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Dalmatian Italians (view source)

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'''Dalmatian Italians''' are a historical national minority in the region of Dalmatia which is now predominately part of [[Croatia]].

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When [[Austria]] occupied the region of Dalmatia in '''1815''' the Venetian (Italian) population made up, (''according'' to the Italian linguist Bartoli) nearly one third of Dalmatia in the first half of the 19th century. The 1816 Austro-Hungarian census registered 66 000 Italian speaking people among the 301 000 inhabitants of the Kingdom of Dalmatia, or 22% of the total Dalmatian population. After [[World War II]], the Dalmatian Italian population was reduced to 300 in Dalmatia and 500 in Montenegro. <ref>[http://www.google.com.au/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=Encyclopedia%20of%20Genocide%20and%20Crimes%20Against%20Humanity%20Dinah%20Shelton%20ethnic%20Italians%20fled%20to%20Italy%20in%20the%20late%201940s%20and%201950s&oe=UTF-8&redir_esc=&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbo=u&tbm=bks&source=og&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wp Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, Volume 3] by Dinah Shelton Macmillan Reference, 2005 - Political Science (p.1170)</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia|title="Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 24 Nov, 2010 |date=[[2010]]|accessdate=2010-11-25}}

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When [[Austria]] occupied the region of Dalmatia in '''1815''' the Venetian (Italian) population made up, (''according'' to the Italian linguist Bartoli) nearly one third of Dalmatia in the first half of the 19th century. The 1816 Austro-Hungarian census registered 66 000 Italian speaking people among the 301 000 inhabitants of the Kingdom of Dalmatia, or 22% of the total Dalmatian population. After [[World War II]], the Dalmatian Italian population was reduced to 300 in Dalmatia and 500 in Montenegro. <ref> Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, Volume 3 by Dinah Shelton Macmillan Reference, 2005 - Political Science (p.1170)</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia|title="Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 24 Nov, 2010 |date=[[2010]]|accessdate=2010-11-25}}

* "Native German and Hungarian communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people—half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia—fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced labor, murdered, or later ransomed by West Germany. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on death marches towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 '''ethnic Italians''' fled to [[Italy]] in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)"</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=5s-Iqn0YxnQC&pg=PA77&dq=Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=Tps9Tb6wNY35cbTZmYUH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Foibe%20massacres&f=false The Frontiers of Europe] ''by'' Malcolm Anderson & Eberhard Bort (p77)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=da6acnbbEpAC&pg=PA155&dq=History+in+Exile:+Memory+and+Identity+at+the+Borders+of+the+Balkans++++++++++Foibe+massacres+the+Balkans&hl=en&ei=THOSTemTF8X4cZfDuIkH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false History in Exile:] Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans by Pamela Ballinger (p155)</ref>

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Ivan Gundulic wrote many works in [[Italian language|Italian]] and Slavic (today referred to as Croatian<ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/172803/Dubrovnik|title="Dubrovnik." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-03-8}}</ref>).

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One of these was the Slavic poem [http://books.google.com/books?id=J8coAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Osman]. Interestingly, in 1967 his work was referred to as ''"The works of the greatest poet of early Yugoslav literature, Ivan Gundulić"'' taken from the book Dubrovnik by Bariša Krekić<ref>~~[http://www.google.com.au/search?hl=en&client=safari&rls=en&tbm=bks&q=Ivan+Gundulić+Osman+~~Dubrovnik~~+by+Bariša+Krekić&btnG=Search&oq=Ivan+Gundulić+Osman+Dubrovnik+by+Bariša+Krekić&aq=f&aqi=&aql=1&gs_sm=s&gs_upl=112466l114859l0l116566l2l2l0l0l0l0l820l820l6-1l1l0 Dubrovnik]~~ by Bariša Krekić ''"The works of the greatest poet of early Yugoslav literature, Ivan Gundulic, 1589 — 1638, are the best testimony to this. His epic "Osman" ranks among the greatest masterpieces of early Slavic literature, and also among the most ..."''</ref>

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One of these was the Slavic poem [http://books.google.com/books?id=J8coAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Osman]. Interestingly, in 1967 his work was referred to as ''"The works of the greatest poet of early Yugoslav literature, Ivan Gundulić"'' taken from the book Dubrovnik by Bariša Krekić<ref> Dubrovnik by Bariša Krekić ''"The works of the greatest poet of early Yugoslav literature, Ivan Gundulic, 1589 — 1638, are the best testimony to this. His epic "Osman" ranks among the greatest masterpieces of early Slavic literature, and also among the most ..."''</ref>

==Notes and References==

Peter Z.

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