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Directory:Josip Broz Tito and Wikipedia (view source)

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'''Wikipedia's''' article on ''Dictator'' '''Josip Broz Tito''' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito|title=Josip Broz Tito, 2011. Mon. 10 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-10}}</ref> ~~and~~ '''Titoism''' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titoism|title=Titoism, 2011. Mon. 10 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-10}}</ref> is mostly [[Communists|Communist]] propaganda of the now defunct ''Communist Party'' of the former Yugoslavia. As it turns out [[Criticism of Jimmy Wales|Jimmy Wales]] has provided a perfect vehicle for propaganda of this type. The articles are mainly written by Editors from Croatia and supported by other Editors who have communist leanings. It is written in a non-encyclopaedic fashion and does not represent contemporary views. Sections of ~~the ''Josip Broz Tito'' article about the Dictator~~ are written in a child-like manner, similar to the Yugoslav primary school textbooks from the 1970s.

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'''Wikipedia's''' article on Dictator '''Josip Broz Tito''', <ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito|title=Josip Broz Tito, 2011. Mon. 10 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-10}}</ref> '''Titoism''' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titoism|title=Titoism, 2011. Mon. 10 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-10}}</ref> and '''Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia''' is mostly [[Communists|Communist]] propaganda of the now defunct Communist Party of the former Yugoslavia. As it turns out [[Criticism of Jimmy Wales|Jimmy Wales]] has provided a perfect vehicle for propaganda of this type. The articles are mainly written by Editors from Croatia and supported by other Editors who have communist leanings. It is written in a non-encyclopaedic fashion and does not represent contemporary views. Sections of these articles are written in a child-like manner, similar to the Yugoslav primary school textbooks from the 1970s.

After the fall of the '''Berlin Wall''' and the collapse of Yugoslavia, factual evidence has emerged that Dictator [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito| Josip Broz Tito]] and his regime (former Yugoslavia) were responsible for executing mass murders, arrests and torture.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/partisan_fighters_01.shtml#six '''BBC-History Partisans''':] War in the Balkans 1941-1945. Dr Stephen A Hart is senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He is the author of The Road to Falaise: Operations "Totalize" & "Tractable" (Alan Sutton, 2004), "Montgomery " and "Colossal Cracks": The 21st Army Group in Northwest Europe, 1944-45 (Praeger, 2000).

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* "An Addition to the Research of the Problem of Bleiburg & '''Way of the Cross'''. This paper dedicated to the 60th anniversary of these tragic events represents a small step towards the elaboration of known data and brings a list of yet unknown and unpublished original documents, mostly belonging to the '''Yugoslavian Military''' and Political Government 1945-1947. Amongst those documents are those mostly relating to Croatian territory although a majority of [[Talk:Titoism and Totalitarianism|concentration camps]] and execution sites were outside of Croatia, in other parts of Yugoslavia. The author hopes that the readers will receive a complete picture about events related to ''Bleiburg'' and the ''Way of The Cross'' and the suffering of numerous Croats, which is confirmed directly in many documents and is related to the execution of a person or a whole group of people and sometimes non-stop for days."</ref> ''Bleiburg'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/445176/Partisan|title="Partisan." '''Encyclopædia Britannica'''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Mon. 10 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-10}}</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ZK2WE_2H3UEC&pg=PA168&dq=Bleiburg+massacre&hl=en&ei=kbsiTJ-MDIHJcc2kzIkF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q&f=false Identity Politics in the Age of Genocide:] The Holocaust and Historical ''by'' David B. MacDonald. (p168)

* "The Partisans also carried out massacres, best known being at '''Bleiburg''' (Austria), where retreating Croatian and Slovenian forces and their families were massacred."</ref><ref>[http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/genocide/yugoslav-hist1.htm Yalta and The Bleiburg Tragedy] by C Michael McAdams/University of San Francisco, California-[[USA]]. Presented at the International Symposium for Investigation of the Bleiburg Tragedy Zagreb, Croatia and Bleiburg, Austria May 17 and 18, 1994.</ref><ref>Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases by Inc Icon Group International</ref><ref>'''Bleiburg Massacre''':

