry from June through October [[1862]], whence they moved to a camp of the same name near Kennett Pike (now Route 52). The remustered First Delaware Regiment then camped here in February [[1864]], following a 30-day furlough before returning to active service for the Union side in Virginia.  The camp was named in honor of Rear Admiral Samuel F. DuPont.<ref name=Del_Archives>State of Delaware, Department of State, ''[http://archives.delaware.gov/markers/ncc/NC-79.shtml Delaware Public Archives]'', historical markers program. Contact: Moira Conlan.</ref>