Hawthorn - Get the Facts on Herbal Supplements

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  • Hawthorn fruit has been used for heart disease since the first century.<a href="#hdng0">(More...)</a>

  • The fruit of the hawthorn tree or bush.<a href="#hdng1">(More...)</a>

  • Hawthorn Hill, a National Historic Landmark, is located at 901 Harman Ave. in Oakwood, Ohio.<a href="#hdng2">(More...)</a>



<a name="hdng0"></a>Hawthorn fruit has been used for heart disease since the first century. It has also been used for digestive and kidney problems. <a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> Hawthorn is also used for other heart conditions, including symptoms of coronary artery disease (such as angina).<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> Hawthorn leaf and flower have been used for heart failure, a weakness of the heart muscle that prevents the heart from pumping enough blood to the rest of the body, which can lead to fatigue and limit physical activities.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> There is scientific evidence that hawthorn leaf and flower are safe and effective for milder forms of heart failure.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> The hawthorn leaf and flower are used to make liquid extracts, usually with water and alcohol.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> Hawthorn is considered safe for most adults when used for short periods of time. Side effects are usually mild and can include upset stomach, headache, and dizziness.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a>

There is not enough scientific evidence to determine whether hawthorn works for other heart problems.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> Drug interactions with hawthorn have not been thoroughly studied. It was once thought that hawthorn interacted with the heart medicine digoxin.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> NCCAM is supporting research studying the mechanisms by which hawthorn may affect heart failure.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a>

The species of hawthorn discussed here are native to northern European regions and grow throughout the world.<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank" [1]</a> Located at 1901 Pennsylvania Avenue in St. Louis County on a 26-acre campus, Hawthorn is a children's psychiatric hospital that is owned and operated by the Missouri Department of Mental Health. It is the only free-standing children's psychiatric hospital in Missouri and has a service territory encompassing the eastern third of the state.<a href="http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/" TARGET="_blank" [2]</a>

Hawthorn works hard in hand with Department of Mental Health Community Mental Health Centers. These Centers advise us when one of their clients needs a Hawthorn admission.<a href="http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/" TARGET="_blank" [2]</a>

While at Hawthorn, staff from the Center participate in treatment staffing's and discharge planning.<a href="http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/" TARGET="_blank" [2]</a>

Hawthorn Children's Psychiatric Hospital is accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. This hospital encourages concerns regarding patient care and safety to be shared by consumers and the public. You may share your concerns by calling 314-512- 7609 or by clicking on the " E-Mail " sign on this web site.<a href="http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/" TARGET="_blank" [2]</a> We strive to ensure that each child and family will be successful when discharged from Hawthorn.<a href="http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/" TARGET="_blank" [2]</a>

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<a name="hdng1"></a>The fruit of the hawthorn tree or bush. It has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems, including heart problems and gastrointestinal problems. <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=44152" TARGET="_blank" [3]</a> Hawthorn Center does not provide services to children whose primary diagnosis is a developmental disability, substance abuse, or juvenile delinquency. Services may be provided to children who have secondary problems in these areas under certain conditions.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> An agency of the Michigan Department of Community Health, Hawthorn Center has been one of the Midwest's finest psychiatric treatment facilities for children for over forty years. More than 30,000 children and their families have received services since the hospital opened in 1956.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> Hawthorn Center, located in Northville, Michigan, provides intensive inpatient psychiatric services to children and adolescents.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> The mission of Hawthorn Center is to provide high quality inpatient mental health services to emotionally disturbed children and adolescents.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> The Community Mental Health Service Providers, who referred the child to Hawthorn Center for treatment, assign a case manager to participate in treatment planning and to coordinate discharge and aftercare services.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> A request for inpatient treatment is based upon the results of an evaluation of the child done by the CMHSP. A referral packet is forwarded to Hawthorn Center.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> Hawthorn Center is also an important training site for child psychiatric residents, psychology interns, students in social work, special education, and nursing.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> Each child attends the Hawthorn Center school for a full day Monday through Friday, year-round.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a>

Hawthorn Center and its staff will reflect the highest tradition of public service.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> Specialty consultations are arranged at the request of Hawthorn Center medical staff.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a>

Hawthorn Center will be an outstanding psychiatric hospital for children and adolescents.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a> Hawthorn Center is located on Haggerty Road between 6 and 7 Mile Roads in Northville, Michigan.<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank" [4]</a>

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<a name="hdng2"></a>Hawthorn Hill, a National Historic Landmark, is located at 901 Harman Ave. in Oakwood, Ohio. <a href="http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/aviation/haw.htm" TARGET="_blank" [5]</a>

Many species of hawthorn are native to Missouri, and because of the abundance of hawthorns in the natural landscape, it has been named the official state flower. (The species deserving this recognition is downy hawthorn, Crataegus mollis.)<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank" [6]</a> For landscape plantings, the Washington hawthorn and a cultivar of green hawthorn called `Winter King' have become the most frequently used.<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank" [6]</a> Washington hawthorn is somewhat disease resistant but the leaves and fruits of `Winter King' can be damaged by cedar-quince rust fungus.<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank" [6]</a> 'Winter King' hawthorn develops into a broad, flat-headed tree. It derives its cultivar name because the red-orange fruits persist with good color long into winter, often until March or when waxwings or other birds eat them.<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank" [6]</a> As single specimens, hawthorn trees may be shaped with single or multiple trunks. Attractive small red-orange fruits are produced in late fall and persist into the winter until severe cold turns them black or birds eat them.<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank" [6]</a> Insect and disease pests can ruin the ornamental value of many hawthorns, although the trees usually survive.<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank" [6]</a>

Lacebug is an insect that may feed on hawthorn leaves, causing serious leaf browning by mid- to late-summer.<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank" [6]</a>

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<a name="sources"><a href="#" onclick="toggle_visibility('srcs'); return false;" title="Most Informative Documents, used in preparation of this report.">
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1. <a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank">Hawthorn [NCCAM Herbs at a Glance]</a>
<a href="http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/" TARGET="_blank">http://nccam.nih.gov/health/hawthorn/</a>

2. <a href="http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/" TARGET="_blank">Hawthorn Children's Psychiatric Hospital</a>
<a href="http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/" TARGET="_blank">http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/hcph/</a>

3. <a href="http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=44152" TARGET="_blank">Definition of hawthorn fruit - NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms</a>
<a href="http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=44152" TARGET="_blank">http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=44152</a>

4. <a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank">MDCH - Hawthorn Center</a>
<a href="http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html" TARGET="_blank">http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,1607,7-132-2941_4868_4896-70281--,00.html</a>

5. <a href="http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/aviation/haw.htm" TARGET="_blank">Hawthorn Hill--Aviation: From Sand Dunes to Sonic Booms: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary</a>
<a href="http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/aviation/haw.htm" TARGET="_blank">http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/aviation/haw.htm</a>

6. <a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank">Urban Trees - Section 1: Small trees and flowering trees</a>
<a href="http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html" TARGET="_blank">http://mdc.mo.gov/forest/urban/urbantre/1sm.html</a>

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