Difference between revisions of "Sophismata"

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'''Sophismata''' (from the Latin plural of the Greek word meaning 'sophism') im [[Medieval philosophy]] are difficult or puzzling sentences presenting difficulties of logical analysis that must be solved.  Sophismata-literature grew in importance during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and many important developments in philosophy (particularly in logic and natural philosophy) occurred as a result of investigations into ''sophismata''.  
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'''Sophismata''' (from the Latin plural of the [[Directory:Greece|Greek]] word meaning 'sophism') in [[Medieval philosophy]] are difficult or puzzling sentences presenting difficulties of logical analysis that must be solved.  Sophismata-literature grew in importance during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and many important developments in philosophy (particularly in logic and natural philosophy) occurred as a result of investigation into their logical and semantic properties.
  
 
==Sophismata ==
 
==Sophismata ==
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== Primary Sources ==
 
== Primary Sources ==
  
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{| border=1 cellpadding=10"
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|| Author || Collection || Manuscripts
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|| Anonymus || Abstractiones Digbeianae || Oxf. Bodl. Digby 2 : 123r-140v.
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    <td><img src="Images/Ti_colllist_noir.gif" width="480" height="20"></td>
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|| Anonymus || Abstractiones Regiae || London BL Royal 12.F.xix: 112vA-115rB.
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|| Anonymus || Abstractiones Venetae || Ven. Marc. Z. 302: 167vA-170vA.
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
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  </tr>
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|| Anonymus || Ars sophistica (Dist. 2.26) || Praha MK M.80 : 155vB-156vB (?)
  <tr>
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    <td><div align="left"><strong><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Liste
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|| Anonymus || De hac dictione 'semper' || Paris BN lat. 8802 (26v.)
        des textes contenant des sophismata logiques du d&eacute;but du XIIIe  
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        si&egrave;cle au d&eacute;but du XIVe.</font></strong><br>
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|| Anonymus || De hoc verbo 'vult' || Paris BN lat. 3454 (163r.)
        <font size="2">(Cette liste ne pr&eacute;tend pas &agrave; l'exhaustivit&eacute;
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        - elle est susceptible de modifications.)</font></div></td>
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|| Anonymus || De signativis dictionibus || Cambr. [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Caius|Gonville & Caius]] 434/434: 21vA-22vB.
  </tr>
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|- valign = top
</table>
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|| Anonymus || Distinctiones 2.21 || Avranches BN 224: 1r-3v..
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Distinctiones 2.22 (Sophistaria Morguntina) || Meinz, Stadtbibliothek 616, 1rA-29vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Distinctiones 2.23 || Paris 4720A: 45rA-52vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Distinctiones Parisienses "Notandum" || Paris BN lat. 4720A: 67vA-69vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Distinctiones sophismatum " circa singula " (Dist. 2.25(1)) || Paris BN lat. 15170: 24rA-34vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Distinctiones sophismatum 2.25(2) || Paris BN lat. 15170: 35rA-36rA.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Distinctiones sophismatum 2.25(3) || Paris BN lat. 15170: 58rB…
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Opus puerorum || Ms Amiens, BM, 406: 130rA-154vA.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Regulae syncategorematum || Ms Vat. Lat. 4546 Ir-v+1r-11r.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata de signativis universalibus || Ms Erfurt, CA 4o276: 2rA-4rB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophisma ? || Cambr. G.&C. 512/543 (~5-6.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophisma " Nihil nihil est " || Paris BN lat. 3454: 184v.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata || Paris BN lat. 16618: 137r-152v.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata || Paris BN lat. 15170 (~52v-53v.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata || Madrid 1565: 79rA-113rA + 105-113 ?
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Canonicana media || Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class. Lat. 311: 35vA-36vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Canonicana posteriora || Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class. Lat. 311: 37rA-40vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Canonicana priora || Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class. Lat. 311: 9rA-33vA.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata determinata a maioribus magistris Parisius tam gallicis quam anglicis || Vat. lat. 7678:1rA-72vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata gramaticalia || Paris BN lat. 3454: 45rA-48rA.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Ionannina altera || Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 87r-93v.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Ionannina prima || Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 75rA-75vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Ionannina quarta || Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 96r-100r.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Ionannina quinta || Cambr. St. John’s College D.25:107rA-112vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Ionannina tertia || Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 95(bis)r.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata monacensia 3852 || Ms München, BSB, clm 3852: 44rA-53vA.
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Norimbergensia || Nürnberg, Stadtbibliothek, Cent.V.21: 54r-58r, 77v-79v, 125rA-B.
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Orielensia || Oxford, Bodlian Lib. Oriel 33: 385vA-410vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Palatina || Vat. Pal. lat. 1202: 245r-250r & 279r-288v.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Parisina 16089 || Paris, BN lat. 16089?
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Parisina nal 1374 || Ms Paris, BNF, n.a.l. 1374: 87rA-109rA
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Pragensia || Praha Mk 83 : 1-66vB ?
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Upsaliensia || MS Uppsala, BU, C.604: 82rA-92vB
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata variorum || Cambridge, [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Caius|Gonville & Caius]]. 611/341: 47vB-60vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Vaticana 14812 || Vat. lat. 14812 (formerly 14718.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Vaticana 3061 || Vat. lat. 3061: 22vA-45rA.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Vaticana Palatina 1202 || Vat. Pal. Lat. 1202, 245-250.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Veneta altera || Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 170vA-176vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Veneta prima || Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 56rA-119vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Veneta tertia || Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 194vB-195rA & 190rA-194vB, 196rB-198vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Veneta Ultima || Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 199rA-240vA.