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* "Among the Croats were real or alleged members or collaborators of the fascist regime. The Croats were members or collaborators of the fascist regime, although there were many '''frightened innocent people''', however, these two were inextricably mixed and the pursuing partisans appear to have unfortunately labelled them all as traitors since they were fleeing with the fascist units that were attempting to surrender to British forces in [[Austria]]. Apart from Croats, present in the fleeing military columns were remaining units of the Serbian Chetniks and the Slovenian Bela Garda, the vast majority of both were killed as well. The British forces refused to accept the Ustasa's surrender as per the Allied agreement and they were prevented from entering the British occupied areas."</ref> and ''Foibe massacres''.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=5s-Iqn0YxnQC&pg=PA77&dq=Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=Tps9Tb6wNY35cbTZmYUH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Foibe%20massacres&f=false The Frontiers of Europe] ''by'' Malcolm Anderson & Eberhard Bort (p77)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA136&dq=Foibe+massacres+Refugees+in+the+Age+of+Total+War+by+Anna+Bramwell&hl=en&ei=pApCTdDhCIa8cKvn6d0N&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell (p136)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PR12&dq=A+tragedy+revealed:+the+story+of+the+Italian+population+of+Istria,+Dalmatia+Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=PJI9TZ6vMoP5cb3LlIYH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco. (~~Page xii)<~~/~~ref><ref>Annali d'italianistica: Volume 23 by University of Notre Dame~~. ~~Dept~~. ~~of Modern and Classical Languages~~. ~~Italian Section - 2005~~</ref><ref>[http://miran.pecenik.com/ts/balkan/balkan6.htm Where the Balkans Begin (The Slovenes in Triest-The Foiba Story)] by Bernard Meares:

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* "Among the Croats were real or alleged members or collaborators of the fascist regime. The Croats were members or collaborators of the fascist regime, although there were many '''frightened innocent people''', however, these two were inextricably mixed and the pursuing partisans appear to have unfortunately labelled them all as traitors since they were fleeing with the fascist units that were attempting to surrender to British forces in [[Austria]]. Apart from Croats, present in the fleeing military columns were remaining units of the Serbian Chetniks and the Slovenian Bela Garda, the vast majority of both were killed as well. The British forces refused to accept the Ustasa's surrender as per the Allied agreement and they were prevented from entering the British occupied areas."</ref> and ''Foibe massacres''.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=5s-Iqn0YxnQC&pg=PA77&dq=Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=Tps9Tb6wNY35cbTZmYUH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Foibe%20massacres&f=false The Frontiers of Europe] ''by'' Malcolm Anderson & Eberhard Bort (p77)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=da6acnbbEpAC&pg=PA155&dq=History+in+Exile:+Memory+and+Identity+at+the+Borders+of+the+Balkans++++++++++Foibe+massacres+the+Balkans&hl=en&ei=THOSTemTF8X4cZfDuIkH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false History in Exile:] Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans by Pamela Ballinger (p155)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA136&dq=Foibe+massacres+Refugees+in+the+Age+of+Total+War+by+Anna+Bramwell&hl=en&ei=pApCTdDhCIa8cKvn6d0N&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell (p136, ''read '''Zara'''''-p137)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PR12&dq=A+tragedy+revealed:+the+story+of+the+Italian+population+of+Istria,+Dalmatia+Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=PJI9TZ6vMoP5cb3LlIYH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco. (p12 & [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PA81&dq=A+tragedy+revealed+Zadra&hl=en&ei=_1BjTfX8HIamugPH9r28Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false page 81] '''Zadar'''/Zara)</ref><ref>[http://miran.pecenik.com/ts/balkan/balkan6.htm Where the Balkans Begin (The Slovenes in Triest-The Foiba Story)] by Bernard Meares:

*"During the early Communist occupation in Trieste, Gorizia and the Littoral, and the 40 days of [[Communists|Communist]] rule in Trieste city, some 6000 arrests were made and the prisoners carried off to Communist-controlled areas. When the Allies finally imposed their rule they found out about the '''Yugoslav execution''' squads. The more objective Italian historians and statisticians such as Galliano Fogar and Raoul Pupo point to between 1000 and 1800 [[Italy|Italians]] and [[Slovenia|Slovene]] victims. The '''Red Cross''' estimates that 2,250 failed to return , in rough agreement with Bogdan Novak who said in 1971 that 4200 Italians returned out of 6000 arrested." </ref>

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*'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''' on events post [[World War Two]] in Yugoslavia:

