Peter of Auvergne

Peter of Auvergne (Petrus Alverniensis, Petrus de Alvernia, Pierre d'Auvergne, Petrus de Crocq, Peter von Auvergne, Petrus de Cros, Petrus de Croso, Petrus de Croco, Petrus de Croc, d. 1304)

Life

"Peter of Auvergne was one of the major philosophers and theologians of the last quarter of the XIII century. He spent his entire career in the Paris University. There, he became Rector of the Arts Faculty in 1275 and eventually secular Master of Theology in 1296. He died in Clermont-Ferrand on September 25, 1304. On his life and bibliography see Hocedez 1933; Flüeler 19921; Gerwing 1996; Galle 2000; Galle 20031; Galle 2005; Weijers 2007.

The importance of his thought is witnessed both in the statements of his contemporaries and in the influence he exerted over the following generations. The widespread diffusion of his work is attested by the large number of extant manuscripts (almost 150). Given the fact that Peter was the continuator of some of Thomas Aquinas’s unfinished commentaries on Aristotle, scholarship tended to see Peter simply as the “doctor continuator”. In contrast, in recent decades his importance has been gradually recognized as a master with his own voice and, along with Albert the Great, Thomas Aquinas and John Buridan, one of the most important Aristotelian commentators of the Middle Ages." Historische Hilfswissenschaften und Mittellatein

Primary sources

• Commentary on the Sentences
• De Analytica Priora
• De syllogismo (Tractatus de syllogismo)
• Expositio in libros III et IV De Caelo et mundo (Expositio in tertium et quartum Coeli et mundi)
• Expositio in libros III-VIII Politicorum (Quaestiones super libros Politicorum, Commentarium in libros Politicorum, In libros Politicorum, Quaestiones in librum Politicorum, Scriptum super librum Politicorum)
• Expositio super libro De somno et vigilia (Sententiae super libro De somno et vigilia)
• Glossae super Doctrinale Alexandri de Villa Dei (Doctrinale, Grammatica metrica sermone exposita, Alexander de Villa Dei: Doctrinale)
• Grammatica supra modos significandi
• Quaestio utrum logica sit scientia
• Quaestiones grammaticales
• Quaestiones super Artem veterem
  • (1) Quaestiones super Porphyrium
  • (2) Quaestiones super Praedicamentis (Quaestiones super Categorias Aristotelis, Quaestiones super libris Praedicamentorum)
  • (3) Quaestiones de universalibus
  • (4) Quaestiones super Perihermeneias
• Quaestiones super De animalibus l. 15-16 (Quaestiones super librum De animalibus, Inc.: 'Primo notanda quod animalia generata per putrefactionem in quo est masculus et femella habent generare sibi similia ...')
• Quaestiones super De motu animalium (Inc.: 'De motu animalium eo ... Sicut patet per Philosophum in tertio Phisicorum considerantem de natura necesse est ...")
• Quaestiones super De sensu et sensato (Quaestiones supra De sensu et sensato, Quaestiones super librum De sensu et sensato, Quaestiones De sensu et sensato)