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|| Anonymus || Sophismata Wigorniensia || [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Worcester_Cathedral_Library|Worcester]] Q.13 : 21-53 + 22v-66v + 74r-76r.
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|| Anonymus || Tractatus de distinctionibus sophismatum, De Rijk 2.13 || Cambridge [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Caius|Gonville & Caius]] 344/540; Erfurt 4° 276.
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|| Anonymus || Tractatus Florianus de solutionibus sophismatum || Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Sankt Florian, Stiftsbiliothek XI, 632: 42rA-51vB.)
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|| Anonymus || Tractatus Vaticanus de communibus distinctionibus || Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Vat. lat. 7678: 73rA-82rA.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus || Tractatus Vaticanus de multiplicitatibus circa orationes accidentibus || Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Vat. lat. 7678: 82rB-88rA.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus (Iohannes Dacus, Petrus de Insula & al.) || Sophismata Mantuana || Mantova, BC, D. II.19.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Alani || Sophismata || Paris BN lat. 16135: 38rA-103vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Catacheus || Sophismata || Paris, BN lat. 3572: 26rA-33vB & 167vA-167rB, 169vA-B, 170rA-171vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Cracoviensis || Sophismata || Kraków BJ 649: 253rA-271vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Erfordensis || Sophismata || Erfurt WAB 4° 328: 1rA-73vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus GC466  || Quaestio sophismatica || Cambridge, [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Caius|GONVILLE & CAIUS]] 466/573: 108v.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Liberanus || Sophismata || Paris BN lat. 16135: 3rA-37rB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Oriel33(2) || Sophismata || Oxford, Oriel 33: 385vA-410vB.
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Tabarroneus || Sophismata || München BSB Clm 14522 (1-71?)
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|- valign = top
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|| Anonymus Victorinus || Sophismata || Paris BN lat. 15170 (~23r-v)
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|- valign = top
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|| Bartholomaeus de Brugis || Sophismata || Leipzig UB 1444; Vat. Pal. lat. 1202; Flaconara Mar. 11.
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|| [[Boethius of Dacia|Boethius de Dacia]] || Sophismata || Firenze Laur. St. Croce 12 sin., 3; Bruge SB 509.
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|| Dionysius de Cauda || Sophisma || Falconara Marittima, Archivio dei Frati minori delle Marche, 11: 204rA-207rA
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|| [[Walter Burley|Gualterus Burlaeus]] || De puritate artis logicae, tractatus brevior || Ed. Boehner 1955 (Los Angeles, Hoose Library 6; Vat. lat. 3066.)
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|| [[Walter Burley|Gualterus Burlaeus]] || De puritate artis logicae, tractatus longior || Ed. Boehner 1955 (Erfurt 4° 259 & 4° 291, Brugge 501, München Clm 1060.)
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|| [[Walter Burley|Gualterus Burlaeus]] || Quaest. Arist. int. || Ed. Brown 1973 (Cambridge, G.&C. 512/543 (~102-107).)
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|| Gualterus de Alliaco || Sophisma || Vat. lat. 3061 (~30-40.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Guillelmus Dalling || Sophisma || Cambridge, [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Caius|Gonville & Caius]] 512/543.
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|| Guillelmus de Hennore || Sophisma ‘Sola species definitur’ || Cambr. [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Caius|Gonville & Caius]] 512/543: 23vB & 44rA-46rB.
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|- valign = top
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|| [[William of Sherwood|Guillelmus de Shyreswode]] || Syncategoremata || Ed. O’Donnell 1941 (Paris BN lat. 16617; Oxford, Bodl., Digby 55.)
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|| [[Henry of Ghent|Henricus Gandavensis]] || Syncategoremata || Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1 (Brugge 510: 227rA-237rB; Erfurt WAB F.135: 60-85vB.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Hervaeus Sophista || Abstractiones || Ed. De Libera 1986 (Paris BN lat. 15170: 48vA-5252vA..)
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|| Iohannes Dacus, [[Peter of Auvergne|Petrus de Alvernia]], Anonymus || Sophismata || Paris BN lat. 16089.
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|| [[John le Page|Johannes Pagus]] || Syncategoremata || Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1 (Paris BN lat. 15170: 63rA-70vB, 46rA-48rB.)
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|| Matthaeus Aurelianensis  || Sophistaria || Ed. Spruyt 2001 (Barcelona, Arch. De la Corona de Aragon, Ripoll 109: 278rA-309vB; Vat. Lat. 4546: 1r-305r; Paris BN 16618: 119r-136v.)
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|- valign = top
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|| [[Nicholas of Paris|Nicolaus Parisiensis]] || Syncategoremata || Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 2 (Paris, BN lat.11412: 41r-81r.)
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|- valign = top
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|| [[Peter of Auvergne|Petrus de Alvernia]] || Sophismata || Firenze Laur. St. Croce 12 sin., 3; Brugge
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|| [[Peter of Auvergne|Petrus de Alvernia]] apud Anonymum || Sophismata variorum || Cambridge, [[Directory:Logic_Museum/Manuscripts#Caius|Gonville & Caius]] 611/341.
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|- valign = top
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|| Petrus de Colonia || Sophisma || Vat. lat. 3061: 29rB-31rB
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|- valign = top
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|| Petrus de Insula || Sophismata || Falconara Marittima, Archivio dei Frati minori delle Marche, 11: 191rB-204rA
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|- valign = top
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|| [[Peter of Spain|Petrus Hispanus]] || Syncategoreumata || Ed. De Rijk 1992.
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|- valign = top
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|| [[Radulphus Brito]]  || Sophismata || Vat. lat. 2173 ; Vat. Lat. 3061.
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|| [[Richard the Sophister|Richardus]], magister abstractionum. || Abstractiones || Oxford Digby 24 ; Brugge SB 497 .
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|| [[Robert Bacon]] || Syncategoremata || Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1 (Erfurt WAB Q.328: 74rA-93vB; Oxford Digby 204: 88rA-100vB.)
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|- valign = top
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|| Robertus Anglicus || (Sophismata?) ||
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|| [[Roger Bacon]] || Summa de sophismatibus et distinctionibus || Ed. Steele 1940 (Oxford, Digby 67: 117r-124v.)
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|| [[Siger of Courtrai|Sigerus de Cortraco]] || Sophismata || München clm 3852: 50rA- 51rA & Paris, BNF, lat. 16222: 5vA-8vA, Vat. Ottob. lat. 2520: 246v-252r.
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|| [[Simon of Faversham|Simon de Faverisham]] || Sophisma || München, Clm 3852; Vat. lat. 2173
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|}
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== Secondary Sources ==
 +
 
