Changes

[[File:290px-Croatia topo.jpg|thumb|right|425px| Modern Croatia (Hrvatska)]]

[[File:290px-Croatia topo.jpg|thumb|right|425px| Modern Croatia (Hrvatska)]]

The first factual primary source,  to mention the [[Croatia|Croatian]] (Hrvat)<ref>It is believed that Hrvat in medieval times was pronounced "Hrovat".</ref> identity in the Balkans was that of '''Duke Branimir''' (Written in Latin:'' "Branimiro comite dux cruatorum cogitavit"''  c. 880 AD). <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=EqNiAAAAMAAJ&q=BRANIMIRO+COMITE+DUX+CRUATORUM+cogitavit&dq=BRANIMIRO+COMITE+DUX+CRUATORUM+cogitavit&hl=en&ei=MljwTfHIIoyKuAOO3_WhBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA  A History of the Croatian Language:] by Milan Mogus (p.13)</ref> Duke Branimir was a Slav from Dalmatia.  

The first factual primary source,  to mention the [[Croatia|Croatian]] (Hrvat)<ref>It is believed that Hrvat in medieval times was pronounced "'''Hrovat'''".</ref> identity in the Balkans was that of '''Duke Branimir''' (Written in Latin:'' "Branimiro comite dux cruatorum cogitavit"''  c. 880 AD). <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=EqNiAAAAMAAJ&q=BRANIMIRO+COMITE+DUX+CRUATORUM+cogitavit&dq=BRANIMIRO+COMITE+DUX+CRUATORUM+cogitavit&hl=en&ei=MljwTfHIIoyKuAOO3_WhBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA  A History of the Croatian Language:] by Milan Mogus (p.13)</ref> Duke Branimir was a Slav from Dalmatia.  

* [http://www.anchist.mq.edu.au/staff/danijel-dzino.html Dr Danijel Dzino] - Macquarie University, Sydney Australia stated: {{quote|

* [http://www.anchist.mq.edu.au/staff/danijel-dzino.html Dr Danijel Dzino] - Macquarie University, Sydney Australia stated: {{quote|

A group of Slavic <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA195&dq=Becoming+Slav,+Becoming+Croat+Identity+Transformations+in+Post-Roman+dux++Sclavorum+Branimir&hl=en&ei=NJ9ETonFO8fYrQe7msHSAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat:] Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino (p.195-p.196)

A group of Slavic <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA195&dq=Becoming+Slav,+Becoming+Croat+Identity+Transformations+in+Post-Roman+dux++Sclavorum+Branimir&hl=en&ei=NJ9ETonFO8fYrQe7msHSAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat:] Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino (p.195-p.196)

* "... region ruled by the dukes Mislav, Domagoj, Zdeslav, and Branimir, to whom is referred in the sources to as principes or duces Sclavorum."</ref> tribes invaded and then settled in the Dalmatian Hinterland (Roman Dalmatia). In the late 9th century within the  '''Carolingian Empire''' (Franks) a new provence Dalmatian Ducatus was created. Later it became a independent kingdom which was called the [[Directory:Croatia|Kingdom of Croatia]] (925–1102 AD). The new ''Kingdom of Croatia'' was ruled by Slavic nobility from the Dalmatian hinterland. The kingdom was named after the ruling class, which at the time ruled a medieval multi-ethnic state.  

* ''"... region ruled by the dukes Mislav, Domagoj, Zdeslav, and Branimir, to whom is referred in the sources to as principes or duces Sclavorum."''</ref> tribes invaded and then settled in the Dalmatian Hinterland (Roman Dalmatia). In the late 9th century within the  '''Carolingian Empire''' (Franks) a new provence Dalmatian Ducatus was created. Later it became a independent kingdom which was called the [[Directory:Croatia|Kingdom of Croatia]] (925–1102 AD). The new ''Kingdom of Croatia'' was ruled by Slavic nobility from the Dalmatian hinterland. The kingdom was named after the ruling class, which at the time ruled a medieval multi-ethnic state.  

