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'''Medieval Croatia''' evolved from province of the Roman Empire named Dalmatia. Roman Dalmatia was divided after the collapse of the Roman Empire between the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) and the Carolingian Empire (Franks). The '''Carolingian Empire''' created it’s own Dalmatian Ducatus. The Dalmatian Ducatus (Duchy) of the Carolingian Empire had mainly a Roman Latin-Illyrian population (as well as Liburnians, Greeks, Guduscani, Ostrogoths and Slavs).

'''Medieval Croatia''' evolved from province of the Roman Empire named Dalmatia. Roman Dalmatia was divided after the collapse of the Roman Empire between the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) and the Carolingian Empire (Franks). The '''Carolingian Empire''' created it’s own Dalmatian Ducatus. The Dalmatian Ducatus (Duchy) of the Carolingian Empire had mainly a Roman Latin-Illyrian population (as well as Liburnians, Greeks, Guduscani, Ostrogoths and Slavs).

With time one of the Slavic tribes within Dalmatian Ducatus became the political elite and the leaders (dux) of the province. The fore-mention Slavic political elite from the late 9th century onwards were referred to as Cruatorum. This was the first time that the [[Croatian Identity|Croatian identity]] (Hrvat) was used c. 880 AD. Cruatorum is a [[Latin]] translation of Hrvat. During this period the Dalmatian Ducatus became independent and was renamed Ducatus Croatiae. Later it became a kingdom that was called the Regnum Chroatorum (Kingdom of Croatia 925–1102 AD).

With time one of the Slavic tribes within Dalmatian Ducatus became the political elite and the leaders (dux) of the province. The fore-mention Slavic political elite from the late 9th century onwards were referred to as Cruatorum. This was the first time that the [[Croatian Identity|Croatian identity]] (Hrvat) was used c. 880 AD.<ref>[http://mq.academia.edu/DanijelDzino/Papers/163667/Becoming_Slav_Becoming_Croat_New_approaches_in_research_of_identities_in_post-Roman_Illyricum Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: New approaches in research of identities in post-Roman Illyricum] by Danijel Dzino

*"The first evidence of the Croat name, dux/rex Croatorum, does not appear until the ninth century. The Charter of Duke Trpimir is indeed the oldest text that mentions the Croat name, dux Chroatorum but its authenticity is disputed for good reason. The earliest certain evidence is the title dux Cruatorum from duke Branimir's inscription (c. 880), so that before this date we cannot assume with certainty that the Croat identity existed at all."</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=EqNiAAAAMAAJ&q=BRANIMIRO+COMITE+DUX+CRUATORUM+cogitavit&dq=BRANIMIRO+COMITE+DUX+CRUATORUM+cogitavit&hl=en&ei=MljwTfHIIoyKuAOO3_WhBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA  A History of the Croatian Language:] by Milan Mogus (p.13)</ref> Cruatorum is a [[Latin]] translation of Hrvat. During this period the Dalmatian Ducatus became independent and was renamed Ducatus Croatiae. Later it became a kingdom that was called the Regnum Chroatorum (Kingdom of Croatia 925–1102 AD).

== Kingdom of Croatia ==

== Kingdom of Croatia ==

In the late 12 century the state fell into crisis ''when'' the neighbouring [[Hungary|Hungarians]] (Magyars) used this opportunity to expand their own state. In 1102 it ceased to exist and it became politically part of the ''Kingdom of Hungary''.

In the late 12 century the state fell into crisis ''when'' the neighbouring [[Hungary|Hungarians]] (Magyars) used this opportunity to expand their own state. In 1102 it ceased to exist and it became politically part of the ''Kingdom of Hungary''.

==Notes and References==

==Notes and References==

[[File:290px-Croatia topo.jpg|thumb|right|325px| Croatia today (Hrvatska)]]

[[File:290px-Croatia topo.jpg|thumb|right|325px| Croatia today (Hrvatska)]]

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==External links==

==External links==

 

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