 +
*Bazán, Bernardo (ed.) 1974: [[Siger of Brabant|Siger de Brabant]], Écrits de logique, de morale et de physique, Philosophes Médiévaux 14, Louvain-Paris.
 +
*Braakhuis, H.A.G. 1979: De 13de Eeuwse Tractaten over Syncategorematische Termen, 2 vols, diss., Meppel, Leiden.
 +
*Braakhuis, H.A.G. & al. (eds.) 1981: English Logic and Semantics from the End of the Twelfth Century to the Time of Ockham and Burleigh, Artistarium, Supplementa I, Ingenium, Nijmegen.
 +
*Brousseau, Christine 1991: ‘Le sophisme anonyme "Amatus sum vel fui", du codex parisinus BN Lat. 16135’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 61: 147-183.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1978: ‘The Sophism ‘Rationale est animal’ by [[Radulphus Brito]]’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 24: 85-120.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1988a: ‘A Grammatical Sophisma by Nicholas of Normandy ALBUS MUSICUS EST’,[[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 56: 103-116.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1988b: ‘Stray Questions: Little Logical Notes in British and French Manuscripts’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 57: 68-80.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1989: ‘Three 13th-century Sophismata about Beginning and Ceasing’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 59: 121-180.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1992a: ‘Deus scit quicquid scivit. Two sophismata from Vat. lat. 7678 and a reference to Nominales’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 62: 179-195.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1992b: ‘Small Finds. Philosophical Texts in Erfurt, Hamburg, Oxford and Paris', [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 62: 197-218.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1993a: ‘Boethius de Dacia et al. The sophismata in mss Bruges SB 509 and Florence Med.-Laur. S. Croce 12 sin., 3', in: Read, Stephen (ed.), Sophisms in Medieval Logic and Grammar. Acts of the 9th European Symposium for Medieval Logic and Semantics, Kluwer, Dordrecht:. 45-63.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1993b: ‘ANIMAL EST OMNIS HOMO. Questions and Sophismata by Peter of Auvergne, Radulphus Brito, William Bonkes, and Others', [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 63, 145-208.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1993c: ‘Tu non cessas comedere ferrum, A Sophisma in cod. Marc. Ven. Lat. VI. 145 (2756)', [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 63: 225-230.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1994a: ‘Tractatus de signativis dictionibus’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 64: 151-163.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1994b: ‘Sophismata and Physics Commentaries’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 64: 164-195.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1995a: ‘Tantum unum est. 13th-century sophismatic discussions around the Parmenidean Thesis’, The New Schoolman 72: 175-199.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1995b: ‘Sophisma; Sophismata’, Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie 9, Schwabe & co., Basel: 1069-1075.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1995c: ‘Thirteenth-century Logic. Selected texts’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 65: 213-361.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1997a: ‘The More the Less. Natural Philosophy and Sophismata in the Thirteenth century'. In: S. Caroti & P. Souffrin (eds.), La nouvelle physique du XIVe siècle, Olschki, Firenze: 9-44.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1997b: ‘Doing Theology with Sophismata’, in: C. Marmo (ed.), Vestigia, imagines, verba. Semiotics and Logic in Medieval Theological Texts (XIIth-XIVth Century), Semiotic and Cognitive Studies 4, Brepols, Turnhout, 151-169.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 2002: ‘Communia "Visitatio" & Communia "Feminae"’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 73: 167-258.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] & Braakhuis, H.A.G. 1997: ‘Anonymi Erfordensis (= Roberti Kilwardby ?) Sophisma TANTUM UNUM EST’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 67: 105-125.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] & [[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1970: ‘Studies in the Logical Writings Attributed to Boethius de Dacia’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 3: 1-54.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] & [[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1981: ‘Bartholomew of Bruges and his Sophisma on the Nature of Logic’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 39: iii-xxvi + 1-80.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] & Sirridge, Mary & Streveler Paul 2003: ‘The Pupils of the Master of Abstractions: Abstractiones Digbeianae, Regiae & Venetae’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 74: 87-150.
 +
*Goubier, Frédéric 2003, 'Les syncatégorèmes au XIIIe siècle', Histoire Epistémologie Langage 25/II: 85-113.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Martin Grabmann|Grabmann, Martin]] 1940: Die Sophismatalitteratur des 12. und 13. Jahrhunderts mit Textausgabe eines Sophisma des Boetius von Dacien, Beiträge zur Geschrichte der Philosophie und Theologie des Mittelalters 36.1, München.
 +
*Green-Pedersen, Niels Jørgen & [[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1978: ‘Radulphus Brito: Commentary on Boethius’ De differentiis topicis & the Sophism "Omnis homo est omnis homo"’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 26: i-viii & 1-121.
 +
*Lafleur, Claude 1997: ‘Une trace de l’exégèse "artienne" de l’Institution arithmétique de Boéce : le début des Questines mathematice (ms. Paris, BnF, lat. 16390); in Lafleur (ed.) 1997: 489-520.
 +
