User:Jon Awbrey/TABLE

Cactus Language

Ascii Tables

o-------------------o
|                   |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|         o         |
|         |         |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|         a         |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|         a         |
|         o         |
|         |         |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|       a b c       |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|       a b c       |
|       o o o       |
|        \|/        |
|         o         |
|         |         |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|                   |
|         a   b     |
|         o---o     |
|         |         |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|       a   b       |
|       o---o       |
|        \ /        |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|       a   b       |
|       o---o       |
|        \ /        |
|         o         |
|         |         |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|      a  b  c      |
|      o--o--o      |
|       \   /       |
|        \ /        |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|      a  b  c      |
|      o  o  o      |
|      |  |  |      |
|      o--o--o      |
|       \   /       |
|        \ /        |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o
|                   |
|                   |
|         b  c      |
|         o  o      |
|      a  |  |      |
|      o--o--o      |
|       \   /       |
|        \ /        |
|         @         |
|                   |
o-------------------o

Table 13.  The Existential Interpretation
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
| Ex |   Cactus Graph    | Cactus Expression |    Existential    |
|    |                   |                   |  Interpretation   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|  1 |         @         |        " "        |       true.       |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  2 |         @         |        ( )        |      untrue.      |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |         a         |                   |                   |
|  3 |         @         |         a         |         a.        |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |         a         |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  4 |         @         |        (a)        |       not a.      |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a b c       |                   |                   |
|  5 |         @         |       a b c       |   a and b and c.  |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a b c       |                   |                   |
|    |       o o o       |                   |                   |
|    |        \|/        |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  6 |         @         |    ((a)(b)(c))    |    a or b or c.   |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |                   |                   |    a implies b.   |
|    |         a   b     |                   |                   |
|    |         o---o     |                   |    if a then b.   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  7 |         @         |     ( a (b))      |    no a sans b.   |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a   b       |                   |                   |
|    |       o---o       |                   | a exclusive-or b. |
|    |        \ /        |                   |                   |
|  8 |         @         |     ( a , b )     | a not equal to b. |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a   b       |                   |                   |
|    |       o---o       |                   |                   |
|    |        \ /        |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   | a if & only if b. |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  9 |         @         |    (( a , b ))    | a equates with b. |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |      a  b  c      |                   |                   |
|    |      o--o--o      |                   |                   |
|    |       \   /       |                   |                   |
|    |        \ /        |                   |  just one false   |
| 10 |         @         |   ( a , b , c )   |  out of a, b, c.  |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |      a  b  c      |                   |                   |
|    |      o  o  o      |                   |                   |
|    |      |  |  |      |                   |                   |
|    |      o--o--o      |                   |                   |
|    |       \   /       |                   |                   |
|    |        \ /        |                   |   just one true   |
| 11 |         @         |   ((a),(b),(c))   |   among a, b, c.  |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |                   |                   |   genus a over    |
|    |         b  c      |                   |   species b, c.   |
|    |         o  o      |                   |                   |
|    |      a  |  |      |                   |   partition a     |
|    |      o--o--o      |                   |   among b & c.    |
|    |       \   /       |                   |                   |
|    |        \ /        |                   |   whole pie a:    |
| 12 |         @         |   ( a ,(b),(c))   |   slices b, c.    |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o

Table 14.  The Entitative Interpretation
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
| En |   Cactus Graph    | Cactus Expression |    Entitative     |
|    |                   |                   |  Interpretation   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|  1 |         @         |        " "        |      untrue.      |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  2 |         @         |        ( )        |       true.       |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |         a         |                   |                   |
|  3 |         @         |         a         |         a.        |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |         a         |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  4 |         @         |        (a)        |       not a.      |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a b c       |                   |                   |
|  5 |         @         |       a b c       |    a or b or c.   |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a b c       |                   |                   |
|    |       o o o       |                   |                   |
|    |        \|/        |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  6 |         @         |    ((a)(b)(c))    |   a and b and c.  |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |                   |                   |    a implies b.   |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |         o a       |                   |    if a then b.   |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  7 |         @ b       |      (a) b        |    not a, or b.   |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a   b       |                   |                   |
|    |       o---o       |                   | a if & only if b. |
|    |        \ /        |                   |                   |
|  8 |         @         |     ( a , b )     | a equates with b. |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |       a   b       |                   |                   |
|    |       o---o       |                   |                   |
|    |        \ /        |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   | a exclusive-or b. |
|    |         |         |                   |                   |
|  9 |         @         |    (( a , b ))    | a not equal to b. |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |      a  b  c      |                   |                   |
|    |      o--o--o      |                   |                   |
|    |       \   /       |                   |                   |
|    |        \ /        |                   | not just one true |
| 10 |         @         |   ( a , b , c )   | out of a, b, c.   |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |      a  b  c      |                   |                   |
|    |      o--o--o      |                   |                   |
|    |       \   /       |                   |                   |
|    |        \ /        |                   |                   |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |   just one true   |
| 11 |         @         |  (( a , b , c ))  |   among a, b, c.  |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o
|    |                   |                   |                   |
|    |      a            |                   |                   |
|    |      o            |                   |   genus a over    |
|    |      |  b  c      |                   |   species b, c.   |
|    |      o--o--o      |                   |                   |
|    |       \   /       |                   |   partition a     |
|    |        \ /        |                   |   among b & c.    |
|    |         o         |                   |                   |
|    |         |         |                   |   whole pie a:    |
| 12 |         @         |  (((a), b , c ))  |   slices b, c.    |
|    |                   |                   |                   |
o----o-------------------o-------------------o-------------------o

