Changes

== Ethnic cleansing, Post-World War Two Camps & Communist Concentration Camps==

== Ethnic cleansing, Post-World War Two Camps & Communist Concentration Camps==

Ethnic cleansing of [[Directory:Germany|Germans]], [[Hungary|Hungarians]] and [[Italy|Italians]] (Foibe massacres) were carried out in Yugoslavia.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=RWZLZaxPUXQC&pg=PA17&dq=Communist+Retaliation+and+Persecution+on+Yugoslav+Territory+During+and+After+germans&lr=lang_en&cd=1#v=onepage&q&f=true Retaliation and Persecution on Yugoslav Territory During and After WWII Dr. Ph. Michael Portmann]

Ethnic cleansing of [[Italy|Italians]] (Foibe massacres),[[Hungary|Hungarians]] and [[Directory:Germany|Germans]] were carried out in Yugoslavia.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=RWZLZaxPUXQC&pg=PA17&dq=Communist+Retaliation+and+Persecution+on+Yugoslav+Territory+During+and+After+germans&lr=lang_en&cd=1#v=onepage&q&f=true Retaliation and Persecution on Yugoslav Territory During and After WWII Dr. Ph. Michael Portmann]

* "The following article deals with repressive measures undertaken by communist-dominated Partisan forces during and especially after WWII in order to take revenge on former enemies, to punish collaborators, and “people’s enemies“ and to decimate and eliminate the potential of opponents to a new, socialist Yugoslavia. The text represents a summary of a master thesis referring to the above-mentioned topic written and accepted at '''Vienna University''' in 2002." (p12, p13, p17)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqFyQhi5FFAC&pg=PA181&dq=Ethnic+cleansing+of+Germans,+Hungarians+and+Italians+Yugoslavia&hl=en&ei=VqqmTNSYAoPmvQOChdnnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20Germans%2C%20Hungarians%20and%20Italians%20Yugoslavia&f=false Ethnic Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Responses] by Karl Cordell & Stefan Wolff (p181)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA138&lpg=PA138&dq=%22forty+days+of+Trieste%22&source=bl&ots=vV1YtYVNWt&sig=La9eWoqpk9YOCTXzBJ-zEAlHhK4&hl=it&ei=ixkbStyiHYuV_QbgxtnYDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2 Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell. (p 138)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.be/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PA89&vq=trieste&dq=%22In+Opicina,+after+a+bomb&source=gbs_search_s&cad=0 A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco & Konrad Eisenbichler. (p89)</ref> <ref>[http://miran.pecenik.com/ts/balkan/balkan6.htm Where the Balkans Begin (The Slovenes in Triest-The Foiba Story)] by Bernard Meares:

* "The following article deals with repressive measures undertaken by communist-dominated Partisan forces during and especially after WWII in order to take revenge on former enemies, to punish collaborators, and “people’s enemies“ and to decimate and eliminate the potential of opponents to a new, socialist Yugoslavia. The text represents a summary of a master thesis referring to the above-mentioned topic written and accepted at '''Vienna University''' in 2002." (p12, p13, p17)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=mqFyQhi5FFAC&pg=PA181&dq=Ethnic+cleansing+of+Germans,+Hungarians+and+Italians+Yugoslavia&hl=en&ei=VqqmTNSYAoPmvQOChdnnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Ethnic%20cleansing%20of%20Germans%2C%20Hungarians%20and%20Italians%20Yugoslavia&f=false Ethnic Conflict: Causes, Consequences, and Responses] by Karl Cordell & Stefan Wolff (p181)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=ykMVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA138&lpg=PA138&dq=%22forty+days+of+Trieste%22&source=bl&ots=vV1YtYVNWt&sig=La9eWoqpk9YOCTXzBJ-zEAlHhK4&hl=it&ei=ixkbStyiHYuV_QbgxtnYDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2 Refugees in the Age of Total War] by Anna Bramwell. (p 138)</ref><ref>[http://books.google.be/books?id=hhD0R8DBr_UC&pg=PA89&vq=trieste&dq=%22In+Opicina,+after+a+bomb&source=gbs_search_s&cad=0 A Tragedy Revealed''] The Story of the Italian Population of Istria & Dalmatia by Arrigo Petacco & Konrad Eisenbichler. (p89)</ref> <ref>[http://miran.pecenik.com/ts/balkan/balkan6.htm Where the Balkans Begin (The Slovenes in Triest-The Foiba Story)] by Bernard Meares:

*"During the early Communist occupation in Trieste, Gorizia and the Littoral, and the 40 days of [[Communists|Communist]] rule in Trieste city, some 6000 arrests were made and the prisoners carried off to Communist-controlled areas. When the Allies finally imposed their rule they found out about the Yugoslav execution squads. The more objective Italian historians and statisticians such as Galliano Fogar and Raoul Pupo point to between 1000 and 1800 [[Italy|Italians]] and [[Slovenia|Slovene]] victims. The '''Red Cross''' estimates that 2,250 failed to return , in rough agreement with Bogdan Novak who said in 1971 that 4200 Italians returned out of 6000 arrested."</ref>  