*Lafleur, Claude (ed.) 1997: L’enseignement de la philosophie au XIIIe siècle, Studia Artistarum 5, Brepols: Turnhout.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera| Libera, Alain de]] 1985a: ‘Les Abstractiones d'Hervé le Sophiste (Hervaeus Sophista)’, AHDLMA 52: 163-230.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera| Libera, Alain de]] 1985b: 'La litterature des abstractiones et la tradition logique d'Oxford', in P.O. Lewry The Rise of British Logic, Papers in Mediaeval Studies 7, Toronto: PIMS, 1985.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera| Libera, Alain de]] 1986: ‘La litterature des Sophismata dans la tradition terministe parisienne de la seconde moitié du XIIIe siècle’, in Asztalos, Monika, ed., The Editing of Theological and Philosophical Texts from the Middle Ages, Acta Universitatis stockholmiensis, Studia Latina Stockholmiensia 30: 213-244.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera| Libera, Alain de]] 1989a: ‘Le sophisma anonyme "Socrates desinit esse non desinendo esse" du Cod. Parisinus 16135’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 59: 113-120.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera| Libera, Alain de]] 1989b: ‘La problématique de "l'instant du changement" au XIIIe siècle: Contribution à l'histoire des sophismata physicalia", in Caroti, Stefano, ed., Studies in Medieval Natural Philosophy, Biblioteca di Nuncius. Studi e testi, Olschki, Firenze: 43-93.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera| Libera, Alain de]] 1991: César et le phénix. Distinctiones et sophismata parisiens du XIIIe siècle, Centro di cultura medievale IV, Scuola normale superiore, Pisa.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera| Libera, Alain de]] 2002: ‘Omnis homo de necessitate est animal. Référence et détermination selon l’Anonymus Erfordensis Q 328 (pseudo-Robert Kilwardby)’, AHDLMA 69: 201-237.
 +
*Maier, Annelise 1964: ‘Die italienischen Averroisten des Codex Vaticanus Latinus 6768’, Manuscripta 8: 68-82.
 +
*Maurer, A. (ed.) 1983: Siger de Brabant, Quaestiones in Metaphysicam... reportation de Cambridge ... reportation de Paris, Philosophes Médiévaux 25, Editions de l'Institut Supérieur de Philosophie: Louvain-la-neuve.
 +
*Pattin, A. 1988: Pour l'histoire du sens agent, Ancient and Medieval Philosophy, De Wulf-Mansion Centre, Series I, VI, Leuven University Press.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1967a: ‘Three Unedited Sophismata of [[Siger of Courtrai|Siger of Kortrijk]]’, Classica et Mediaevalia 26 (vol. for 1965!): 276-278.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1967b: Die Entwicklung der Sprachtheorie im Mittelalter, Beiträge zur Geschrichte der Philosophie und Theologie des Mittelalters 42.2. Aschendorff & Frost-Hansen, Münster & Kopenhagen.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1971: ‘[[Simon of Faversham]]’s Sophisma Universale est intentio: A supplementary note’, Mediaeval Studies 33: 360-364.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1972: ‘The Sophismata of [[Radulphus Brito]]. An Inventory’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 8: 33-34.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1973a: ‘Addenda to "The Sophismata of Radulphus Brito", [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 9: 79.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1973b: ‘Addenda to "The Sophismata of Radulphus Brito", [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 10: 47.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1975a: ‘Die Logik der Modistae’, Studia Mediewistyczne 16: 39-97. Rp. in Pinborg (1984).
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1975b ‘Radulphus Brito’s Sophism on Second Intentions’, Vivarium 13: 119-152.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1976a: ‘A note on Vat. lat. 3061’, Bulletin de philosophie médiévale 18: 78.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1976b: ‘Magister Abstractionum’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 18: 1-4.
 +
*Pinborg , Jan (ed.) 1977: Sigerus de Cortraco, Summa modorum significandi. Sophismata, Amsterdam Studies in the Theory and History of Linguistic Science, Series III: Studies in the History of Linguistics 14, Benjamins, Amsterdam.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1981: ‘Walter Burley on Exclusives’, in: Braakhuis & al., eds., 1981: 305-329.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Jan Pinborg| Pinborg, Jan]] 1984: Medieval Semantics. Selected Studies on Medieval Logic and Grammar, Variorum, London.
 +
*Read, Stephen, ed.: 1993: Sophisms in Medieval Logic and Grammar. Acts of the 8th European Symposium for Medieval Logic and Semantics, Kluwer.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|Rijk, L.M. de]] 1962-67: Logica Modernorum I-II.1-2, Van Gorcum, Assen.
 +
*[[Directory:Logic Museum/Lambertus Marie de Rijk|Rijk, L.M. de]] 1988: Some Earlier Parisian Tracts on Distinctiones sophismatum, Artistarium 7, Ingenium, Nijmegen.
 +
*Roos, Heinrich. 1962. ‘Das Sophisma des Boetius von Dacien "Omnis homo de necessitate est animal" in dobbelter Redaktion.’ Classica et Mediaevalia 23: 178-197.
 +
*Roos, Heinrich. 1963. ‘Ein unbekanntes Sophisma des Boetius de Dacia’, Scholastik 38: 378-391.
 +
*Roos, Heinrich 1971: ‘Neuentdeckte Sophismata zum Formproblem’, Theologie und Philosophie 46: 248-256.
 +
*Roos, Heinrich 1978: ‘Drei Sophismata zum Formproblem in der Hs. Uppsala C.604’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 24: 16-54.
 +
*Rosier, Irène 1988: ‘"O Magister ...": Grammaticalité et intelligibilité selon un sophisme du XIIIe siècle’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 56: 1-102.
 +
*Rosier, Irène 1989: ‘Un sophisme grammatical modiste de maître Gauthier d’Ailly’, [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 59: 181-132.
 +
*Rosier-Catach, Irène & [[Directory:Logic Museum/Sten Ebbesen|Ebbesen, Sten]] 1997: ‘Two Roberts and Peter of Spain’ [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 67: 200-288.
 +
*Streveler, Paul, 1993: ‘A Comparative Analysis of the Treatments of Sophisms in MSS Digby 2 and Royal 12 of the Magister Abstractionum’, in Read 1993: 144-184.
 +
*Streveler, Paul 2001: [[Richard the Sophister]], The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2001 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), [http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2001/entries/richard-sophister].
 +
*Tabarroni, Andrea 1989: "'Incipit' and 'desinit' in a thirteenth-century sophismata-collection", [[Directory:Logic Museum/CIMAGL|CIMAGL]] 59: 61-111.
 +
*Weijers, Olga 1994-, Le travail intellectuel à la Faculté des arts de Paris: textes et maîtres 8ca. 1200-1500), Studia Artistarum, Brepols, Turnhout. Cited by fascicle and page.
 +
*Yokoyama, Tetsuo 1969: [[Simon of Faversham]]’s Sophisma: "Universale est intentio", Mediaeval Studies 31: 1-14.
 +
 
