Changes

== The Zuvela’s Arrived on the West End of Korcula in the Early 1600s ==

== The Zuvela’s Arrived on the West End of Korcula in the Early 1600s ==

The Zuvela’s arrived on the west end of Korčula (in Croatian the c in Korcula is pronounced ''ch'' and is written "'''č'''") in the early 1600’s and settled in a small field called '''Rasohatica'''. There are still small remnants of stone huts there to this day. First time the surname ''Xuvella'' was mentioned was in Blato in a document dated 2nd of February '''1642'''.<ref>Vela Luka od 1490 do 1834 ''by'' Zvonko Maričić (p168, written in Croatian). Era of the Black Plague, Ottoman (Turkish) invasions & Uskoci in the Republic of Venice's Dalmatian region.

The Zuvela’s arrived on the west end of Korčula in the early 1600’s and settled in a small field called '''Rasohatica''' (in Croatian the c in Korcula is pronounced ''ch'' and is written "'''č'''"). There are still small remnants of stone huts there to this day. First time the surname ''Xuvella'' was mentioned was in Blato in a document dated 2nd of February '''1642'''.<ref>Vela Luka od 1490 do 1834 ''by'' Zvonko Maričić (p168, written in Croatian). Era of the Black Plague, Ottoman (Turkish) invasions & Uskoci in the Republic of Venice's Dalmatian region.

First mention in Blato (Blatta) documents in 1642, Antonio Xuvella. He was most likely born around 1610s, or earlier, 1590-1600s (a Zouvella-Greek or Greco-Venetian).

First mention in Blato (Blatta) documents in 1642, Antonio Xuvella. He was most likely born around 1610s, or earlier, 1590-1600s (a Zouvella-Greek or Greco-Venetian).

The first written source known about Xuvellas is from 1642. So in Blato on 2nd of February, 1642 on the island of Korčula, part of the Republic of Venice, a contract of land transaction was concluded. The neighboring land mentioned was in Postražišće. This neighboring land belonged to Antonio Xuvella (modern Croatian: Antun Žuvela) without mentioning the family origin, for example; ''son of ...... .'' This is the first record that mentions the Zuvela family. The information is taken from 'Vela Luka from 1490 to 1834.' Zvonko Maričić (page 168 written in Croatian).

The first written source known about Xuvellas is from 1642. So in Blato on 2nd of February, 1642 on the island of Korčula, part of the Republic of Venice, a contract of land transaction was concluded. The neighboring land mentioned was in Postražišće. This neighboring land belonged to Antonio Xuvella (modern Croatian: Antun Žuvela) without mentioning the family origin, for example; ''son of ...... .'' This is the first record that mentions the Zuvela family. The information is taken from 'Vela Luka from 1490 to 1834.' Zvonko Maričić (page 168 written in Croatian).

*Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (an 19 century [[United Kingdom|English]] historian. October 5, 1797 – October 29, 1875) was an English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist of the 19th century. He is often referred to as "the Father of British Egyptology". He referred to the Dalmatian Slavic (old Croatian) as Illirskee. Cited from [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=ONQBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA33&dq=Dalmatia+and+Montenegro+Naski&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjv0ZjBzdDVAhXLG5QKHXe0DwAQ6AEILDAB#v=onepage&q=Dalmatia%20and%20Montenegro%20Naski&f=false Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a Journey to Mostar in Herzegovina] by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson. (p33)</ref> of the local Croatian language acquired many influences over the centuries, such as the now extinct [[Latin]] Romance language Dalmatian,<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. (p311)</ref> Venetian and others. It has to be taken into account that some parts of the population were bilingual (''or'' even multilingual).

*Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (an 19 century [[United Kingdom|English]] historian. October 5, 1797 – October 29, 1875) was an English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist of the 19th century. He is often referred to as "the Father of British Egyptology". He referred to the Dalmatian Slavic (old Croatian) as Illirskee. Cited from [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=ONQBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA33&dq=Dalmatia+and+Montenegro+Naski&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjv0ZjBzdDVAhXLG5QKHXe0DwAQ6AEILDAB#v=onepage&q=Dalmatia%20and%20Montenegro%20Naski&f=false Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a Journey to Mostar in Herzegovina] by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson. (p33)</ref> of the local Croatian language acquired many influences over the centuries, such as the now extinct [[Latin]] Romance language Dalmatian,<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. (p311)</ref> Venetian and others. It has to be taken into account that some parts of the population were bilingual (''or'' even multilingual).

====EPIDEMIC of 1617====

====EPIDEMIC of 1617 - Conquest of the Ottoman Empire ====

As we know in the early 1600s, the Zuvelas settled in a small field, Rasohatica, at the western end of the island of Korčula. Perhaps they were fleeing from the territorial conquest of the Turks that lasted for centuries. Even after the conquest of the Ottoman Empire (the Turks) many people wanted to escape, and some of it is well documented.  

As we know in the early 1600s, the Zuvelas settled in a small field, Rasohatica, at the western end of the island of Korčula. Perhaps they were fleeing from the territorial conquest of the Turks that lasted for centuries. Even after the conquest of the Ottoman Empire (the Turks) many people wanted to escape, and some of it is well documented.  

==Zuvela Vrtujaks==

==Zuvela Vrtujaks==

There are circular dry stone buildings (Vrtujak/Rotunda/Trullo) on the island of Korčula in CROATIA which are mainly found in the west end of the island. There are around 20 of them in the region (according to Maja Šunjić and Ivan Tabain: VRTUJCI i PICUNI). Most were built by the Zuvela families (Vela Luka - Blato area). Locally they are called ‘Vrtujak’. The vrtujak term in the Croatian language references the circular nature of the structure. These unique architectural field stone houses seem to have been built during the Republic of Venice period but the Vela Luka ones were built in 19th century (it has been dated even as late as the early 20th century).

