Changes

[[File:280px-Republic of Venice 1796.png|thumb|right|200px|Republic of Venice-1796 ''(Created by MapMaster)'']]

[[File:280px-Republic of Venice 1796.png|thumb|right|200px|Republic of Venice-1796 ''(Created by MapMaster)'']]

'''Note A''': [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula#Editors Notes|Lumbarda Psephisma]] is a stone inscription which documented the event and was found on the island of Korčula.<ref>[http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=74289&lang=en Hrcak Portal of scientific journals of Croatia:] Lumbarda Psephisma, the Oldest Document about the Division of Land Parcels in Croatia from the Beginning of the 4th or 3rd Century BC by Miljenko Solaric & Nikola Solaic (University of Zagreb).</ref> The Greeks (from Issa-Vis) established a settlement on the basis of a prior agreement with the representatives of the local Illyrians who were Pil and his son Daz. A literary work from the 1st century AD  ''"Periegesis Hellados"'' <ref>[http://www.dissertations.se/dissertation/834aad3ee7/ Swedish University - Essays Swedish (www.dissertations.se):] Researcher, Traveller, Narrator. Studies in Pausanias' Periegesis-University Dissertation from Almqvist & Wiksell International Stockholm Sweden.</ref> mentions a second Greek Cnidian colony on the island of Nigra Kerkyra (Korčula).<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=a9XI-B449vkC&pg=PA68&lpg=PA74&dq=Greek+colony+in+the+3+century+BC+lumbarda&source=bl&ots=O3bea0TiFw&sig=fSxIeilCNTQP293_TrJkkma3pDM&hl=en&ei=xof7SuDnFsGIkQWgz42YBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CA0Q6AEwAjge#v=snippet&q=korcula&f=false Studi sulla grecità di occidente by Lorenzo Braccesi] (p68)</ref> According to [[Defence of Korcula (part two)|Antun Rosanovic]] (Defence of Korcula in 1571)  the Greeks named it '''Kórkyra Melaena''' meaning Black Corfu after their homeland and the dense woods on the island. It is not known what  the Illyrians called the island.

Note A; '''Lumbarda Psephisma'''

 

[[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula#Editors Notes|Lumbarda Psephisma]] is a stone inscription which documented the event and was found on the island of Korčula.<ref>[http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=74289&lang=en Hrcak Portal of scientific journals of Croatia:] Lumbarda Psephisma, the Oldest Document about the Division of Land Parcels in Croatia from the Beginning of the 4th or 3rd Century BC by Miljenko Solaric & Nikola Solaic (University of Zagreb).</ref> The Greeks (from Issa-Vis) established a settlement on the basis of a prior agreement with the representatives of the local Illyrians who were Pil and his son Daz. A literary work from the 1st century AD  ''"Periegesis Hellados"'' <ref>[http://www.dissertations.se/dissertation/834aad3ee7/ Swedish University - Essays Swedish (www.dissertations.se):] Researcher, Traveller, Narrator. Studies in Pausanias' Periegesis-University Dissertation from Almqvist & Wiksell International Stockholm Sweden.</ref> mentions a second Greek Cnidian colony on the island of Nigra Kerkyra (Korčula).<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=a9XI-B449vkC&pg=PA68&lpg=PA74&dq=Greek+colony+in+the+3+century+BC+lumbarda&source=bl&ots=O3bea0TiFw&sig=fSxIeilCNTQP293_TrJkkma3pDM&hl=en&ei=xof7SuDnFsGIkQWgz42YBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CA0Q6AEwAjge#v=snippet&q=korcula&f=false Studi sulla grecità di occidente by Lorenzo Braccesi] (p68)</ref> According to [[Defence of Korcula (part two)|Antun Rosanovic]] (Defence of Korcula in 1571)  the Greeks named it '''Kórkyra Melaena''' meaning Black Corfu after their homeland and the dense woods on the island. It is not known what  the Illyrians called the island.