 +
<br>
 +
<div style="overflow:auto;height:1px;">
 +
[[Keyword:=Logic puzzles]]
 +
[[Keyword:=Difficult]]
 +
[[Keyword:=Challenging]]
 +
</div>
 
<br>
 
<br>
<table width="64%" border="0" align="center">
 
  <tr>
 
    <td><P ALIGN="LEFT">
 
      <TABLE BORDER CELLSPACING=1 BORDERCOLOR="#000000" WIDTH=623>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=48> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Auteur</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=48> <h4><B>Titre de la collection</B></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=48> <h4><B>Manuscrit(s)</B></h4></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Abstractiones
 
              Digbeianae</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Oxf. Boeidl. Dibgy 2&nbsp;:
 
              123r-140v.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Abstractiones
 
              Regiae</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>London BL Royal 12.F.xix:
 
              112vA-115rB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Abstractiones
 
              Venetae</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ven. Marc. Z. 302: 167vA-170vA.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Ars
 
              sophistica (Dist. 2.26)</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Praha MK M.80&nbsp;: 155vB-156vB
 
              (?)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>De
 
              hac dictione 'semper'</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 8802 (26v.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>De
 
              hoc verbo 'vult'</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 3454 (163r.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><strong><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>De
 
              signativis dictionibus</I></font></strong></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. Gonville &amp;
 
              Caius 434/434: 21vA-22vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Distinctiones
 
              2.21</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Avranches BN 224: 1r-3v..</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Distinctiones
 
              2.22 (Sophistaria Morguntina)</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Meinz, Stadtbibliothek
 
              616, 1rA-29vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Distinctiones
 
              2.23</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris 4720A: 45rA-52vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I><strong>Distinctiones
 
              Parisienses "Notandum"</strong></I></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 4720A: 67vA-69vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Distinctiones
 
              sophismatum &quot;&nbsp;circa singula&nbsp;&quot; (Dist. 2.25(1))</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 15170: 24rA-34vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4>TEST
 
 
<h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Distinctiones
 
              sophismatum 2.25(3)</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 15170: 58rB…</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Opus
 
              puerorum</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ms Amiens, BM, 406: 130rA-154vA.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Regulae
 
              syncategorematum</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ms Vat. Lat. 4546 Ir-v+1r-11r.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              de signativis universalibus</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ms Erfurt, CA 4o276: 2rA-4rB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma&nbsp;?</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. G.&amp;C. 512/543
 
              (~5-6.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma
 
              &quot;&nbsp;Nihil nihil est&nbsp;&quot; </I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 3454: 184v.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 16618: 137r-152v.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 15170 (~52v-53v.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Madrid 1565: 79rA-113rA
 
              + 105-113&nbsp;?</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I><strong>Sophismata
 
              Canonicana media</strong></I></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class.
 
              Lat. 311: 35vA-36vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Canonicana posteriora</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class.
 
              Lat. 311: 37rA-40vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Canonicana priora</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class.
 
              Lat. 311: 9rA-33vA.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              determinata a maioribus magistris Parisius tam gallicis quam anglicis</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. lat. 7678:1rA-72vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              gramaticalia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 3454: 45rA-48rA.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Ionannina altera</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. St. John’s College
 
              D.25: 87r-93v.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Ionannina prima</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. St. John’s College
 
              D.25: 75rA-75vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Ionannina quarta</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. St. John’s College
 
              D.25: 96r-100r.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Ionannina quinta</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. St. John’s College
 
              D.25:107rA-112vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Ionannina tertia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. St. John’s College
 
              D.25: 95(bis)r.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              monacensia 3852</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ms M&uuml;nchen, BSB,
 
              clm 3852: 44rA-53vA.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Norimbergensia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>N&uuml;rnberg, Stadtbibliothek,
 
              Cent.V.21: 54r-58r, 77v-79v, 125rA-B.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Orielensia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Oxford, Bodlian Lib. Oriel
 
              33: 385vA-410vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Palatina</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. Pal. lat. 1202: 245r-250r
 
              &amp; 279r-288v.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Parisina 16089</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris, BN lat. 16089?</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Parisina nal 1374</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ms Paris, BNF, n.a.l.
 
              1374: 87rA-109rA</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Pragensia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Praha Mk 83&nbsp;: 1-66vB&nbsp;?</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Upsaliensia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>MS Uppsala, BU, C.604:
 
              82rA-92vB</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              variorum</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambridge, G.&amp;C. 611/341:
 
              47vB-60vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Vaticana 14812</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. lat. 14812 (formerly
 
              14718.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Vaticana 3061</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. lat. 3061: 22vA-45rA.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Vaticana Palatina 1202</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. Pal. Lat. 1202, 245-250.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Veneta altera</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302:
 
              170vA-176vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Veneta&nbsp;prima</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302:
 
              56rA-119vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Veneta tertia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT FACE="CG Times (W1),Times New Roman" SIZE=2>Ven.
 
              Marc. lat. Z.302: 194</font><FONT SIZE=2>vB-195rA &amp; 190rA-194vB,
 
              196rB</FONT><FONT FACE="CG Times (W1),Times New Roman" SIZE=2>-198vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Veneta Ultima</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302:
 
              199rA-240vA.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Wigorniensia</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Worcester Q.13&nbsp;:
 
              21-53 + 22v-66v + 74r-76r.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Tractatus
 
              de distinctionibus sophismatum, De Rijk 2.13</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambridge G&amp;C 344/540;
 
              Erfurt 4° 276.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Tractatus
 
              Florianus de solutionibus sophismatum</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Sankt
 
              Florian, Stiftsbiliothek XI, 632: 42rA-51vB.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Tractatus
 
              Vaticanus de communibus distinctionibus</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Vat.
 
              lat. 7678: 73rA-82rA.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Tractatus
 
              Vaticanus de multiplicitatibus circa orationes accidentibus</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Vat.
 
              lat. 7678: 82rB-88rA.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus (Iohannes
 
              Dacus, Petrus de Insula &amp; <I>al</I>.)</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              Mantuana</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Mantova, BC, D. II.19.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Alani</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 16135: </font><FONT FACE="CG Times (W1),Times New Roman" SIZE=2>38rA-103vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Catacheus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris, BN lat. 3572: 26rA-33vB
 
              &amp; 167vA-167rB, 169vA-B, 170rA-171vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Cracoviensis</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Krak&oacute;w BJ 649:
 
              253rA-271vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Erfordensis</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Erfurt WAB 4° 328: 1rA-73vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus GC466
 
              </strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Quaestio
 
              sophismatica</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambridge, G&amp;C 466/573:
 
              108v.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Liberanus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 16135: 3rA-37rB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Oriel33(2)</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Oxford, Oriel 33: 385vA-410vB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Tabarroneus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>M&uuml;nchen BSB Clm 14522
 
              (1-71?)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Anonymus Victorinus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 15170 (~23r-v)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Bartholomaeus
 
              de Brugis</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Leipzig UB 1444; Vat.
 