There are circular dry stone buildings (Vrtujak/Rotunda/Trullo) on the island of Korčula in CROATIA which are mainly found in the west end of the island. There are around 20 of them in the region (according to Maja Šunjić and Ivan Tabain: VRTUJCI i PICUNI). Most were built by the Zuvela families (Vela Luka - Blato area). Locally they are called ‘Vrtujak’. The vrtujak term in the Croatian language references the circular nature of the structure. Rotunda like circular dry stone structures seem to have been built during the Republic of Venice period but these unique architectural field stone buildings (mainly around the town of Vela Luka) were built in 19th century. Some have been dated even as late as the early 20th century.

Other circular dry stone buildings which are near Korčula are in southern Italy (Trullo). They are in and around the town of Alberobello (in the province of Bari). They are also located in Istria, ‘Kažun’ in Croatia (locally they are on the island of Brač where they are called Bunje ''or'' Kućice, and there are also some on Hvar, Trima)

Other circular dry stone buildings which are near Korčula are in southern Italy (Trullo). They are in and around the town of Alberobello (in the province of Bari). They are also located in Istria, ‘Kažun’ in Croatia (locally they are on the island of Brač where they are called Bunje ''or'' Kućice, and there are also some on Hvar, Trima)

[[File:PZ HERETOV Rotunda (1).jpg||thumb|center|505px|HERETOV Rotunda. Circular dry-stone building of the Zuvela family in Strmena. The older

[[File:PZ HERETOV Rotunda (1).jpg||thumb|center|505px|HERETOV Rotunda. Circular dry-stone building of the Zuvela family in Strmena. The older

  term could have been ''''Rotunda'''' as in ‘Heretov Rotunda’. The builder of Heretov Rotunda was Petar Žuvela Dvojar 'Here' (1874-1927). An older older term was Kućica (small house)<ref>VRTUJCI I PICUNI by Maja Šunjić and Ivan Tabain 2020</ref>]]

  term could have been ''''Rotunda'''' as in ‘Heretov Rotunda’. The builder of Heretov Rotunda was Petar Žuvela Dvojar 'Here' (1874-1927). It has been written the older older term was Kućica (small house)<ref>VRTUJCI I PICUNI by Maja Šunjić and Ivan Tabain 2020</ref>]]

== New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island) 1892-1924 ==

== New York Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island) 1892-1924 ==

The Zuvelas came to the Republic of Venice's, Dalmazia Veneta in the 1620s most likely refugees from Greece (Greco-Venetian original Zouvello modern Zouvela Greek: Ζουβέλα or Zouvelos, Ζουβέλος). They settled in the west end of the island of Korčula (previously ''also know'' as Curzola <ref>Greek: Kórkyra Melaena or Κόρκυρα Μέλαινα, and Corcyra Nigra (Latin)</ref>). Temporary residency was set up in a small field called Rasohatica (previously know ''as'' Rasohatija). After that they moved to Blato (previously also know as Blatta).  

The Zuvelas came to the Republic of Venice's, Dalmazia Veneta in the 1620s most likely refugees from Greece (Greco-Venetian original Zouvello modern Zouvela Greek: Ζουβέλα or Zouvelos, Ζουβέλος). They settled in the west end of the island of Korčula (previously ''also know'' as Curzola <ref>Greek: Kórkyra Melaena or Κόρκυρα Μέλαινα, and Corcyra Nigra (Latin)</ref>). Temporary residency was set up in a small field called Rasohatica (previously know ''as'' Rasohatija). After that they moved to Blato (previously also know as Blatta).  

'''Antonio Xuvella'''  comes up in my research that is '''not''' recorded as being born on Korčula (not registered ''via'' church records of births). However Antonio (Antun) is mentioned in the town documents <ref>Vela Luka od 1490 do 1834 ''by'' Zvonko Maričić (p168, written in Croatian). It mentions  '''Antun''' who is not part of the Zuvela Korčula born family trees (''or'' any family tree). This could indicate him as a Korčula island '''migrant''' arrival, also read '''ref 1'''.</ref> and his record is the oldest which was in Blato dated 2nd of February 1642.   

'''Antonio Xuvella'''  comes up in my research that is '''not''' recorded as being born on Korčula (not registered ''via'' church records of births). However Antonio (modern Croatian: Antun) is mentioned in the town documents <ref>Vela Luka od 1490 do 1834 ''by'' Zvonko Maričić (p168, written in Croatian). It mentions  '''Antun''' who is not part of the Zuvela Korčula born family trees (''or'' any family tree). This could indicate him as a Korčula island '''migrant''' arrival, also read '''ref 1'''.</ref> and his record is the oldest which was in Blato dated 2nd of February 1642.   

Antonio Xuvella (modern Croatian: Antun Žuvela) was probably the father of the Zuvela family because his generation (records wise) is older than the others. I have come to a conclusion based on family naming tradtions that his wife might have been called Jacquilin, Greek: Zaklín or Ζακλίν (Cro: Jaka). They had five sons and the first are written according to the historical original sources (the translation work is done by Don Ivo Oreb) and one being from Zvonko Maričić (ref 25):

Antonio Xuvella (Antun) was probably the father of the Zuvela family because his generation (records wise) is older than the others. I have come to a conclusion based on family naming tradtions that his wife might have been called Jacquilin, Greek: Zaklín or Ζακλίν (Cro: Jaka). They had five sons and the first are written according to the historical original sources (the translation work is done by Don Ivo Oreb) and one being from Zvonko Maričić (ref 26):

'''1.''' Matteo (Matij)

'''1.''' Matteo (Matij)