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The information concerning the early Zuvelas of Korčula is taken from a local 19th century historian from Blato called '''Nikola Ostojic''' (below): {{quote|
The information concerning the early Zuvelas of Korčula is taken from a local 19th century historian from Blato called '''Nikola Ostojic''' (below): {{quote|
'''''36'''. Xuvella. Of these people I don’t have any history except for their primitive residence that was in Rasohatija from where they moved to Blato (Uciack). Afterwards from the 1700s they built large houses and floors/attics/lofts which now remain largely empty because of their move to Vela Luka'' <ref>Vela Luka-Historijsko Topografski Prikaz by Nikola Ostojić </ref>}} He wrote a book about the town of Vela Luka in '''1853'''. The book was published in 1953. It was originally written in [[Italy|Italian]] with a Venetian dialect. Italian was the official language of the Dalmatian province<ref> Osnovna Škola "Vela Luka" Vela Luka Zbornik-150 Godina Školstva u Velaoj Luci (p8)</ref> at the time and had been so for centuries.
'''''36'''. Xuvella. Of these people I don’t have any history except for their primitive residence that was in Rasohatica from where they moved to Blato (Velikom Ucijacku). Afterwards from the 1700s they built large houses and floors/attics/lofts which now remain largely empty because of their move to Vela Luka'' <ref>Vela Luka-Historijsko Topografski Prikaz by Nikola Ostojić </ref>}} He wrote a book about the town of Vela Luka in '''1853'''. The book was published in 1953. It was originally written in [[Italy|Italian]] with a Venetian dialect. Italian was the official language of the Dalmatian province<ref> Osnovna Škola "Vela Luka" Vela Luka Zbornik-150 Godina Školstva u Velaoj Luci (p8)</ref> at the time and had been so for centuries.
In the 1860s Croatian (sometimes referred to as Illirski in the 19th century) <ref>'''Illyricum''' was a province of the Roman Empire. It was named after one of the indigenous peoples in that region.</ref> was introduced by the [[Austria|Austrian]] authorities as a second standardised language within the Kingdom of Dalmatia. It then slowly replaced Italian altogether.Thus the name Xuvella became Žuvela. From the late 19th century onwards the [[Dalmatian Italians|Dalmatian Italian]] culture has all but disappeared from the region. The last Italian language government school was abolished in Korčula (Curzola) on the 13th of September 1876.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kMXURN7sxh4C&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=The+Italians+of+Dalmatia+Curzola+school&source=bl&ots=Sx1bUxdn1A&sig=YCATl36eEUduI42Azs0GVUeepBo&hl=en#v=onepage&q=The%20Italians%20of%20Dalmatia%20Curzola%20school&f=false The Italians of Dalmatia] by Luciano Monzali (p83)</ref><ref>'''Editor's Note''': In the neighbouring '''Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia''' a [[Croatia|Croatian]] nationalistic movement was established and alongside that, within the Balkan region a Pan-Slavic movement was growing (the beginnings of the ill fated Yugoslavia). These political on goings started to be felt in the Kingdom of Dalmatia. The [[Austria|Austrians]] in the 1860s started to introduce (a process of [[Croatisation]]) within the Kingdom of Dalmatia a standardised Croatian language sometimes referred to as Illirski. It then replaced Italian altogether. In effect the government undertook culture genocide. For centuries the Italian language was the official language of the Dalmatian establishment. It was also the spoken language in white-collar, civil service and merchant families. Privately Italian schools were still being run in the Kingdom of Dalmatia, i.e the city of Zadar and Split (Lega Nazionale at Spalato).</ref>