              Pal. lat. 1202; Flaconara Mar. 11.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Boethius de
 
              Dacia</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Firenze Laur. St. Croce
 
              12 sin., 3; Bruge SB 509.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Dionysius de
 
              Cauda</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Falconara Marittima, Archivio
 
              dei Frati minori delle Marche, 11: 204rA-207rA</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Gualterus Burlaeus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>De
 
              puritate artis logicae, tractatus brevior</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Boehner 1955 (Los
 
              Angeles, Hoose Library 6; Vat. lat. 3066.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2"><strong>Gualterus Burlaeus</strong></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>De
 
              puritate artis logicae, tractatus longior</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Boehner 1955 (Erfurt
 
              4° 259 &amp; 4° 291, Brugge 501, M&uuml;nchen Clm 1060.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Gualterus Burlaeus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Quaest.
 
              Arist. int.</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Brown 1973 (Cambridge,
 
              G.&amp;C. 512/543 (~102-107).)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2"><strong>Gualterus de
 
              Alliaco</strong></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. lat. 3061 (~30-40.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Guillelmus
 
              Dalling</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambridge, Gonville &amp;
 
              Caius 512/543.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Guillelmus
 
              de Hennore</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma
 
              ‘Sola species definitur’</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambr. Gonville &amp;
 
              Caius 512/543: 23vB &amp; 44rA-46rB.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Guillelmus
 
              de Shyreswode</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Syncategoremata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. O’Donnell 1941 (Paris
 
              BN lat. 16617; Oxford, Bodl., Digby 55.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Henricus Gandavensis</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Syncategoremata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1
 
              (Brugge 510: 227rA-237rB; Erfurt WAB F.135: 60-85vB.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Hervaeus Sophista</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Abstractiones</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. De Libera 1986 (Paris
 
              BN lat. 15170: 48vA-5252vA..)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Iohannes Dacus,
 
              Petrus de Alvernia, Anonymus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Paris BN lat. 16089.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Johannes Pagus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Syncategoremata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1
 
              (Paris BN lat. 15170: 63rA-70vB, 46rA-48rB.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Matthaeus Aurelianensis
 
              </strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophistaria</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Spruyt 2001 (Barcelona,
 
              Arch. De la Corona de Aragon, Ripoll 109: 278rA-309vB; Vat. Lat.
 
              4546: 1r-305r; Paris BN 16618: 119r-136v.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Nicolaus Parisiensis</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Syncategoremata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 2
 
              (Paris, BN lat.11412: 41r-81r.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Petrus de Alvernia</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Firenze Laur. St. Croce
 
              12 sin., 3; Brugge</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Petrus de Alvernia
 
              apud Anonymum</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata
 
              variorum</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Cambridge, Gonville &amp;
 
              Caius 611/341.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Petrus de Colonia</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. lat. 3061: 29rB-31rB</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Petrus de Insula</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Falconara Marittima, Archivio
 
              dei Frati minori delle Marche, 11: 191rB-204rA</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Petrus Hispanus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Syncategoreumata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. De Rijk 1992.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Radulphus Brito
 
              </strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Vat. lat. 2173&nbsp;;
 
              Vat. Lat. 3061.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Richardus,
 
              magister abstractionum.</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Abstractiones</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Oxford Digby 24&nbsp;;
 
              Brugge SB 497 .</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Robert Bacon</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Syncategoremata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1
 
              (Erfurt WAB Q.328: 74rA-93vB; Oxford Digby 204: 88rA-100vB.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Robertus Anglicus</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>(Sophismata?)</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP">&nbsp;</TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Roger Bacon</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Summa
 
              de sophismatibus et distinctionibus</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>Ed. Steele 1940 (Oxford,
 
              Digby 67: 117r-124v.)</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2"><strong>Sigerus de
 
              Cortraco</strong></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophismata</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>M&uuml;nchen clm 3852:
 
              50rA- 51rA &amp; Paris, BNF, lat. 16222: 5vA-8vA, Vat. Ottob. lat.
 
              2520: 246v-252r.</FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
        <TR>
 
          <TD WIDTH="24%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><font size="2"><strong>Simon de Faverisham</strong></font></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="33%" VALIGN="TOP"> <h4><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><I>Sophisma</I></font></h4></TD>
 
          <TD WIDTH="42%" VALIGN="TOP"> <P><FONT SIZE=2>M&uuml;nchen, <I>Clm</I>
 
              3852; <I>Vat. lat</I>. 2173 </FONT></TD>
 
        </TR>
 
      </TABLE></td>
 
  </tr>
 
  <tr>
 
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
 
  </tr>
 
  <tr>
 
    <td><div align="right"><a href="Catalogue.htm" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('Image3','','Images/LiRet_2.gif',1)"><img src="Images/LiRet_1.gif" name="Image3" width="225" height="20" border="0"></a></div></td>
 
  </tr>
 
</table>
 
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
  
* [http://www.unige.ch/lettres/philo/sophismata/]
+
* [http://www.unige.ch/lettres/philo/sophismata Sophismata project] run by [[Directory:Logic Museum/Alain de Libera|Alain de Libera]] at the University of Geneva
 
* [http://www.unige.ch/lettres/philo/sophismata/Catalogue.htm Catalogue of sophismata]
 
* [http://www.unige.ch/lettres/philo/sophismata/Catalogue.htm Catalogue of sophismata]
 
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sophismata/ Sophismata] in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
 
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sophismata/ Sophismata] in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
 +
 +
[[Category:Sophismata]]

Latest revision as of 16:52, 18 April 2009

Sophismata (from the Latin plural of the Greek word meaning 'sophism') in Medieval philosophy are difficult or puzzling sentences presenting difficulties of logical analysis that must be solved. Sophismata-literature grew in importance during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and many important developments in philosophy (particularly in logic and natural philosophy) occurred as a result of investigation into their logical and semantic properties.

