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Employment is almost universal in [[capitalism|capitalist]] societies. Opponents of capitalism such as [[Marxism|Marxist]]s oppose the capitalist employment system, considering it to be unfair that the people who contribute the majority of work to an organization do not receive a proportionate share of the profit. However, the [[Surrealism|surrealist]] and the [[situationist]] movements were among  the few groups to actually ''oppose'' work, and during the partially surrealist-influenced events of [[May 1968]] the walls of the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] were covered with anti-work graffiti.

Employment is almost universal in [[capitalism|capitalist]] societies. Opponents of capitalism such as [[Marxism|Marxist]]s oppose the capitalist employment system, considering it to be unfair that the people who contribute the majority of work to an organization do not receive a proportionate share of the profit. However, the [[Surrealism|surrealist]] and the [[situationist]] movements were among  the few groups to actually ''oppose'' work, and during the partially surrealist-influenced events of [[May 1968]] the walls of the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] were covered with anti-work graffiti.

Labourers often talk of "getting a job", or "having a job". This [[conceptual metaphor]] of a "job" as a possession has led to its use in slogans such as "money for jobs, not bombs". Similar conceptions are that of "land" as a possession ([[real estate]]) or [[intellectual rights]] as a possession ([[intellectual property]]). The [[Online Etymology Dictionary]] explains that the origin of "job" is from the obsolete phrase "jobbe of work" in the sense of "piece of work", and most dictionaries list the Middle English "gobbe" meaning "lump" (gob) as the origin of "jobbe". Attempts to link the word to the biblical character [[Job (Biblical figure)|Job]] seem to be [[folk etymology]].{{fact}}

Labourers often talk of "getting a job", or "having a job". This [[conceptual metaphor]] of a "job" as a possession has led to its use in slogans such as "money for jobs, not bombs". Similar conceptions are that of "land" as a possession ([[real estate]]) or [[intellectual rights]] as a possession ([[intellectual property]]). The [[Online Etymology Dictionary]] explains that the origin of "job" is from the obsolete phrase "jobbe of work" in the sense of "piece of work", and most dictionaries list the Middle English "gobbe" meaning "lump" (gob) as the origin of "jobbe". Attempts to link the word to the biblical character [[Job (Biblical figure)|Job]] seem to be [[folk etymology]].

==Employer==

==Employer==

== Alternatives ==

== Alternatives ==

When an individual entirely owns the business for which he or she labours, this is known as [[self-employment]]. If a self-employed individual has only one client for whom he or she performs work, he or she may be considered an employee of that client for tax purposes.{{fact}}<!-- Which country is this? e.g. is it true in all developmed countries...? --> Self-employment often leads to [[incorporation]]. Incorporation offers certain protections of one's personal assets. Laws of incorporation vary from state to state with California having the most incorporated businesses of any state in the U.S.  

When an individual entirely owns the business for which he or she labours, this is known as [[self-employment]]. If a self-employed individual has only one client for whom he or she performs work, he or she may be considered an employee of that client for tax purposes.<!-- Which country is this? e.g. is it true in all developmed countries...? --> Self-employment often leads to [[incorporation]]. Incorporation offers certain protections of one's personal assets. Laws of incorporation vary from state to state with California having the most incorporated businesses of any state in the U.S.  

Workers who are not paid wages, such as [[volunteer]]s, are generally not considered as being employed. One exception to this is an [[internship]], an employment situation in which the worker receives training or experience (and possibly college credit) as the chief form of compensation.

Workers who are not paid wages, such as [[volunteer]]s, are generally not considered as being employed. One exception to this is an [[internship]], an employment situation in which the worker receives training or experience (and possibly college credit) as the chief form of compensation.

Someone who works under obligation for the purpose of fulfilling a debt without pay is known as a [[slavery|slave]] and slaveowners are also not considered employers. Some historians suggest that slavery is older than employment, but both arrangements have existed for all recorded history.

Someone who works under obligation for the purpose of fulfilling a debt without pay is known as a [[slavery|slave]] and slaveowners are also not considered employers. Some historians suggest that slavery is older than employment, but both arrangements have existed for all recorded history.