 

* The island became part of the Roman province of ''Illyricum''.<ref>'''Encyclopedia Britannica'''.

* The island became part of the Roman province of ''Illyricum''.<ref>'''Encyclopedia Britannica'''.

* The Roman province of Illyricum stretched from the Drilon River (the Drin, in modern Albania) in the south to Istria (modem Slovenia and Croatia) </ref> The Romans called the island Corcyra Nigra. After the Illyrian Wars, Roman migration followed and Roman citizens arrived on the island.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=QtppAAAAMAAJ&q=Roman+Junianum+korcula&dq=Roman+Junianum+korcula&lr= Croatian Adriatic:] History, Culture, Art & Natural beauties</ref> The Illyrian population immediately after the Illyrian Wars suffered greatly under the Romans. A large portion of the Illyrians were executed and sold off to slavery.<ref>Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula ''by'' Nikola Ostojic (p6)</ref>  In 10 AD Illyricum was split into two provinces, Pannonia and '''Dalmatia'''.<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> Korčula became part of the ancient Roman province of Dalmatia.  

* The Roman province of Illyricum stretched from the Drilon River (the Drin, in modern Albania) in the south to Istria (modem Slovenia and Croatia) </ref> The Romans called the island Corcyra Nigra. After the Illyrian Wars, Roman migration followed and Roman citizens arrived on the island.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=QtppAAAAMAAJ&q=Roman+Junianum+korcula&dq=Roman+Junianum+korcula&lr= Croatian Adriatic:] History, Culture, Art & Natural beauties</ref> The Illyrian population immediately after the Illyrian Wars suffered greatly under the Romans. A large portion of the Illyrians were executed and sold off to slavery.<ref>Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula ''by'' Nikola Ostojic (p6)</ref>  In 10 AD Illyricum was split into two provinces, Pannonia and '''Dalmatia'''.<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> Korčula became part of the ancient Roman province of Dalmatia.  

* In the 6th century it came under the Eastern Roman Empire-Byzantine (by then the Greek families would have been Romanized).  

* In the 6th century it came under the Eastern Roman Empire-Byzantine (by then the Greek families would have been Romanized).  

* Migrations of the early middle ages, brought the Slavic peoples into the Dalmatian region. The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550). It is belived that the Narantani Slavs  (Narrentanos Sclavos) invaded the island and occupied it. The Old-Slavic term for Korčula was Krkar.

* Migrations of the early middle ages, brought the Slavic peoples into the Dalmatian region. The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550). It is belived that the Narantani Slavs  (Narrentanos Sclavos) invaded the island and occupied it. The Old-Slavic term for Korčula was Krkar.

'''Note B''': The Narantani, who are referred to today mainly as ''Neretva pirates'' (Neretvani), were a nation of pirates. Firstly known as ''Arentanoi.''<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=OJPfAAAAMAAJ&q=arentanoi&dq=arentanoi&hl=en&ei=bMt2TYb7J4ugvQODuaGFBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBA The Age of the Dromon:] The Byzantine Navy ca. 500-1204 by John H. Pryor, Elizabeth & Jeffreys (p67)</ref> Modern scholarly research now puts the time of the main invasion of the Slavic tribes in the region to be much later.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA212&dq=immigration+Slav+groups+in+Dalmatia+Danijel+Dzino&hl=en&ei=ONB2Tf7SA4vevQOYybjLBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat:] Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino (p212): '''Danijel Dzino''' states that the 19 century theories of mass movements of people into the old Roman Province of Dalmatia are questionable. Modern Archaeological and Scholarly research seems to be saying that we are looking at much smaller groups of Slavs and Avars invading the region. The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines and was written in the 6th century in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in [[Latin]] it was written ''Sclaveni''. According to Danijel Dzino the term Slavs was first used by outside observers of the day to describe the newcomers. The Slavs used the term to describe themselves at a later stage. Thus began the ''construct identity'' of the new arrivals. Later the Slavic peoples started to identify themselves and separated (or were separated by others) into different groups.