Sophismata

[In progress]

Primary Sources

Author Collection Manuscripts
Anonymus Abstractiones Digbeianae Oxf. Bodl. Digby 2 : 123r-140v.
Anonymus Abstractiones Regiae London BL Royal 12.F.xix: 112vA-115rB.
Anonymus Abstractiones Venetae Ven. Marc. Z. 302: 167vA-170vA.
Anonymus Ars sophistica (Dist. 2.26) Praha MK M.80 : 155vB-156vB (?)
Anonymus De hac dictione 'semper' Paris BN lat. 8802 (26v.)
Anonymus De hoc verbo 'vult' Paris BN lat. 3454 (163r.)
Anonymus De signativis dictionibus Cambr. Gonville & Caius 434/434: 21vA-22vB.
Anonymus Distinctiones 2.21 Avranches BN 224: 1r-3v..
Anonymus Distinctiones 2.22 (Sophistaria Morguntina) Meinz, Stadtbibliothek 616, 1rA-29vB.
Anonymus Distinctiones 2.23 Paris 4720A: 45rA-52vB.
Anonymus Distinctiones Parisienses "Notandum" Paris BN lat. 4720A: 67vA-69vB.
Anonymus Distinctiones sophismatum " circa singula " (Dist. 2.25(1)) Paris BN lat. 15170: 24rA-34vB.
Anonymus Distinctiones sophismatum 2.25(2) Paris BN lat. 15170: 35rA-36rA.
Anonymus Distinctiones sophismatum 2.25(3) Paris BN lat. 15170: 58rB…
Anonymus Opus puerorum Ms Amiens, BM, 406: 130rA-154vA.
Anonymus Regulae syncategorematum Ms Vat. Lat. 4546 Ir-v+1r-11r.
Anonymus Sophismata de signativis universalibus Ms Erfurt, CA 4o276: 2rA-4rB.
Anonymus Sophisma ? Cambr. G.&C. 512/543 (~5-6.)
Anonymus Sophisma " Nihil nihil est " Paris BN lat. 3454: 184v.
Anonymus Sophismata Paris BN lat. 16618: 137r-152v.
Anonymus Sophismata Paris BN lat. 15170 (~52v-53v.)
Anonymus Sophismata Madrid 1565: 79rA-113rA + 105-113 ?
Anonymus Sophismata Canonicana media Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class. Lat. 311: 35vA-36vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Canonicana posteriora Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class. Lat. 311: 37rA-40vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Canonicana priora Oxford Bodl. Canon. Class. Lat. 311: 9rA-33vA.
Anonymus Sophismata determinata a maioribus magistris Parisius tam gallicis quam anglicis Vat. lat. 7678:1rA-72vB.
Anonymus Sophismata gramaticalia Paris BN lat. 3454: 45rA-48rA.
Anonymus Sophismata Ionannina altera Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 87r-93v.
Anonymus Sophismata Ionannina prima Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 75rA-75vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Ionannina quarta Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 96r-100r.
Anonymus Sophismata Ionannina quinta Cambr. St. John’s College D.25:107rA-112vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Ionannina tertia Cambr. St. John’s College D.25: 95(bis)r.
Anonymus Sophismata monacensia 3852 Ms München, BSB, clm 3852: 44rA-53vA.
Anonymus Sophismata Norimbergensia Nürnberg, Stadtbibliothek, Cent.V.21: 54r-58r, 77v-79v, 125rA-B.
Anonymus Sophismata Orielensia Oxford, Bodlian Lib. Oriel 33: 385vA-410vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Palatina Vat. Pal. lat. 1202: 245r-250r & 279r-288v.
Anonymus Sophismata Parisina 16089 Paris, BN lat. 16089?
Anonymus Sophismata Parisina nal 1374 Ms Paris, BNF, n.a.l. 1374: 87rA-109rA
Anonymus Sophismata Pragensia Praha Mk 83 : 1-66vB ?
Anonymus Sophismata Upsaliensia MS Uppsala, BU, C.604: 82rA-92vB
Anonymus Sophismata variorum Cambridge, Gonville & Caius. 611/341: 47vB-60vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Vaticana 14812 Vat. lat. 14812 (formerly 14718.)
Anonymus Sophismata Vaticana 3061 Vat. lat. 3061: 22vA-45rA.
Anonymus Sophismata Vaticana Palatina 1202 Vat. Pal. Lat. 1202, 245-250.
Anonymus Sophismata Veneta altera Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 170vA-176vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Veneta prima Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 56rA-119vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Veneta tertia Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 194vB-195rA & 190rA-194vB, 196rB-198vB.
Anonymus Sophismata Veneta Ultima Ven. Marc. lat. Z.302: 199rA-240vA.
Anonymus Sophismata Wigorniensia Worcester Q.13 : 21-53 + 22v-66v + 74r-76r.
Anonymus Tractatus de distinctionibus sophismatum, De Rijk 2.13 Cambridge Gonville & Caius 344/540; Erfurt 4° 276.
Anonymus Tractatus Florianus de solutionibus sophismatum Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Sankt Florian, Stiftsbiliothek XI, 632: 42rA-51vB.)
Anonymus Tractatus Vaticanus de communibus distinctionibus Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Vat. lat. 7678: 73rA-82rA.)
Anonymus Tractatus Vaticanus de multiplicitatibus circa orationes accidentibus Ed. De Rijk 1988 (Vat. lat. 7678: 82rB-88rA.)
Anonymus (Iohannes Dacus, Petrus de Insula & al.) Sophismata Mantuana Mantova, BC, D. II.19.
Anonymus Alani Sophismata Paris BN lat. 16135: 38rA-103vB.
Anonymus Catacheus Sophismata Paris, BN lat. 3572: 26rA-33vB & 167vA-167rB, 169vA-B, 170rA-171vB.
Anonymus Cracoviensis Sophismata Kraków BJ 649: 253rA-271vB.
Anonymus Erfordensis Sophismata Erfurt WAB 4° 328: 1rA-73vB.
Anonymus GC466 Quaestio sophismatica Cambridge, GONVILLE & CAIUS 466/573: 108v.
Anonymus Liberanus Sophismata Paris BN lat. 16135: 3rA-37rB.
Anonymus Oriel33(2) Sophismata Oxford, Oriel 33: 385vA-410vB.
Anonymus Tabarroneus Sophismata München BSB Clm 14522 (1-71?)
Anonymus Victorinus Sophismata Paris BN lat. 15170 (~23r-v)
Bartholomaeus de Brugis Sophismata Leipzig UB 1444; Vat. Pal. lat. 1202; Flaconara Mar. 11.
Boethius de Dacia Sophismata Firenze Laur. St. Croce 12 sin., 3; Bruge SB 509.
Dionysius de Cauda Sophisma Falconara Marittima, Archivio dei Frati minori delle Marche, 11: 204rA-207rA
Gualterus Burlaeus De puritate artis logicae, tractatus brevior Ed. Boehner 1955 (Los Angeles, Hoose Library 6; Vat. lat. 3066.)
Gualterus Burlaeus De puritate artis logicae, tractatus longior Ed. Boehner 1955 (Erfurt 4° 259 & 4° 291, Brugge 501, München Clm 1060.)
Gualterus Burlaeus Quaest. Arist. int. Ed. Brown 1973 (Cambridge, G.&C. 512/543 (~102-107).)
Gualterus de Alliaco Sophisma Vat. lat. 3061 (~30-40.)
Guillelmus Dalling Sophisma Cambridge, Gonville & Caius 512/543.
Guillelmus de Hennore Sophisma ‘Sola species definitur’ Cambr. Gonville & Caius 512/543: 23vB & 44rA-46rB.
Guillelmus de Shyreswode Syncategoremata Ed. O’Donnell 1941 (Paris BN lat. 16617; Oxford, Bodl., Digby 55.)
Henricus Gandavensis Syncategoremata Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1 (Brugge 510: 227rA-237rB; Erfurt WAB F.135: 60-85vB.)
Hervaeus Sophista Abstractiones Ed. De Libera 1986 (Paris BN lat. 15170: 48vA-5252vA..)
Iohannes Dacus, Petrus de Alvernia, Anonymus Sophismata Paris BN lat. 16089.
Johannes Pagus Syncategoremata Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1 (Paris BN lat. 15170: 63rA-70vB, 46rA-48rB.)
Matthaeus Aurelianensis Sophistaria Ed. Spruyt 2001 (Barcelona, Arch. De la Corona de Aragon, Ripoll 109: 278rA-309vB; Vat. Lat. 4546: 1r-305r; Paris BN 16618: 119r-136v.)
Nicolaus Parisiensis Syncategoremata Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 2 (Paris, BN lat.11412: 41r-81r.)
Petrus de Alvernia Sophismata Firenze Laur. St. Croce 12 sin., 3; Brugge
Petrus de Alvernia apud Anonymum Sophismata variorum Cambridge, Gonville & Caius 611/341.
Petrus de Colonia Sophisma Vat. lat. 3061: 29rB-31rB
Petrus de Insula Sophismata Falconara Marittima, Archivio dei Frati minori delle Marche, 11: 191rB-204rA
Petrus Hispanus Syncategoreumata Ed. De Rijk 1992.
Radulphus Brito Sophismata Vat. lat. 2173 ; Vat. Lat. 3061.
Richardus, magister abstractionum. Abstractiones Oxford Digby 24 ; Brugge SB 497 .
Robert Bacon Syncategoremata Ed. Braakhuis 1979, 1 (Erfurt WAB Q.328: 74rA-93vB; Oxford Digby 204: 88rA-100vB.)
Robertus Anglicus (Sophismata?)
Roger Bacon Summa de sophismatibus et distinctionibus Ed. Steele 1940 (Oxford, Digby 67: 117r-124v.)
Sigerus de Cortraco Sophismata München clm 3852: 50rA- 51rA & Paris, BNF, lat. 16222: 5vA-8vA, Vat. Ottob. lat. 2520: 246v-252r.
Simon de Faverisham Sophisma München, Clm 3852; Vat. lat. 2173