• Quaestiones super I-II Priorum (Inc.: 'Primum quidem oportet dicere circa quid et de quo est intentio etc.')
• Quaestiones super libro De memoria et reminscentia
• Quaestiones super libro De somno et vigilia (Quaestiones super librum De somno et vigilia)
• Quaestiones super libros De caelo et mundo (Quaestiones in de caelo et mundo, De caelo et mundo quaestiones 93 disputatae)
  • Recensio 1 (Inc.: 'De natura scientia fere plurima circa corpora etc. Secundum Themistium super tertium De anima ...')
  • Recensio 2 (Inc.: 'De natura scientia fere plurima. Sicut dicit Aristoteles in I huius quem pre manibus habemus exponendum ...')
  • Recensio 3 (Inc.: 'Dicit Philosophus primo celi et mundi ab ente eterno aliis communicatum est ...')
• Quaestiones super libros Elenchorum (Quaestiones super Sophisticos Elenchos)
• Quaestiones super libros Ethicorum (Quaestiones super librum Ethicorum)
• Quaestiones super libros Physicorum (Quaestiones super Physicam, Quaestiones in Physicam Aristotelis)
• Quaestiones super libros Politicorum (Quaestiones in librum Politicorum, Inc.: 'Philosophus in secundo De generatione animalium dicit quod quecumque fiunt arte vel natura fiunt ab actu existente ...')
• Quaestiones super libros Posteriorum
• Quaestiones super librum De animalibus (Quaestiones super de animalibus, Inc.: 'Primo quaeritur utrum iste liber sit de animalibus tamquam de suiecto.')
• Quaestiones super librum De causis (Quaestiones super libro De causis, De causis)
• Quaestiones super librum De generatione et corruptione (In de generatione et corruptione)
• Quaestiones super librum De somno et vigilia
• Quaestiones super Metaphysicam (Quaestiones in Metaphysicam, Commentarium in Metaphysicam)
• Quaestiones super tertium De anima (Quaestiones super librum De anima)
• Quodlibeta
  • Quodlibet I
  • Quodlibet II
  • Quodlibet III
  • Quodlibet IV
  • Quodlibet V
  • Quodlibet VI
• Scriptum super libro De inundatione Nili
• Scriptum super librum VI Principiorum
• Sententia super libro De causis longitudinis et brevitatis vitae
• Sententia super libro De inspiratione et respiratione (Commentum in libris de respiratione et inspiratione)
• Sententia super libro De iuventute et senectute (Commentum in libris De iuventute et senectute)
• Sententia super libro De morte et vita (Commentarium in librum De morte et vita)
• Sententia super libro de motu animalium (De motibus animalium)
  • Recensio 1 (Inc.: 'Sicut innuit Philosophus in tertio Phisicorum, volentem considerare de natura necessarium est considerare de motu ...')
  • Recensio 2 (Inc.: 'Sicut dicit Philosophus in tertio phisicorum, considerantem de natura oportet considerare de motu ...')
  • Recensio 3 (Inc.: 'Sicut dicit Philosophus secundo Phisicorum, volentem considerare de natura necessarium est considerare de motu ...')