{{Cquote|''British commanders refused to accept their surrender and handed them over to the Partisans, who took a merciless revenge. Tens of thousands, including many civilians, were subsequently slaughtered on forced marches and in death camps.'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/143561/Croatia|title=Croatia." '''Encyclopædia Britannica.''' Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Mon. 10 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-10}}</ref>}}

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* [http://www.newcomers-network.de/newsfeed_dpa/110217German_mass_grave_sheds_new_light_on_clo.php Newcomers Network:] German Mass Grave Sheds New Light on Close of World War Two (Zargreb-Croatia)

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* [http://www.newcomers-network.de/newsfeed_dpa/110217German_mass_grave_sheds_new_light_on_clo.php Newcomers Network:] German Mass Grave Sheds New Light on Close of World War Two (Zargreb-Croatia). Vladimir Geiger of the [[Croatia|Croatian]] Institute for History:{{Cquote|''The list of German victims includes 26,000 women and 5,800 children who died in [[Talk:Titoism and Totalitarianism|Yugoslav Camps]]''- Geiger said.}}Additionally there is the ethnic cleansing of [[Italy|Italians]] and [[Directory:Germany|Germans]] of the former Yugoslavia. <ref>[http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia www.enotes.com "Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 26 Jun, 2010 ] Yugoslavia: Genocide & Crimes Against Humanity-Mark Thompson.

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~~{{Cquote|~~Vladimir Geiger of the Croatian Institute for History:''The list of German victims includes 26,000 women and 5,800 children who died in [[Talk:Titoism and Totalitarianism|Yugoslav Camps]]''- Geiger said.}}

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Additionally there is the ethnic cleansing of [[Italy|Italians]] and [[Directory:Germany|Germans]] of the former Yugoslavia. <ref>[http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/yugoslavia www.enotes.com "Yugoslavia." Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Gale Cengage, 2005. eNotes.com. 2006. 26 Jun, 2010 ] Yugoslavia: Genocide & Crimes Against Humanity-Mark Thompson.

*"The killing continued after the war, as Tito's victorious forces took revenge on their real and perceived enemies. British forces in Austria turned back tens of thousands of fleeing Yugoslavs. Estimates range from 30,000 to 55,000 killed between spring and autumn 1945."

*"Native German and Hungarian communities, seen as complicit with wartime occupation, were brutally treated; tantamount in some cases to ethnic cleansing. The Volksdeutsch settlements of Vojvodina and Slavonia largely disappeared. Perhaps 100,000 people—half the ethnic German population in Yugoslavia—fled in 1945, and many who remained were compelled to do forced Labour, murdered, or later ransomed by [[Germany|West Germany]]. Some 20,000 Hungarians of Vojvodina were killed in reprisals. Albanian rebellions in Kosovo were suppressed, with prisoners sent on '''death marches''' towards the coast. An estimated 170,000 ethnic Italians fled to Italy in the late 1940s and 1950s. (All of these figures are highly approximate.)"</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqFyQhi5FFAC&pg=PA181&dq=Ethnic+cleansing+of+Germans,+Hungarians+and+Italians+Yugoslavia&hl=en&ei=VqqmTNSYAoPmvQOChdnnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20Germans%2C%20Hungarians%20and%20Italians%20Yugoslavia&f=false Ethnic Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Responses] by Karl Cordell & Stefan Wolff (p181)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=5s-Iqn0YxnQC&pg=PA77&dq=Foibe+massacres&hl=en&ei=Tps9Tb6wNY35cbTZmYUH&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Foibe%20massacres&f=false The Frontiers of Europe] ''by'' Malcolm Anderson & Eberhard Bort (p77)</ref> One only has to mention [[Titoism and Totalitarianism#Goli Otok|Goli Otok]],<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=FTw3lEqi2-oC&pg=PA179&dq=Andrija+Hebrang+purge&cd=4#v=onepage&q=goli%20otok&f=false The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918-2005] by Sabrina P. Ramet. (p377).</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=RIIX4PCkduwC&pg=PA377&dq=Discontents:+Postmodern+and+Post-communist+(2002)+tito.&hl=en&ei=-73DS_ikK4zk7APE7vGzCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=goli%20otok&f=false Discontents: Postmodern and Postcommunist] by Paul Hollander. (p397)</ref><ref>[http://www.goliotok.com/ Goli Otok: Yugoslavia’s Evil Island Gulag] '''Josip Zoretic'''-Political prisoner of the former Yugoslavia's most notorious prison. Goli Otok: Hell in the Adriatic (book) by Josip Zoretic</ref> a notorious prison on the Croatian coast (former Yugoslavia’s Evil Island-Gulag). The terror campaign lasted for about twenty years until the regime introduced '''reforms''' in the 1960's.