In the 1860s Croatian (sometimes referred to as Illirski in the 19th century) <ref>'''Illyricum''' was a province of the Roman Empire. It was named after one of the indigenous peoples in that region.</ref> was introduced by the [[Austria|Austrian]] authorities as a second standardised language within the Kingdom of Dalmatia. It then slowly replaced Italian altogether.Thus the name Xuvella became Žuvela. From the late 19th century onwards the [[Dalmatian Italians|Dalmatian Italian]] culture has all but disappeared from the region. The last Italian language government school was abolished in Korčula (Curzola) on the 13th of September 1876.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kMXURN7sxh4C&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=The+Italians+of+Dalmatia+Curzola+school&source=bl&ots=Sx1bUxdn1A&sig=YCATl36eEUduI42Azs0GVUeepBo&hl=en#v=onepage&q=The%20Italians%20of%20Dalmatia%20Curzola%20school&f=false The Italians of Dalmatia] by Luciano Monzali (p83)</ref><ref>'''Editor's Note''': In the neighbouring '''Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia''' a [[Croatia|Croatian]] nationalistic movement was established and alongside that, within the Balkan region a Pan-Slavic movement was growing (the beginnings of the ill fated Yugoslavia). These political on goings started to be felt in the Kingdom of Dalmatia. The [[Austria|Austrians]] in the 1860s started to introduce (a process of [[Croatisation]]) within the Kingdom of Dalmatia a standardised Croatian language sometimes referred to as Illirski. It then replaced Italian altogether. In effect the government undertook culture genocide. For centuries the Italian language was the official language of the Dalmatian establishment. It was also the spoken language in white-collar, civil service and merchant families. Privately Italian schools were still being run in the Kingdom of Dalmatia, i.e the city of Zadar and Split (Lega Nazionale at Spalato).</ref>
* Beginnings of Formal Education - Vela Luka:
* Beginnings of Formal Education - Vela Luka:
* Felippa Zavello Ianain 1892
* Felippa Zavello Ianain 1892
* Franceso Zavello 1922
* Franceso Zavello 1922
==CONCLUSION==
Based on the records which are avaible to me, I have come to this conclusion. My research is largely based on the writings of Zvonko Maricich and Nikola Ostojic, plus three ''Family Trees of the Zuvelas'' that were kindly given to me.
'''THE OLD XUVELLAs'''
The Xuvellas arrived on the island of Korčula in the 1630s, then part of the Republic of Venice. Most likely refugees, they settled in the west end of Korčula (back then referred to as Curzola). They set up residency in a small field called Rasohatica (then called Rasohatija), they had two sons who where Antonio Xuvella and Cosma Xuvella. Antonio marred FRANCISCA (Frana) and they had two sons. The two sons were Matteo Xuvella born 1670 (modern Croatian: Matija) and Marino born 1675 (modern Croatian: Marin). Cosma Xuvella had a son called Giovanni Xuvella, year mentioned 1672 (modern Croatian: Kuzma and Giovanni is Ivan in Croatian).
One has to ask, is it possible that the Zuvela families are all descended from the individuals mention above? It’s most likely true.
The early Zuvelas were no time wasters. A Mr Antonio Xuvella in the 1640s was an owner of no less than 211 sheep. The Xuvellas moved to the near by village of Blato (then called Blatta) and bought houses and properties there.
For many centuries Romance Latin language called Dalmatian and the old Croatian Chakavian language were the norm on the island. With time these languages started to overlap. By the time Zuvelas arrived on the island the majority of the population of the island of Korčula (in particularly the west end) spoke old Croatian with a heavy mix of the Romance Dalmatian language, and with influences of Venetian. So with time verbally Antonio would become Ante. Written language was a different story, Latin and Venetian were the standard written language back then so Antonio still existed in written form. It is quite possible that both verbally Antonio and Ante were used at first with Antonio slowly disappearing from local language. In 1797 the island of Korčula was no longer part of the Republic of Venice. The last Italian language government school was abolished in the town of Korčula on the 13th of September 1876.
Currently my thoughts on the actual word Xuvella as a surname might have been created with the Zuvelas arrival on the island in the early 1600s, which signalled a new fresh start for the family. There is a theory that the Xuvellas were Spanish-Jews who were expelled in 1493 from Spain. From there they moved to northern Italy and then to the Republic of Venice. In that time period Jews did settle in Split (Spalato) as well as elsewhere within the Venetian Dalmatia province of which the island of Korčula was a part.
== See also ==
== See also ==