The term ''Slav'' was first used by the Byzantines-Eastern Roman Empire (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550) in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in Latin, Sklabenoi was written Sclaveni. Hrvat is a word of Sarmatian (Persian) origins. <ref>Note: The Sarmatian tribes have been referred to as being Persian in origin (modern: ''Iranian people'').</ref>  In 1853 a Russian archaeologist Pavel Mikhailovich Leontjev discovered the Tanais Tablets. The Tanais Tablets mention three men: Horoúathos, Horoáthos, and Horóathos (Χορούαθ[ος], Χοροάθος, Χορόαθος). They are written in [[Greece|Greek]] and are from the 3rd century AD from the city of Tanais, today's Azov, Russia.  At that time the region had mainly a mix of Greek - Sarmatian population.

The term ''Slav'' was first used by the Byzantines-Eastern Roman Empire (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550) in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in Latin, Sklabenoi was written Sclaveni. Hrvat is a word of Sarmatian (Persian) origins. <ref>Note: The Sarmatian tribes have been referred to as being Persian in origin (modern: ''Iranian people'').</ref>  In 1853 a Russian archaeologist Pavel Mikhailovich Leontjev discovered the Tanais Tablets. The Tanais Tablets mention three men: Horoúathos, Horoáthos, and Horóathos (Χορούαθ[ος], Χοροάθος, Χορόαθος). They are written in [[Greece|Greek]] and are from the 3rd century AD from the city of Tanais, today's Azov, Russia.  At that time the region had mainly a mix of Greek - Sarmatian population.

It is also very interesting to note that recent DNA studies have stated that more than three quarters of today's Croatian men are the descendants of Europeans who inhabited Europe 13 000-20 000 years ago.<ref>[http://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/prezivjeli-ledeno-doba-hrvati-su-prastanovnici-europe-clanak-300151  Vecernji.hr: Preživjeli ledeno doba: Hrvati su prastanovnici Europe] ''(Vecernji.hr: Surviving an Ice Age: the Croats are descendants of prehistoric Europeans)''

It is also very interesting to note that recent DNA studies have stated that more than three quarters of today's Croatian men are the descendants of Europeans who inhabited Europe 13 000-20 000 years ago.<ref>[http://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/prezivjeli-ledeno-doba-hrvati-su-prastanovnici-europe-clanak-300151  Vecernji.hr: Preživjeli ledeno doba: Hrvati su prastanovnici Europe] ''(Vecernji.hr: Surviving an Ice Age: the Croats are descendants of prehistoric Europeans)''

* The article reports on the research work (12 years) of: prof. dr. Dragan Primorac, prof. dr. Pavle Rudan, prof. dr. Damir Marjanović, prof. dr. Peter Underhil and prof. dr. Richard Williams.  Article released '''14.06.2011'''</ref>  From a DNA studies perspective, the peoples who were living in Roman Dalmatia (''prior'' to the arrival of Slavic tribes) were genetically dominant and remain so to this day.  The peoples who were living in Roman Dalmatia in that period predominately were of an Illyrian-Roman Latin population. <ref>Note: Other peoples in the region were Liburnians, [[Greece|Greeks]], Celts, Guduscani, Ostrogoths (the last mentioned ''[[Germany|Germanic]] tribe'' related to the Goths).</ref>

* The article reports on the research work (12 years) of: prof. dr. Dragan Primorac, prof. dr. Pavle Rudan, prof. dr. Damir Marjanović, prof. dr. Peter Underhil and prof. dr. Richard Williams.  Article released '''14.06.2011'''</ref>  From a DNA studies perspective, the peoples who were living in Roman Dalmatia (''prior'' to the arrival of Slavic tribes) were genetically dominant and remain so to this day.  The peoples who were living in Roman Dalmatia in that period predominately were of an Illyrian-Roman Latin population. <ref>Note: Other peoples in the region were Liburnians, [[Greece|Greeks]], Celts, Guduscani (''"It has been assumed, that they were part of the Vandals, Goths or Lombards."'' '''referenced''' from: [http://self.gutenberg.org/articles/guduscani self.gutenberg.org:] ), Ostrogoths (the last mentioned ''[[Germany|Germanic]] tribe'' related to the Goths).</ref>

== Roman Dalmatia and the Old Kingdom ==

== Roman Dalmatia and the Old Kingdom ==