• Sententia super libros Meteororum (Quaestiones super librum Meteororum, Commentum in libros Meteorum, In Metheora continuatio)
• Sententia super librum De vegetabilibus et plantis (Sententia super libro De vegetabilibus et plantis)
• Sententia super quartum librum Meteororum

() Sophismata

• • Album potest esse nigrum
  • Animal est omnis homo
  • Homo est species
  • Nullus homo de necessitate est asinus
  • Ominis homo de necessitate est risibilis
  • Omnis homo est omnis homo
  • Omnis phoenix est
  • Socrates desinit esse non desinendo esse
  • Syllogizantem ponendum est terminos
  • Tantum unum est
• Super librum De physiognomia (Inc.: 'Sicut dicit Philosophus primo Rhetorice nobilitas est genti ..')

Manuscripts

• Admont, Stiftsbibliothek 367 [s. XIV]
• Angers, Bibliothèque Municipale 223 (214)
• Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek, class. 61 (HJ.VI.2) [s. XV]
• Basel , Universitätsbibliothek, B.V.22 [s. XIV]
• Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, F.II.9 [s. XV]
• Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, F.III.20 [s. XIV]
• Berlin, Staatsbibliothek, lat. qu. 195 (Rose 970) [s. XIV-XV]
• Berlin, Staatsbibliothek, Magdeb. 149 [s. XIV 1]
• Berlin, Staatsbibliothek, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Lat. fol. 428 [s. XIV]
• Bologna, Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio A. 913 [s. XIV]
• Bologna, Biblioteca Universitaria, 1625 [s. XIV]
• Bologna, Collegio di Spagna 159 [s. XIV]
• Brugge, Stedelijke Bibliotheek 228
• Brugge, Stedelijke Bibliotheek 482 [s. XIV in.]
• Brugge, Stedelijke Bibliotheek 496 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Brugge, Stedelijke Bibliotheek 509 [s. XIV in.]
• Brugge, Stedelijke Bibliotheek 513 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum 14 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Cambridge, Gonville & Caius College 611/341 [s. XIII ex.-XIV in.]
• Cambridge, Peterhouse 82 [s. XIII ex.]
• Cambridge Peterhouse 143 [s. XIV-XV]
• Cambridge, Peterhouse 152 [s. XIV]
• Cambridge , University Library Ii.II.10 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Barb. lat. 309 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Borgh. lat. 114 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Borgh. lat. 128 [s. XIII]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Ottob. lat. 196 [s. XIV 1]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Ottob. lat. 1145 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Pal. lat. 1059 [s. XIV 1]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Ross. 569 [s. XIV in.]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Urb. lat. 24 [s. XV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Urb. lat. 214 [s. XV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 770 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 775 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 777 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 778 [s. XV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 845 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 846 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 932 [s. XIV 2]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 2074 [s. XIII]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 2106 [s. XIV (= c. 1317)]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 2173 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 2181 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 2182 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 3015
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. lat. 6758 [s. XIV]
• Città del Vaticano, BAV, Vat. Lat. 14718
• Cremona, Biblioteca Governativa 80 (7.5.15) [s. XIV 2]
• El Escorial, Real Biblioteca de San Lorenzo de El Escorial f.II.8 [s. XV]
• Erfurt, Universitätsbibliothek, Dep. Erf. CA. 2° 108
• Erfurt, Universitätsbibliothek, Dep. Erf. CA. 2° 349 [s. XIV]
• Erfurt, Universitätsbibliothek, Dep. Erf. CA. 2° 356 [s. XIV]
• Erfurt, Universitätsbibliothek, Dep. Erf. CA. 4° 188 [s. XIV 1]
• Erlangen, Universitätsbibliothek 210 (Irm. 379) [s. XIII-XIV]
• Erlangen, Universitätsbibliothek 213, [s. XIII-XIV]
• Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Acquisti e Doni 4 [c. 1440]
• Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Fesul. 104 [s. XV]
• Firenze , Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (Santa Croce), Plut. XII sin. 3 [s. XIV in.]
• Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (Santa Croce), Plut. XXIX. dext. 12 [s. XIV]
• Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, II.II.182
• Frankfurt a.M., Stadt- und Universitätsbibliothek, Praed. 51 [a. 1438-43]
• Haute-Garonne, Archives départementales 4 (F.2) [s. XIV]
• Kassel, Stadt- und Landesbibliothek, Phys. 2° 11 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Kraków, Biblioteka Jagiellonska 1894 [s. XV 2]
• Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek 1386 [s. XIV 1]
• Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek 1402 [s. XIV]
• Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek 1405 [s. XIV in.]
• Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek 1418 [s. XIV]
• Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek 1456 [s. XIV]
• Liège, Bibliothèque du Grand Séminaire 6 A.13 [s. XIII ex.]
• Lilienfeld, Stiftsbibliothek 155 [s. XIV]
• Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional 1427 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional 1565 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Madrid, Archivo Histórico Universitario, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (olim Biblioteca de la Universidad Central) 124 (117.38) [s. XIII]
• Madrid, Archivo Histórico Universitario, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (olim Biblioteca de la Universidad Central) 3076 [s. XIV]
• Milano, Biblioteca Ambrosiana D 304 inf. [s. XIV]
• München, BSB, clm. 317 [s. XIII]
• München, BSB, clm. 3852
• München, BSB, clm. 8005 [s. XIV]
• München, BSB, clm. 9559 [s. XIII ex.]
• München, BSB, clm. 14246 [a. 1312]
• München, BSB, clm. 14416 [s. XIV]
• München, BSB, clm. 18458 [a. 1458]
• München, BSB, clm. 18907 [s. XIV]
• Napoli, Biblioteca Nazionale «Vittorio Emanuele III» VII.C.9 [s. XIV]
• New York, Columbia University Library, Plimpton 17 [s. XIV 2]
• Oxford, Balliol College 104 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Oxford, Balliol College 108 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Oxford, Balliol College 278 [s. XIII]
• Oxford, Balliol College 312 [s. XIV]
• Oxford, Magdalen College 146 [s. XIV]
• Oxford, Merton College 273 (O.3.5) [s. XIV]
• Oxford, Merton College 274 (O.1.5) [s. XIV in.]
• Oxford , Merton College 275 [s. XIV]
• Oxford, Merton College 292 [s. XIV]
• Padova, Biblioteca Antoniana XVII.373 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Padova, Biblioteca Antoniana XXIII.662 [s. XIV]
• Pamplona, Biblioteca de la Catedral 28
• Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine 3481 [s. XIV in.]
• Paris, Bibliotèque Mazarine 3483 [s. XV]
• Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine 3484 (316) [s. XIII-XIV]
• Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine 3485 (363) [s. XIV in.]
• Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine 3493 [s. XIV]
• Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine 3498 [s. XIV]
• Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine 3512 [s. XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. F 3121A [s. XV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 6457 [s. XIV in.]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 12992 [s. XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 14562 [s. XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 14714 [s. XIII ex.-XIV in.]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 14722 [s. XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 15350 [s. XIII ex.]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 15841 [s. XIV in.]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 15851 [s. XIV in.]
• Paris , BNF, lat. 16089 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 16097 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 16107 [a. 1455]
• Paris , BNF, lat. 16110 [s. XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 16154 [s. XIV]
• Paris, BNF, lat. 16158 [s. XIII-XIV in.]
• Paris , BNF, lat. 16170 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Paris, BNF, Nouvelles acquisitions latines 1374 [s. XIV]
• Praha, Metropolitní Kapitoly Pražské 1298 (L.LIV) [s. XIV]
• Praha, Metropolitní Kapitoly Pražské 1320 (L.LXXIV) [s. XIV 1]
• Praha, Národní Knihovna Ceské Republiky 905 [a. 1453]
• Praha, Národní Knihovna Ceské Republiky 2297 (XIII.D.5) (Y.II.3.n.1.)
• Ravenna, Biblioteca Comunale Classense 409 [s. XIV 1]
• Roma, Archivio S. Maria sopra Minerva, s.num. [s. XV]
• Roma, Biblioteca Angelica 549 [s. XV]
• Roma Biblioteca Angelica 560
• Salamanca, Biblioteca Universitaria 1747 [s. XIV]
• Salamanca , Biblioteca Universitaria 1839 [s. XIV in.]
• Salamanca, Biblioteca Universitaria 2258 [s. XV]
• Salamanca, Biblioteca Universitaria 2363 [s. XIV in.]
• Sondershausen, Schlossmuseum, Lat. theol. 13 [s. XV]
• Saint- Quentin, Bibliothèque Municipale 110 [codex nunc deperditus]
• Tours, Bibliothèque Municipale 762 [s. XV]
• Trier, Stadtbibliothek 1536 8° (650) [s. XV]
• Troyes, Bibliothèque Municipale 269 [s. XIV]
• Troyes , Bibliothèque Municipale 1142 [s. XIII]
• Troyes, Bibliothèque M unicipale 1374 [s. XIV]
• Venezia, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana VI 105 (X 218)
• Wien, Dominikanerkonvent 80/45 [s. XIV]
• Wien, Dominikanerkonvent 150/120 [s. XIV]
• Wien, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, lat. 2302 [s. XIV]
• Wien, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, lat. 2310 [s. XIV]
• Wien , Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, lat. 2330 [s. XIII-XIV]
• Wien, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, lat. 2335 [s. XV]