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== Government of the Slovenia ==

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The government of the [[Slovenia|Republic of Slovenia]] (a former republic of Yugoslavia) has commission a study of communist crimes in the immediate post [[World War Two]] period. It was called ''Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia''. Their work was completed in October 2009. Below is a Croatian Newspaper ''Jutarnji'' report on the matter:<ref>[http://www.jutarnji.hr/u-581-grobnici-je-100-000-zrtava/310887/ www.jutarnji.hr] U 581 Grobnici je 100.000 žrtava. [http://translate.google.com.au/translate?hl=en&sl=hr&u=http://www.jutarnji.hr/u-581-grobnici-je-100-000-zrtava/310887/&ei=8x3BS-n7MYH-6QP17L3CCQ&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAcQ7gEwAA&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.jutarnji.hr/u-581-grobnici-je-100-000-zrtava/310887/%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den-us English version:] The Jutarnji newspaper reported on the 01/10/2009 commissions find, in all it is estimated that there are 100 000 victims in 581 mass graves</ref>

'''Jutarnji''' wrote on the 01/10/2009 - '''100 000 Victims In 581 Mass Graves''':

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{{Cquote|In Slovenia, three basic books came out needed for the study of communist crimes in the immediate post-war period. It specifies graves where liquidation and execution of prisoners of war were carried out in its territory.

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{{Cquote|''In Slovenia, three basic books came out needed for the study of communist crimes in the immediate post-war period. It specifies graves where liquidation and execution of prisoners of war were carried out in its territory.''

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This is a report by the Commission of the Government of the Republic of Slovenia for testing grave sites under the leadership of ~~'''~~Joze Dezman~~'''~~ and the historian ~~'''~~Mitja Ferenc~~'''~~ (author of 'Hidden in his Father Zakrito' & 'Prikrita Grobišča 60 Let po Koncu Druge Svetovne Vojne'). The report of the Commission of the Government specifies the number of mass graves and victims and their nationality.

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''This is a report by the Commission of the Government of the Republic of Slovenia for testing grave sites under the leadership of Joze Dezman and the historian Mitja Ferenc (author of 'Hidden in his Father Zakrito' & 'Prikrita Grobišča 60 Let po Koncu Druge Svetovne Vojne'). The report of the Commission of the Government specifies the number of mass graves and victims and their nationality.''

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In this collection, in Slovenia, there was discovered and detected 581 mass graves in which, the author estimates about 100 000 victims in total. According to the research of Slovenian and Croatian historians, Partisans in Slovenia liquidated most of the Ustasa and Home Guard units. The Croats accounted for between 50 to 80 thousands casualties.}}

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''In this collection, in Slovenia, there was discovered and detected 581 mass graves in which, the author estimates about 100 000 victims in total. According to the research of Slovenian and Croatian historians, Partisans in Slovenia liquidated most of the Ustasa and Home Guard units. The Croats accounted for between 50 to 80 thousands casualties.''}}

The factual evidence (above) has cast a very different light on [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito|Josip Broz Tito]] (the Commander of all Yugoslav Partisans/Communists during World War Two). He and his comrades were responsible for these Communist Crimes. Wikipedia's article on this individual seems to gloss over all of the mentioned historical events (in this article), or just does not '''mention''' them at all.

'''Note''': [[Titoism and Totalitarianism#Joze Dezman|Joze Dezman]] is a Slovenian historian. He is currently the director of the [http://www.muzej-nz.si/eng/eng_o_muzeju.html National Museum of Contemporary History] in Ljubljana, Slovenia.

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== Usage of Wikipedia ==

The usage of [[Wikipedia]] as a tool for promoting this type of propaganda is second only to Google itself. It is quite possible that this came about due to the fact that other editors and Admin are simply uneducated in these matters.