*"During the early Communist occupation in Trieste, Gorizia and the Littoral, and the 40 days of [[Communists|Communist]] rule in Trieste city, some 6000 arrests were made and the prisoners carried off to Communist-controlled areas. When the Allies finally imposed their rule they found out about the Yugoslav execution squads. The more objective Italian historians and statisticians such as Galliano Fogar and Raoul Pupo point to between 1000 and 1800 [[Italy|Italians]] and [[Slovenia|Slovene]] victims. The '''Red Cross''' estimates that 2,250 failed to return , in rough agreement with Bogdan Novak who said in 1971 that 4200 Italians returned out of 6000 arrested."</ref>  

*Communist labour camps in Slovenia were established already in 1945. These were camps for forced labour and were called “penal camps”. In 1949, “correctional camps” and camps for socially beneficial labour called “working groups” were established. All these labour camps were abolished in the beginning of 1951, when new criminal legislation, free of the concept of forced, correctional and socially beneficial labour, was adopted.( p145, p146)}}  

*Communist labour camps in Slovenia were established already in 1945. These were camps for forced labour and were called “penal camps”. In 1949, “correctional camps” and camps for socially beneficial labour called “working groups” were established. All these labour camps were abolished in the beginning of 1951, when new criminal legislation, free of the concept of forced, correctional and socially beneficial labour, was adopted.( p145, p146)}}  

* '''European EU's''' [http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/08/230&type=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en Press Releases-Brussels-''Link'']

* '''European EU's''' [http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/08/230&type=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en Press Releases-Brussels-''Link'']

'''''Note B''''': Information is referenced from the ''Hrcak Portal of Scientific Journals of Croatia'' by Mr Dizdar's Scientific Journal: An Addition to the Research of the Problem of'' Bleiburg'' & ''Way of the Cross'' massacres. Written by  Zdravko Dizdar a Croatian Historian from the Croatian Institute for History in Zagreb.

'''''Note B''''': Information is referenced from the ''Hrcak Portal of Scientific Journals of Croatia'' by Mr Dizdar's Scientific Journal: An Addition to the Research of the Problem of'' Bleiburg'' & ''Way of the Cross'' massacres. Written by  Zdravko Dizdar a Croatian Historian from the [[Croatia|Croatian]] Institute for History in Zagreb.

{{Cquote|'''Quote''':The paper is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of these tragic events represents a small step towards the elaboration of known data and brings a list of yet '''unknown''' and '''unpublished''' original documents, mostly belonging to the ''Yugoslavian Military'' and ''Political Government'' from 1945-1947. Amongst those documents are those mostly relating to Croatian territory although a majority of concentration camps and execution sites were outside of Croatia, in other parts of Yugoslavia. The author hopes that the readers will receive a complete picture about events related to Bleiburg and the Way of The Cross and the suffering of numerous Croats, which is confirmed directly in many documents and is related to the execution of a person or a whole group of people and sometimes non-stop for days.''}}

{{Cquote|'''Quote''':The paper is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of these tragic events represents a small step towards the elaboration of known data and brings a list of yet '''unknown''' and '''unpublished''' original documents, mostly belonging to the ''Yugoslavian Military'' and ''Political Government'' from 1945-1947. Amongst those documents are those mostly relating to Croatian territory although a majority of concentration camps and execution sites were outside of Croatia, in other parts of Yugoslavia. The author hopes that the readers will receive a complete picture about events related to Bleiburg and the Way of The Cross and the suffering of numerous Croats, which is confirmed directly in many documents and is related to the execution of a person or a whole group of people and sometimes non-stop for days.''}}

* Statement in Croatian: "Tako je 18. I. 1946. u jugoslavenskimlogorima bilo 117.485 folksdojcera (58.821 žena, 34.214 muškaraca i 24.422 djece)".   

* Statement in Croatian: "Tako je 18. I. 1946. u jugoslavenskimlogorima bilo 117.485 folksdojcera (58.821 žena, 34.214 muškaraca i 24.422 djece)".   

The Communist regime of Yugoslavia after [[Second World War]] engaged in moving large ethnic populations from its territory (a similar policy was being excicuted by the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe). This would explain the women and children in the camps.  

The Communist regime of Yugoslavia after [[Second World War]] engaged in moving large ethnic populations from its territory (a similar policy was being excicuted by the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe). This would explain the women and children in the camps.  

In Dizdar's Scientific Journal it further states that 10,621 POWs died in the camps. He claims to have referenced this information from government documents of the day.(Dizdar's Scientific Journal:page 183/pdf page 67.)

In Dizdar's Scientific Journal it further states that 10,621 POWs died in the camps. He claims to have referenced this information from government documents of the day (Dizdar's Scientific Journal:page 183/pdf page 67). Along the Croatian coast Italian was spoken<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=EcvNw81I3hkC&pg=PA121&dq=Dalmatia:+The+Land+Where+East+Meets+West+Slavish+and+Italian+today&hl=en&ei=J46dTKDEF4XOvQOT_PS4DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Dalmatia: The Land Where East Meets West] by Maude Holbach (p121)

=== Goli Otok ===

=== Goli Otok ===