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Chakavian Slavs settled in today’s Dalmatian Hinterland (Shokavian Slavs settled in area around today’s Kosovo). Later they started to interact, spread and integrate with the inhabitants of the region that were there prior to their arrival. This being mainly the Romans and others (i.e. Illyrians, Liburnians, Greeks).
Chakavian Slavs settled in today’s Dalmatian Hinterland (Shokavian Slavs settled in area around today’s Kosovo). Later they started to interact, spread and integrate with the inhabitants of the region that were there prior to their arrival. This being mainly the Romans and others (i.e. Illyrians, Liburnians, Greeks).
The third group was later heavily influenced by historical events of the Ottoman invasion (the Turks defeated the Serbian army in 1371). These group of peoples started migrating west as well as Shokavian Slavs (certain Shokavian Slavs groups started identify themselves as Serbs now). These late medieval migrations laid down some of the language dialects in the Western Balkans that we have today. An example of this is evident in today's modern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the old Republic of Ragusa (Dubrovnik) where the Slavic people within these regions became predominately Slavic Shokavian speakers.
The language groupings were later heavily influenced by historical events of the Ottoman invasion (the Turks defeated the Serbian army in 1371). These group of peoples started migrating west as well as Shokavian Slavs (certain Shokavian Slavs groups started identify themselves as Serbs now). These late medieval migrations laid down some of the language dialects in the Western Balkans that we have today. An example of this is evident in today's modern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the old Republic of Ragusa (Dubrovnik) where the Slavic people within these regions became predominately Slavic Shokavian speakers.
It was in this historical environment that the standardise language arrived (Serbo-Croatian) or it could be said '''enforced''' by governments. Thanks to the old Yugoslav and Austro-Hungarian education system communities now in the region started be influenced by standardise language. It is interesting that the issue of certain ''Croatian Dialects'' how little is mention of the non Slavic words that are present in there vocabulary i.e. Korcula Dialects.
It was in this historical environment that the standardise language arrived (Serbo-Croatian) or it could be said '''enforced''' by governments. Thanks to the old Yugoslav and Austro-Hungarian education system communities now in the region started be influenced by standardise language. It is interesting that the issue of certain ''Croatian Dialects'' how little is mention of the non Slavic words that are present in there vocabulary i.e. Korcula Dialects.
After the '''Napoleonic Wars''' the political situation stated to change and one of them was the nationalistic movement of the 19th century. In the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia within the Austro-Hungarian Empire a [[Croatia|Croatian]] nationalistic movement was established and alongside that, within the Balkan region a Pan-Slavic movement was growing (the beginnings of the ill fated Yugoslavia). These political on goings started to be felt in the Kingdom of Dalmatia (also part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire). The Austrians in the 1860s started to introduce within the Kingdom of Dalmatia a standardised Croatian language sometimes referred to as '''Illirski'''.<ref> Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (an 19 century [[United Kingdom|English]] historian. October 5, 1797 – October 29, 1875)
*He too referred to the Dalmatian Slavic dialect as Illirskee. Cited from [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=K7oAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA256&dq=Statute+of+Curzola+korcula&hl=en&ei=ZAtdTJ7lF5ivcI-m3NsO&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=naski&f=false Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a Journey to Mostar in Herzegovina] by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson. (p33)</ref> It then replaced Italian altogether. In effect the government undertook culture genocide. For centuries the Italian language was the official language of the Dalmatian establishment. It was also the spoken language in white-collar, civil service and merchant families. <ref> Osnovna Škola "Vela Luka" Vela Luka Zbornik-150 Godina Školstva u Velaoj Luci (in Croatian-p8)
* The Early Beginnings of Formal Education - Vela Luka (beginnings of literacy and Lower Primary School 1857 – 1870):
"The article analyses the preparations for the foundation of the first regular primary school in Vela Luka (Vallegrande) based on numerous archival materials and bibliography. The school was founded as '''''Scuola Elementare Minore''''' in 1857. The introductory part examines a general context, i.e. development of Vela Luka as a town and a parish until the-mid 19th century. The article also gives a brief outline of formal education of girls."</ref>