This exposes a major flaw in Wikipedia which is that a group of editors ''can learn to work the system so they can promote their own point of view'', so that the article will become a stated Wiki fact, and itself a piece of history. Is Wikipedia taking on a darker tone? Where are the '''ethical''' and moral issues involved in creating a feel good story about Dictator Josip Broz Tito.

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~~{{Cquote|~~'''Statement''' by a Wikipedia Editor: ... they have absolutely nothing to do with Josip Broz Tito}}'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''':

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'''Statement''' by a Wikipedia Editor:{{Cquote| ... ''they have absolutely nothing to do with Josip Broz Tito''}}'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''':

{{Cquote|''After the armistice the British repatriated more than 10,000 Slovene collaborators who had attempted to retreat with the Germans, and '''Tito''' had most of them massacred at the infamous Pits of Kocevje''. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/549081/Slovenia|title="Slovenia." '''Encyclopædia Britannica'''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Mon. 10 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-10}}</ref>}}

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====European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" - European Public Hearing Perspective on the former Yugoslavia====

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Reports and proceedings of the 8th of April European public hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes”,<ref>[http://internationallawobserver.eu/2009/06/22/responding-to-post-second-world-war-totalitarian-crimes-in-slovenia/ International Law Observer] Responding to post-Second World War totalitarian crimes in Slovenia

Posted on June 22, 2009 by Jernej Letnar Cernic</ref> organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the '''European Commission''',<ref>[http://europa.eu/institutions/inst/comm/index_en.htm The European Commission:]

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{{Cquote|

Totalitarian machines:

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''Let us mention briefly Fascism, National Socialism and [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito|Titoism]] in Italy, Austria and Slovenia (a former republic of Yugoslavia). Three Christian nations, with nationalist tendencies, were infected with totalitarianism. The descent into barbarism has comparable structural elements:'' <ref>[http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf '''European Public Hearing''' on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"] Reports and proceedings of the 8 April European public hearing on “Crimes committed

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''Let us mention briefly Fascism, National Socialism and~~'''~~ Titoism~~'''~~ in Italy, Austria and Slovenia (a former republic of Yugoslavia). Three Christian nations, with nationalist tendencies, were infected with totalitarianism. The descent into barbarism has comparable structural elements:'' <ref>[http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf '''European Public Hearing''' on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"] Reports and proceedings of the 8 April European public hearing on “Crimes committed

by totalitarian regimes”, organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of

the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the European Commission.

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*Abuse of national sentiment to carry out racial and class revolutionary projects;

*Cult of a great leader, who permits his fanatics to murder, steal and lie;

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*Dictatorship of ~~'''~~one party~~'''~~;

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*Dictatorship of one party;

*Militarisation of society, police state – almighty secret political police;

*Collectivism, subjection of the citizen to the totalitarian state;

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*State terrorism with systematic abuses of basic ~~'''~~human rights~~'''~~;

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*State terrorism with systematic abuses of basic human rights;

*Aggressive assumption of power and struggle for territory. (page 197.)}}

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== Cult of Personality ==

The article doesn't even mention Josip Broz Tito's ''Cult of Personality'':<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Mi9b2yenE0kC&pg=PA91&dq=cult+of+personality+Josip+broz+tito&client=safari&cd=8#v=onepage&q=&f=false Governing by Committee:] Collegial Leadership in Advanced Societies by Thomas A. Baylis. Communist Collective Leadership, (p91)</ref><ref>Government Leaders, Military Rulers and Political Activists: An Encyclopaedia of People Who Changed the World (Lives & Legacies Series)-By David W. Del Testa, Florence Lemoine & John Strickland/ Legacy Chapter (p181)</ref>

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{{Cquote|''Virtually every communist system extinct or surviving at one point or another, had a supreme leader who was both extraordinarily powerful and surrounded by a bizarre cult, indeed worshipped. In the past (or in more traditional contemporary societies) such cults were ~~'''~~reserved for deities~~'''~~ and associated with conventional religious behaviour and institutions. These cults although apparently an intrinsic part of communist dictatorships (at any rate at a stage in their evolution) are largely forgotten today.''

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{{Cquote|''Virtually every communist system extinct or surviving at one point or another, had a supreme leader who was both extraordinarily powerful and surrounded by a bizarre cult, indeed worshipped. In the past (or in more traditional contemporary societies) such cults were reserved for deities and associated with conventional religious behaviour and institutions. These cults although apparently an intrinsic part of communist dictatorships (at any rate at a stage in their evolution) are largely forgotten today.''