Note B: '''The Narantani'''

 

The Narantani, who are referred to today mainly as ''Neretva pirates'' (Neretvani), were a nation of pirates. Firstly known as ''Arentanoi.''<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=OJPfAAAAMAAJ&q=arentanoi&dq=arentanoi&hl=en&ei=bMt2TYb7J4ugvQODuaGFBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBA The Age of the Dromon:] The Byzantine Navy ca. 500-1204 by John H. Pryor, Elizabeth & Jeffreys (p67)</ref> Modern scholarly research now puts the time of the main invasion of the Slavic tribes in the region to be much later.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA212&dq=immigration+Slav+groups+in+Dalmatia+Danijel+Dzino&hl=en&ei=ONB2Tf7SA4vevQOYybjLBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat:] Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino (p212): '''Danijel Dzino''' states that the 19 century theories of mass movements of people into the old Roman Province of Dalmatia are questionable. Modern Archaeological and Scholarly research seems to be saying that we are looking at much smaller groups of Slavs and Avars invading the region. The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines and was written in the 6th century in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in [[Latin]] it was written ''Sclaveni''. According to Danijel Dzino the term Slavs was first used by outside observers of the day to describe the newcomers. The Slavs used the term to describe themselves at a later stage. Thus began the ''construct identity'' of the new arrivals. Later the Slavic peoples started to identify themselves and separated (or were separated by others) into different groups.

</ref>  Archaeological evidence found in the old Roman city of ''Salon'' and in particularly the artefacts found at the'' Old Croatian'' grave sites <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA52&dq=croatian+graves+medieval+dalmatian+dating&hl=en&ei=LA6HTan-IsGHcYbf3Y4D&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat:] Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino (p52).</ref> in Dalmatia (during recent excavations) seems to confirm this. Some historians have placed the arrival of Slavs (in larger groups) now  to be more in the region of the late 8th century or even early 9th century.<ref>Historians of this school of thought are D. Dzino, L. Margetic, Ancic, Rapanic and Sokol.</ref> The early sources must have reflected the '''raid''' activity of the Slavic tribes within Roman Dalmatia and early small settlement. In Korčula's case a small group of Slavs (Chakavian speakers) settled on the island in mid 9th century.<ref>'''Note''': Due to the fact that Slavs from the then [[Directory:Croatia|Kingdom of Croatia]] also spoke Slavic Chakavian this could indicate that they came from the same tribal group.</ref>

</ref>  Archaeological evidence found in the old Roman city of ''Salon'' and in particularly the artefacts found at the'' Old Croatian'' grave sites <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA52&dq=croatian+graves+medieval+dalmatian+dating&hl=en&ei=LA6HTan-IsGHcYbf3Y4D&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat:] Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino (p52).</ref> in Dalmatia (during recent excavations) seems to confirm this. Some historians have placed the arrival of Slavs (in larger groups) now  to be more in the region of the late 8th century or even early 9th century.<ref>Historians of this school of thought are D. Dzino, L. Margetic, Ancic, Rapanic and Sokol.</ref> The early sources must have reflected the '''raid''' activity of the Slavic tribes within Roman Dalmatia and early small settlement. In Korčula's case a small group of Slavs (Chakavian speakers) settled on the island in mid 9th century.<ref>'''Note''': Due to the fact that Slavs from the then [[Directory:Croatia|Kingdom of Croatia]] also spoke Slavic Chakavian this could indicate that they came from the same tribal group.</ref>

* Conquered by the Republic of Venice under the management of the doge Pietro II Orseolo. Venice ruled from 1000 to 1100. The Venetians called the island Curzola.

* Conquered by the Republic of Venice under the management of the doge Pietro II Orseolo. Venice ruled from 1000 to 1100. The Venetians called the island Curzola.

* Held by the Genoese from 1100 to 1129.

* Held by the Genoese from 1100 to 1129.