The process of creating a standardised Croatian language was incomplete. This is reflected in its labelling of the language as Croatian, Croatian-Serbo and the very unpopular Serbo-Croatian. This was a fundamental mistake made when political extremist ideology influenced decision-making regarding language and culture. It was an attempt at imitating Western imperial empire building egotism (a super Southern Slav State), which failed. Note below: {{Cquote|''Robert Greenberg, the foremost English-language scholar on South Slav languages, believes the root of the language polemic lies in the Vienna agreement of 1850, which “reversed several centuries of natural Abstand developments for the languages of Orthodox Southern Slavs and Catholic Southern Slavs.” (Greenberg 2004, 23) Croatians and Serbians came to the negotiating table with differing experiences. Serbian linguists were standardizing a single dialect of rural speech and breaking with the archaic Slaveno-Serbian heritage of the eighteenth century “Serbian enlightenment.” Early [[Croatia|Croat]] nationalists proposed a standard language based on a widely spoken dialect linked with the literature of the Croatian Renaissance. With an eye towards South Slav unity they also encouraged liberal borrowing from various dialects (Greenberg 2004, 24-26). This basic difference in approach created conflicts throughout the history of the South Slav movement and the Yugoslav state (Greenberg 2004, 48).'' <ref>[http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:W0qJaxFWySwJ:sdsu-dspace.calstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10211.10/1223/Young_Mitchell.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1+In+1850,+a+small+group+of+Croatians+(Illyrian+movement)+and+Serbian+representatives+signed+the+%22Vienna+agreement%22.+This+agreement+was+indeed+the+basis+and+the+start+of+the+regions+problems.&hl=en&gl=au&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiUqvX7PsU9eqoabBdAydnIJGhg51U28ot5XwTzQZDbK7bH-BgJ7fyGBN9H9SdJKGMzWprhDP9eE2AKI1AGvDD_AiTJpS-r-wJ6t_SQ-Vnzab_0q8mnDaQRty_pi92eS6e8YnzW&sig=AHIEtbSXRBZ8GEgv-6ybIMgyJPm3G06yBw LANGUAGE AND NATION: AN ANALYSIS OF CROATIAN LINGUISTIC NATIONALISM - A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of San Diego State (p43)]
</ref>}}
A process of [[Croatisation]] of the Republic of Ragusa's history began in the 19th century and this process is still continuing today. This process happened firstly in relation to the Ragusan-Slavic history and later with the Ragusan-Italianic history. In relation to this Croatisation of history, '''Gianfrancesco Gondola''' (1589 -1638) a Ragusan Baroque poet from Republic of Ragusa has ''become'' a Croatian Baroque poet called Ivan Gundulić from Dubrovnik, Croatia.
Ivan Gundulic wrote many works in Italian and Slavic (today referred to as Croatian<ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/172803/Dubrovnik|title="Dubrovnik." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-03-8}}</ref>). One of these was the Slavic poem [http://books.google.com/books?id=J8coAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Osman]. Interestingly, in 1967 his work was referred to as ''"The works of the greatest poet of early Yugoslav literature, Ivan Gundulić"'' taken from the book Dubrovnik by Bariša Krekić<ref>[http://www.google.com.au/search?hl=en&client=safari&rls=en&tbm=bks&q=Ivan+Gundulić+Osman+Dubrovnik+by+Bariša+Krekić&btnG=Search&oq=Ivan+Gundulić+Osman+Dubrovnik+by+Bariša+Krekić&aq=f&aqi=&aql=1&gs_sm=s&gs_upl=112466l114859l0l116566l2l2l0l0l0l0l820l820l6-1l1l0 Dubrovnik] by Bariša Krekić ''"The works of the greatest poet of early Yugoslav literature, Ivan Gundulic, 1589 — 1638, are the best testimony to this. His epic "Osman" ranks among the greatest masterpieces of early Slavic literature, and also among the most ..."''</ref>
The '''first''' primary source mention of the Croatian identity in the Balkans was Dux Cruatorum Branimero ''or'' Prince Branimir inscription, c.''' 880''' AD from town of Nin-Croatia (Old Dalmatia). In 1853 a Russian archaeologist Pavel Mikhailovich Leontjev discovered the ''Tanais Tablets''. The Tanais Tablets mention three men: Horoúathos, Horoáthos, and Horóathos (Χορούαθ[ος], Χοροάθος, Χορόαθος). They are written in Greek and are from the '''3rd century''' AD from the city of Tanais, today's Azov, Russia. At that time it had mixed Greek - Sarmatian (Iranian) population.
The '''first''' primary source mention of the Croatian identity in the Balkans was Dux Cruatorum Branimero ''or'' Prince Branimir inscription, c.''' 880''' AD from town of Nin-Croatia (Old Dalmatia). In 1853 a Russian archaeologist Pavel Mikhailovich Leontjev discovered the ''Tanais Tablets''. The Tanais Tablets mention three men: Horoúathos, Horoáthos, and Horóathos (Χορούαθ[ος], Χοροάθος, Χορόαθος). They are written in Greek and are from the '''3rd century''' AD from the city of Tanais, today's Azov, Russia. At that time it had mixed Greek - Sarmatian (Iranian) population.