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''Stalin, Maio, Castro, Ho Chi Minh, Kim Sung, Enver Hoxha, Ceascesu, Dimitrov, Ulbricht, Gottwald, ~~'''~~Tito~~'''~~ and others all were the object of such cults. The prototypical cult was that of ~~'''~~Stalin~~'''~~ which was duplicated elsewhere with minor variations''. <ref> Discontents: Post-modern and Post-communist by Paul Hollander. (p377)</ref> }}

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''Stalin, Maio, Castro, Ho Chi Minh, Kim Sung, Enver Hoxha, Ceascesu, Dimitrov, Ulbricht, Gottwald, [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito|Tito]] and others all were the object of such cults. The prototypical cult was that of Stalin which was duplicated elsewhere with minor variations''. <ref> Discontents: Post-modern and Post-communist by Paul Hollander. (p377)</ref> }}

Above is referenced from Paul Hollander's '''‘Discontents: Post-modern and Post-communist’''' Paul Hollander is an American scholar, journalist, and conservative political writer. (Ph.D in Sociology. Princeton University, 1963, B.A. London School of Economics, 1959 Professor Emeritus of Sociology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Centre Associate, Davis)

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==Economic realities==

An interesting fact is that the article does not mention that Josip Broz and his fellow communists were committing economic suicide in the 1960's and 70's. Credit where credit is due; the Communist party of Yugoslavia did raise the standard of living in the 1960s and 1970s. This was achieved through Western investment,<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=MO0brh8EgdcC&pg=PR16&dq=Keeping+Tito+Afloat:+The+United+States,+Yugoslavia,+and+the+Cold+War+loans&hl=en&ei=0VB2TPu3GMWrcYbigY8G&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=loans&f=false Keeping Tito Afloat by Lorraine M. Lees:]

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Factual statements on economic realities of Josip Broz and his fellow Communists:

*'''Encyclopaedia Britannica''' states:

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{{Cquote|''He knew that the Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, and others could not be integrated within some new supranation, nor would they willingly accept the hegemony of any of their number; yet his supranational Yugoslavism frequently smacked of unitarism. He promoted self-management but never gave up on the party’s monopoly of power. He permitted broad freedoms in science, art, and culture that were unheard of in the Soviet bloc, but he kept excoriating the West. He preached peaceful coexistence but built an army that, in 1991, delivered the coup de grace to the dying Yugoslav state. At his death, the ~~'''~~state treasury~~'''~~ was ~~'''~~empty~~'''~~ and political opportunists unchecked. He died too late for constructive change, too early to prevent chaos.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/597295/Josip-Broz-Tito|title='''"Josip Broz Tito."''' '''Encyclopædia Britannica'''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Sat. 08 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-08}}</ref> }}

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{{Cquote|''He knew that the Serbs, [[Croatia|Croats]], [[Slovenia|Slovenes]], and others could not be integrated within some new supranation, nor would they willingly accept the hegemony of any of their number; yet his supranational Yugoslavism frequently smacked of unitarism. He promoted self-management but never gave up on the party’s monopoly of power. He permitted broad freedoms in science, art, and culture that were unheard of in the Soviet bloc, but he kept excoriating the West. He preached peaceful coexistence but built an army that, in 1991, delivered the coup de grace to the dying Yugoslav state. At his death, the state treasury was empty and political opportunists unchecked. He died too late for constructive change, too early to prevent chaos.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/597295/Josip-Broz-Tito|title='''"Josip Broz Tito."''' '''Encyclopædia Britannica'''. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Sat. 08 Jan. 2011. |date=[[2011]]|accessdate=2011-01-08}}</ref> }}

*'''BBC''' UK/History by Tim Judah:

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{{Cquote|''Tito's Yugoslavia also gained enormous prestige as a founder of the non-aligned movement, which aimed to find a place in world politics for countries that did not want to stand foursquare behind either of the two superpowers. Despite all this, and although there was much substance to Tito's Yugoslavia, much was illusion too. The economy was built on the ~~'''~~shaky foundations~~'''~~ of ~~'''~~massive western loans~~'''~~. Even liberal communism had its limits, as did the very nature of the federation. Stirrings of nationalist dissent in Croatia and Kosovo were crushed. The federation worked because in reality the voice of only one man counted - that of Tito himself.'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/yugoslavia_03.shtml|title='''BBC-History''' by Tim Judah|}}</ref>}}