* In 1184 Miroslav, Stefan Nemanja <ref>Stefan Nemanja  (c. 1114 – 13 February 1199) was a 12th-century Serb royalty, heir to the Vukanović dynasty and Grand Prince of medieval Raška from 1166 to 1196. Nemanja was from Ribnica in Zeta, present day Podgorica which is the capital of Montenegro.</ref> and Costantino, counts of Chelmo  (Zahumlje),<ref>Nobles of '''Raška''' who ruled Chelmo (Zahumlje). Raška was a medieval principality created by Serbian Slavs (Costantino is referred to as Stracimir).</ref>  attempted to conquer Korčula.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC&pg=PA8&dq=Miroslav+korcula&hl=en&ei=5lisTY7YI4yYvAO7raX_CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Miroslav%20korcula&f=false The Late Medieval Balkans:] A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century by John Van Antwerp Fine (p8)</ref>

* In 1184 Miroslav, Stefan Nemanja <ref>Stefan Nemanja  (c. 1114 – 13 February 1199) was a 12th-century Serb royalty, heir to the Vukanović dynasty and Grand Prince of medieval Raška from 1166 to 1196. Nemanja was from Ribnica in Zeta, present day Podgorica which is the capital of Montenegro.</ref> and Costantino, counts of Chelmo  (Zahumlje),<ref>Nobles of '''Raška''' who ruled Chelmo (Zahumlje). Raška was a medieval principality created by Serbian Slavs (Costantino is referred to as Stracimir).</ref>  attempted to conquer Korčula.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC&pg=PA8&dq=Miroslav+korcula&hl=en&ei=5lisTY7YI4yYvAO7raX_CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Miroslav%20korcula&f=false The Late Medieval Balkans:] A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century by John Van Antwerp Fine (p8)</ref>

* Statute of Korčula was drafted in 1214 (Liber Legum Statutorum Curzola 1214).

* Statute of Korčula was drafted in 1214 (Liber Legum Statutorum Curzola 1214).

'''Note C''': The Statute itself <ref>[http://www.korculainfo.com/history/statute-korcula-town-1214.html Korcula Info (www.korculainfo.com): Korcula Town Statute from 1214]</ref>  was probably written by Latin-Roman Dalmatian & Slavic nobility. Originally written in Latin. Oldest known copy is from 1265, also written in Latin. It was later translated to Venetian.

Note C: '''Liber Legum Statutorum Curzola 1214'''

 

The Statute itself <ref>[http://www.korculainfo.com/history/statute-korcula-town-1214.html Korcula Info (www.korculainfo.com): Korcula Town Statute from 1214]</ref>  was probably written by Latin-Roman Dalmatian & Slavic nobility. Originally written in Latin. Oldest known copy is from 1265, also written in Latin. It was later translated to Venetian.

Here is an ''Historic quote'' taken from "When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans" by John Van Antwerp Fine: {{quote|

Here is an ''Historic quote'' taken from "When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans" by John Van Antwerp Fine: {{quote|

''In 1262 the Venetian praised the Slavs and Latins on the island of Korcula for submitting to the prince Venice had sent.'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p3oGybOY1w4C&pg=PA103&dq=korcula+Venice++Slavs&hl=en&ei=oMBjTJPQBoicvgPkpPCeCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=korcula%20Venice%20%20Slavs&f=false When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans:] by John Van Antwerp Fine. (p103)</ref><ref>Smiciklas, ''CD'' V, (p237); N. Klaic, ''Povijest Hrvata u Razvijenom'', (p130)</ref>}}  

''In 1262 the Venetian praised the Slavs and Latins on the island of Korcula for submitting to the prince Venice had sent.'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p3oGybOY1w4C&pg=PA103&dq=korcula+Venice++Slavs&hl=en&ei=oMBjTJPQBoicvgPkpPCeCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=korcula%20Venice%20%20Slavs&f=false When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans:] by John Van Antwerp Fine. (p103)</ref><ref>Smiciklas, ''CD'' V, (p237); N. Klaic, ''Povijest Hrvata u Razvijenom'', (p130)</ref>}}