Secondary Sources

  • Bazán, Bernardo (ed.) 1974: Siger de Brabant, Écrits de logique, de morale et de physique, Philosophes Médiévaux 14, Louvain-Paris.
  • Braakhuis, H.A.G. 1979: De 13de Eeuwse Tractaten over Syncategorematische Termen, 2 vols, diss., Meppel, Leiden.
  • Braakhuis, H.A.G. & al. (eds.) 1981: English Logic and Semantics from the End of the Twelfth Century to the Time of Ockham and Burleigh, Artistarium, Supplementa I, Ingenium, Nijmegen.
  • Brousseau, Christine 1991: ‘Le sophisme anonyme "Amatus sum vel fui", du codex parisinus BN Lat. 16135’, CIMAGL 61: 147-183.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1978: ‘The Sophism ‘Rationale est animal’ by Radulphus Brito’, CIMAGL 24: 85-120.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1988a: ‘A Grammatical Sophisma by Nicholas of Normandy ALBUS MUSICUS EST’,CIMAGL 56: 103-116.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1988b: ‘Stray Questions: Little Logical Notes in British and French Manuscripts’, CIMAGL 57: 68-80.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1989: ‘Three 13th-century Sophismata about Beginning and Ceasing’, CIMAGL 59: 121-180.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1992a: ‘Deus scit quicquid scivit. Two sophismata from Vat. lat. 7678 and a reference to Nominales’, CIMAGL 62: 179-195.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1992b: ‘Small Finds. Philosophical Texts in Erfurt, Hamburg, Oxford and Paris', CIMAGL 62: 197-218.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1993a: ‘Boethius de Dacia et al. The sophismata in mss Bruges SB 509 and Florence Med.-Laur. S. Croce 12 sin., 3', in: Read, Stephen (ed.), Sophisms in Medieval Logic and Grammar. Acts of the 9th European Symposium for Medieval Logic and Semantics, Kluwer, Dordrecht:. 45-63.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1993b: ‘ANIMAL EST OMNIS HOMO. Questions and Sophismata by Peter of Auvergne, Radulphus Brito, William Bonkes, and Others', CIMAGL 63, 145-208.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1993c: ‘Tu non cessas comedere ferrum, A Sophisma in cod. Marc. Ven. Lat. VI. 145 (2756)', CIMAGL 63: 225-230.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1994a: ‘Tractatus de signativis dictionibus’, CIMAGL 64: 151-163.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1994b: ‘Sophismata and Physics Commentaries’, CIMAGL 64: 164-195.
  • Ebbesen, Sten 1995a: ‘Tantum unum est. 13th-century sophismatic discussions around the Parmenidean Thesis’, The New Schoolman 72: 175-199.
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