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{{Cquote|''Tito's Yugoslavia also gained enormous prestige as a founder of the non-aligned movement, which aimed to find a place in world politics for countries that did not want to stand foursquare behind either of the two superpowers. Despite all this, and although there was much substance to Tito's Yugoslavia, much was illusion too. The economy was built on the shaky foundations of massive western loans. Even liberal communism had its limits, as did the very nature of the federation. Stirrings of nationalist dissent in Croatia and Kosovo were crushed. The federation worked because in reality the voice of only one man counted - that of Tito himself.'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/yugoslavia_03.shtml|title='''BBC-History''' by Tim Judah|}}</ref>}}

*'''Ivo Goldstein''' 'Croatia A History':

{{Cquote|

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*''Self-management as system was only slightly more efficient than the Soviet model. It was ~~'''~~bureaucratised~~'''~~ and ~~'''~~cumbersome~~'''~~ and could not compete with Western economies. People could obtain so much free or for less than the market price (e.g. apartments) that they could be ~~'''~~obtain without work~~'''~~. All this made the settling of accounts in the 1980s and in the post-socialist age more difficult.''

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*''Self-management as system was only slightly more efficient than the Soviet model. It was bureaucratised and cumbersome and could not compete with Western economies. People could obtain so much free or for less than the market price (e.g. apartments) that they could be obtain without work. All this made the settling of accounts in the 1980s and in the post-socialist age more difficult.''

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*''In Tito’s system no interest or ideas could be expressed in a truly democratic way. This did most harm where feelings of ethnic identity were concerned because their suppression led to growth of extreme nationalism. Furthermore, the ~~'''~~economic failure~~'''~~ of ~~'''~~Tito’s system~~'''~~, most clearly expressed in the protracted crisis of the 1980s, left people who even if they were not poor, were disillusioned and open to manipulation by demagogues. Finally Tito’s practical solutions ensured that he would retain unlimited power during his life time, but foreshadowed the problems would come after his death.'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=pSxJdE4MYo4C&pg=PA187&dq=Ivo+Goldstein++Tito&hl=en&ei=ighBTLC6M8Srcb_9uaQP&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=the%20economic%20failure%20of%20Tito’s%20system&f=false Croatia: A History] by Ivo Goldstein (p167, p187)</ref>}}

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*''In Tito’s system no interest or ideas could be expressed in a truly democratic way. This did most harm where feelings of ethnic identity were concerned because their suppression led to growth of extreme nationalism. Furthermore, the economic failure of Tito’s system, most clearly expressed in the protracted crisis of the 1980s, left people who even if they were not poor, were disillusioned and open to manipulation by demagogues. Finally Tito’s practical solutions ensured that he would retain unlimited power during his life time, but foreshadowed the problems would come after his death.'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=pSxJdE4MYo4C&pg=PA187&dq=Ivo+Goldstein++Tito&hl=en&ei=ighBTLC6M8Srcb_9uaQP&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=the%20economic%20failure%20of%20Tito’s%20system&f=false Croatia: A History] by Ivo Goldstein (p167, p187)</ref>}}

'''Note''': Ivo Goldstein is a Professor at the [http://www.unizg.hr/homepage/ University of Zagreb] & former Director of the Institute for Croatian History of the University of Zagreb. Zagreb is the capital city of Croatia (a former republic of Yugoslavia).

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*Josip Zoretic - Political prisoner of the former Yugoslavia's most notorious prison, [http://www.goliotok.com/ Goli Otok:Yugoslavia’s Evil Island-Gulag]

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{{Cquote|'''Quote''': Goli Otok - Hell in the Adriatic is the true story of Josip Zoretic's tragic experience and survival as a political prisoner of the former Yugoslavia's most notorious prison, Goli Otok, and the circumstances that led to his imprisonment. He provides a first hand account of the island prison labor camp from 1962-1969 that institutionalized a system of repression and enslavement against those who opposed the communist regime and the spread of greater Serbian authority. It is a rare detailed description of the evil and horrors that happened on Goli Otok.}}