Secondary sources

• De Leemans, Pieter: "Medieval Latin Commentaries on Aristotle's De Motu Animalium". In: RTPM 67,2 (2000), 272-360.
• Delhaye, Philippe: Questions sur la physique d´Aristote, Louvan 1941 [Philosophes belges, 15].
• Donati, Silvia: Commenti parigini alla Fisica degli anni 1270-1300 ca., in: Misc. Med. XXIII (Die Bibliotheca Amploniana), ed. A. Speer, Berlin/New York (de Gruyter) 1995, 136-256.
• Ebbesen 1986 = Sten Ebbesen «Termini accidentales concreti». Texts from the Late 13th Century, «Cahiers de l’Institut du Moyen Âge grec et latin», LIII (1986), pp. 37-150
• Ebbesen 1988-1 = Sten Ebbesen, Concrete Accidental Terms: Late Thirteenth-Century Debates about Problems Relating to such Terms as «Album», in Norman KRETZMANN (ed.), Meaning and Inference in Medieval Philosophy. Studies in Memory of Jan Pinborg, Dordrecht–Boston–London, pp. 107-174
• Ebbesen 1988-2 = Sten Ebbesen, Addenda et corrigenda to CIMAGL, 3-56, «Cahiers de l’Institut du Moyen Âge grec et latin», 57 (1988) 171-178
• Ebbesen 1989 = Sten Ebbesen, Three 13th-Century Sophismata about Beginning and Ceasing, «Cahiers de l’Institut du Moyen Âge grec et latin», LIX (1989) pp. 121-180
• Ebbesen 1993-1 = Sten Ebbesen, «Animal est omnis homo». Questions and Sophismata by Peter of Auvergne, Radulphus Brito, William Bonkes, and others, «Cahiers de l’Institut du Moyen Âge grec et latin», LXIII (1993), pp. 145-208
• Ebbesen 1993-2 = Sten Ebbesen, Boethius de Dacia et al. The sophismata in MSS Bruges SB 509 and Florence Med.-Laur. S. Croce 12 sin., 3, in Stephen READ (ed.), Sophisms in Medieval Logic and Grammar. Acts of the 9th European Symposium for Medieval Logic and Semantics, Dordrecht, 1993, pp. 45-63
• Ebbesen 1993-3 = Sten Ebbesen, Medieval Latin Glosses and Commentaries on Aristotelian Logical Texts of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries, in Charles BURNETT (ed.), Glosses and Commentaries on Aristotelian Logical Texts. The Syriac, Arabic and Medieval Latin Traditions, London, 1993, pp. 129-177 [Warburg Institute Surveys and Texts, 23]
• Ebbesen 2000 = Sten Ebbesen, Words and Signification in 13th-Century Questions on Aristotle’s «Metaphysics», «Cahiers de l’Institut du Moyen Âge grec et latin», LXXI (2000), pp. 71-114
• Ebbesen 2001 = Sten Ebbesen, Radulphus Brito on the «Metaphysics», in Jan A. AERTSEN–Kent EMERY, Jr.–Andreas SPEER (eds.), Nach der Verurteilung von 1277. Philosophie und Theologie an der Universität von Paris im letzten Viertel des 13. Jahrhunderts. Studien und Texte = After the Condemnation of 1277. Philosophy and Theology at the University of Paris in the Last Quarter of the Thirteenth Century. Studies and Texts, Berlin–New York, 2001, pp. 456-492
• Ebbesen 2003 = Sten Ebbesen, Questions and Sophismata: tracking Peter of Auvergne, in Henry A. G. BRAAKHUIS–Corneille Henri KNEEPKENS (eds.), Aristotle’s Peri Hermeneias in the Latin Middle Ages. Essays on the Commentary Tradition, Groningen–Haren, 2003, pp. 31-49
• Ebbesen 2005 = Sten Ebbesen, Les «Catégories» au Moyen Âge et au début de la Modernité, in Otto BRUUN–Lorenzo CORTI (eds.), Les «Catégories» et leur histoire, Paris, 2005, pp. 245-274
• Ebbesen–Pinborg 1970 = Sten Ebbesen – Jan PINBORG, Studies in the Logical Writings Attributed to Boethius de Dacia, «Cahiers de l’Institut du Moyen Âge grec et latin», III (1970), pp. 1-54
• Flüeler, Ch.: Rezeption und Interpretation der Aristotelischen Politica im späten Mittelalter, Bd. 1-2, Amsterdam (Grüner) 1992 [Bochumer Studien zur Philosophie, 19].
• Flüeler, Christoph: "Politischer Aristotelismus im Mittelalter", S. 1-13, in: Vivarium 40,1 (2002).
• Flüeler, Christoph: Rezeption und Interpretation der Aristotelischen Politica im späten Mittelalter, 1992.
• Galle, Griet: "Peter of Auvergne on the Unicity of the World". In: RTPM 68 (2001), 111-141.
• Galle, Griet: "Peter of Auvergne on the Unicity of the World". In: RTPM 68, 1 (2001), 111-141.
• Glorieux, La Littérature Quodlibétique II, 1935.
• Glorieux, Palémon: La littérature quodlibétique de 1260 à 1320, Paris II, 1935.
• Lohr, Charles: Medieval Latin Aristotle Commentaries, in: Traditio 28 (1972), 281-396.
• Weijers, Olga: Le travail intellectuel à la Faculté des arts de Paris: textes et maîtres (ca. 1200-1500), VII, Turnhout (Brepols) 2007 [Studia Artistarum, 15].
• Zimmermann, Albert: Verzeichnis ungedruckter Kommentare zur Metaphysik und Physik des Aristoteles aus der Zeit von etwa 1250-1350, Leiden-Köln (Brill) 1971 [STGMA, 9].

Links

Historische Hilfswissenschaften und Mittellatein

1 1250? 1285 France 1304 Clermont-Ferrand France