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Asparagus (view source)

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'''''Asparagus officinalis''''' is a flowering plant species in the genus ''[[Asparagus (genus)|Asparagus]]'' from which the [[vegetable]] known as '''asparagus''' is obtained. It is native to most of [[Europe]], northern [[Africa]] and western [[Asia]].<ref name=fe>Flora Europaea: [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Asparagus&SPECIES_XREF=officinalis&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= ''Asparagus officinalis'']</ref><ref name=empp>Euro+Med Plantbase Project: [http://ww2.bgbm.org/_EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=38660&PTRefFk=500000 ''Asparagus officinalis'']</ref><ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?300050 ''Asparagus officinalis'']</ref> It is now also widely cultivated as a [[vegetable]] crop.<ref name="prota">Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (2004) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA Foundation, Wageningen; Backhuys, Leiden; CTA, Wageningen.</ref>
 
'''''Asparagus officinalis''''' is a flowering plant species in the genus ''[[Asparagus (genus)|Asparagus]]'' from which the [[vegetable]] known as '''asparagus''' is obtained. It is native to most of [[Europe]], northern [[Africa]] and western [[Asia]].<ref name=fe>Flora Europaea: [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Asparagus&SPECIES_XREF=officinalis&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= ''Asparagus officinalis'']</ref><ref name=empp>Euro+Med Plantbase Project: [http://ww2.bgbm.org/_EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=38660&PTRefFk=500000 ''Asparagus officinalis'']</ref><ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?300050 ''Asparagus officinalis'']</ref> It is now also widely cultivated as a [[vegetable]] crop.<ref name="prota">Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (2004) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA Foundation, Wageningen; Backhuys, Leiden; CTA, Wageningen.</ref>
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==Commercial production==
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[[Image:Asparagus_production_2007.png|thumb|center|600px|Asparagus output in 2007 shown by tonnage.]]
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As of 2007, [[Peru]] is the world's leading asparagus exporter, followed by [[China]] and [[Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.fas.usda.gov/htp/Hort_Circular/2005/08-05/Asparagus%20article.pdf | publisher=World Horticultural Trade & U.S. Export Opportunities | title=World Asparagus Situation & Outlook | author=United States Department of Agriculture | accessdate=2007-02-27|format=PDF}}</ref> The top asparagus importers (2004) were the United States (92,405 tonnes), followed by the [[European Union]] (external trade) (18,565 tonnes), and [[Japan]] (17,148 tonnes).<ref>According to Global Trade Atlas and [[U.S. Census Bureau]] statistics</ref> The United States' production for 2005 was on {{convert|218.5|km2|acre}} and yielded 90,200 tonnes,<ref name=nass>{{cite book | author=USDA | title=Vegetables 2005 Summary | month=January | year=2006 | publisher=National Agricultural Statistics Service}}</ref> making it the world's third largest producer, after China (5,906,000 tonnes) and Peru (206,030 tonnes).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://faostat.fao.org/site/336/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=336 | title = Food and Agriculture Organisation Statistics (FAOSTAT) | accessdate=2007-11-11}}</ref> U.S. production was concentrated in [[California]], [[Michigan]], and [[Washington]].<ref name=nass/> The crop is significant enough in California's [[Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta]] region that the city of [[Stockton, California|Stockton]] holds a festival every year to celebrate it, as does the city of Hart, Michigan, complete with a parade and asparagus queen. The [[Vale of Evesham]] in [[Worcestershire]] is heralded as the largest producer within Northern Europe, celebrating like Stockton, with a week long festival every year involving auctions of the best crop and locals dressing up as spears of asparagus as part of the British Asparagus Festival.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.british-asparagus.co.uk/asparagus_festival.php#cotswolds | title=British Aparagus Festival}}</ref>
    
==Biology==
 
==Biology==
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===Companion planting===
 
===Companion planting===
 
Asparagus is a useful [[companion plant]] for tomatoes. The tomato plant repels the asparagus beetle, as do several other common companion plants of tomatoes, meanwhile asparagus may repel some harmful root nematodes that affect tomato plants.<ref>http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Asparagus+officinalis</ref>
 
Asparagus is a useful [[companion plant]] for tomatoes. The tomato plant repels the asparagus beetle, as do several other common companion plants of tomatoes, meanwhile asparagus may repel some harmful root nematodes that affect tomato plants.<ref>http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Asparagus+officinalis</ref>
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==Commercial production==
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[[Image:Asparagus_production_2007.png|thumb|center|600px|Asparagus output in 2007 shown by tonnage.]]
  −
As of 2007, [[Peru]] is the world's leading asparagus exporter, followed by [[China]] and [[Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.fas.usda.gov/htp/Hort_Circular/2005/08-05/Asparagus%20article.pdf | publisher=World Horticultural Trade & U.S. Export Opportunities | title=World Asparagus Situation & Outlook | author=United States Department of Agriculture | accessdate=2007-02-27|format=PDF}}</ref> The top asparagus importers (2004) were the United States (92,405 tonnes), followed by the [[European Union]] (external trade) (18,565 tonnes), and [[Japan]] (17,148 tonnes).<ref>According to Global Trade Atlas and [[U.S. Census Bureau]] statistics</ref> The United States' production for 2005 was on {{convert|218.5|km2|acre}} and yielded 90,200 tonnes,<ref name=nass>{{cite book | author=USDA | title=Vegetables 2005 Summary | month=January | year=2006 | publisher=National Agricultural Statistics Service}}</ref> making it the world's third largest producer, after China (5,906,000 tonnes) and Peru (206,030 tonnes).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://faostat.fao.org/site/336/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=336 | title = Food and Agriculture Organisation Statistics (FAOSTAT) | accessdate=2007-11-11}}</ref> U.S. production was concentrated in [[California]], [[Michigan]], and [[Washington]].<ref name=nass/> The crop is significant enough in California's [[Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta]] region that the city of [[Stockton, California|Stockton]] holds a festival every year to celebrate it, as does the city of Hart, Michigan, complete with a parade and asparagus queen. The [[Vale of Evesham]] in [[Worcestershire]] is heralded as the largest producer within Northern Europe, celebrating like Stockton, with a week long festival every year involving auctions of the best crop and locals dressing up as spears of asparagus as part of the British Asparagus Festival.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.british-asparagus.co.uk/asparagus_festival.php#cotswolds | title=British Aparagus Festival}}</ref>
      
==Vernacular names and etymology==
 
==Vernacular names and etymology==
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