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{{Cquote|'''Quote''': Goli Otok - ''Hell in the Adriatic is the true story of Josip Zoretic's tragic experience and survival as a political prisoner of the former Yugoslavia's most notorious prison, Goli Otok, and the circumstances that led to his imprisonment. He provides a first hand account of the island prison labor camp from 1962-1969 that institutionalized a system of repression and enslavement against those who opposed the communist regime and the spread of greater Serbian authority. It is a rare detailed description of the evil and horrors that happened on Goli Otok.''}}

* Vera Winter – Economist/Political prisoner of the former Yugoslavia's most notorious prison, Goli Otok: [[BBC|BBC 4]]

* Alfred Pal - Artist/Political prisoner of the former Yugoslavia's most notorious prison, Goli Otok: BBC 4

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* '''Ian Cuthbertson''' review of ''Tito's Ghosts'' on [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/media/balkans-hero-with-a-bloodthirsty-streak/story-e6frg8mf-1111117435895 The Australian - Balkans Hero with a Bloodthirsty Streak]

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{{Cquote| '''a.''' Josip Broz Tito, the hard man who managed to unite Yugoslavia after World War II, has long been regarded as somehow less awful than his fellow communist leaders. This French documentary makes it clear that even now, after Yugoslavia has disintegrated (mostly chaotically), Tito is still adored by some in the Balkans, with festivals commemorating his birthday and enthusiasts~~'''~~ kissing~~'''~~ his statue and declaring their ~~'''~~love~~'''~~ for him.

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{{Cquote| '''a.''' ''Josip Broz Tito, the hard man who managed to unite Yugoslavia after World War II, has long been regarded as somehow less awful than his fellow communist leaders. This French documentary makes it clear that even now, after Yugoslavia has disintegrated (mostly chaotically), Tito is still adored by some in the Balkans, with festivals commemorating his birthday and enthusiasts kissing his statue and declaring their love for him.''

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'''b.''' Turned back from Austria by the Allies and handed over to Tito's forces, they were executed in the woods without trial. Investigations in Slovenia have found evidence to suggest the dead were naked, or partly naked, and tied with wire when they were killed.The graves' existence was an open secret for decades, yet they were not documented and not commonly discussed.

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'''b.''' ''Turned back from Austria by the Allies and handed over to Tito's forces, they were executed in the woods without trial. Investigations in Slovenia have found evidence to suggest the dead were naked, or partly naked, and tied with wire when they were killed.The graves' existence was an open secret for decades, yet they were not documented and not commonly discussed.''

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'''c.''' Yet Tito, internationally feted unifier of Yugoslavia, wrought violence on many fronts. His purges were merciless, and his forces rounded up ~~'''~~thousands~~'''~~ of ~~'''~~suspected~~'''~~ opponents and sent them to a prison on Goli Otok (Barren Island) where they were beaten, tortured and killed.}}

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'''c.''' ''Yet Tito, internationally feted unifier of Yugoslavia, wrought violence on many fronts. His purges were merciless, and his forces rounded up thousands of suspected opponents and sent them to a prison on Goli Otok (Barren Island) where they were beaten, tortured and killed.''}}

== See also ==

* [[Worst of Wikipedia]]

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*[[BBC|BBC-History']] [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/crossing_continents/4923466.stm by Tim Judah]

*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/partisan_fighters_01.shtml#six '''BBC-History''': Partisan Fighters] War in the Balkans 1941-1945. Dr Stephen A Hart: Senior lecturer in war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Author of 'The Road to Falaise: Operations Totalize & Tractable' (Alan Sutton 2004), 'Montgomery and Colossal Cracks: The 21st Army Group in Northwest Europe,1944-45' (Praeger, 2000).

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~~{{Cquote|~~'''BBC-History''': Murder, rape and mass executions were all too common in Yugoslavia during World War Two - carried out by ~~'''~~Partisan ~~fighters''' as~~ well as by Chetnik rebels and German troops.}}

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'''BBC-History''':{{Cquote| ''Murder, rape and mass executions were all too common in Yugoslavia during World War Two - carried out by Partisan fightersas well as by Chetnik rebels and German troops.''}}

* [http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"] organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the European Commission.

*Australia's Four Corners: Tito's UDBA Activities in [[Australia]] from the 1960's

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