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An intelligent civilization might not be organic, as some have suggested that [[artificial general intelligence]] may replace humanity.<ref>{{cite news |title=Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence 'may replace humans altogether'|date=2 November 2017|author=Aatif Sulleyman|work=independent.co.uk
An intelligent civilization might not be organic, as some have suggested that [[artificial general intelligence]] may replace humanity.<ref>{{cite news |title=Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence 'may replace humans altogether'|date=2 November 2017|author=Aatif Sulleyman|work=independent.co.uk
| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/stephen-hawking-artificial-intelligence-fears-ai-will-replace-humans-virus-life-a8034341.html}}</ref>
| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/stephen-hawking-artificial-intelligence-fears-ai-will-replace-humans-virus-life-a8034341.html}}</ref>
===Probabilistic combination of results===
Combining the estimates of the original six factors by major researchers via a Monte Carlo procedure leads to a best value for the non-longevity factors of 0.85 1/years.<ref>Golden, Leslie M. (2021) “A joint mind consideration of the Drake equation in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence,” <i>Acta Astronautica</i>, 185, 333-336; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2021.03.020</ref> This result differs insignificantly from the estimate of unity given both by Drake and the Cyclops report.
===Range of results===
===Range of results===