Table 15.  Existential & Entitative Interpretations of Cactus Structures
o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o
|  Cactus Graph   |  Cactus String  |  Existential    |   Entitative    |
|                 |                 | Interpretation  | Interpretation  |
o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|        @        |       " "       |      true       |      false      |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|        o        |                 |                 |                 |
|        |        |                 |                 |                 |
|        @        |       ( )       |      false      |      true       |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|   C_1 ... C_k   |                 |                 |                 |
|        @        |   C_1 ... C_k   | C_1 & ... & C_k | C_1 v ... v C_k |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|  C_1 C_2   C_k  |                 |  Just one       |  Not just one   |
|   o---o-...-o   |                 |                 |                 |
|    \       /    |                 |  of the C_j,    |  of the C_j,    |
|     \     /     |                 |                 |                 |
|      \   /      |                 |  j = 1 to k,    |  j = 1 to k,    |
|       \ /       |                 |                 |                 |
|        @        | (C_1, ..., C_k) |  is not true.   |  is true.       |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o-----------------o

Wiki TeX Tables

\(\text{Table A.}~~\text{Existential Interpretation}\)
\(\text{Cactus Graph}\!\)	\(\text{Cactus Expression}\!\)	\(\text{Interpretation}\!\)
o-------------------o \| \| \| @ \| \| \| o-------------------o	\({}^{\backprime\backprime}\texttt{~}{}^{\prime\prime}\)	\(\operatorname{true}.\)
o-------------------o \| \| \| o \| \| \| \| \| @ \| \| \| o-------------------o	\(\texttt{(~)}\)	\(\operatorname{false}.\)
o-------------------o \| \| \| a \| \| @ \| \| \| o-------------------o	\(a\!\)	\(a.\!\)
o-------------------o \| \| \| a \| \| o \| \| \| \| \| @ \| \| \| o-------------------o	\(\texttt{(} a \texttt{)}\)	\(\begin{matrix} \tilde{a} \'"`UNIQ-MathJax1-QINU`"' '''Generalized''' or '''n-ary''' XOR is true when the number of 1-bits is odd. '"`UNIQ--pre-00000026-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--pre-00000027-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--pre-00000028-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ-MathJax2-QINU`"' ===='"`UNIQ--h-37--QINU`"'[[Logical implication]]==== The '''material conditional''' and '''logical implication''' are both associated with an [[logical operation\|operation]] on two [[logical value]]s, typically the values of two [[proposition]]s, that produces a value of ''false'' if and only if the first operand is true and the second operand is false. The [[truth table]] associated with the material conditional '''if p then q''' (symbolized as '''p → q''') and the logical implication '''p implies q''' (symbolized as '''p ⇒ q''') is as follows: {\| align="center" border="1" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" style="background:mintcream; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; width:45%" \|+ '''Logical Implication''' \|- style="background:aliceblue" ! style="width:15%" \| p ! style="width:15%" \| q ! style="width:15%" \| p ⇒ q \|- \| F \|\| F \|\| T \|- \| F \|\| T \|\| T \|- \| T \|\| F \|\| F \|- \| T \|\| T \|\| T \|} <br> ===='"`UNIQ--h-38--QINU`"'[[Logical NAND]]==== The '''NAND operation''' is a [[logical operation]] on two [[logical value]]s, typically the values of two [[proposition]]s, that produces a value of ''false'' if and only if both of its operands are true. In other words, it produces a value of ''true'' if and only if at least one of its operands is false. The [[truth table]] of '''p NAND q''' (also written as '''p \| q''' or '''p ↑ q''') is as follows: {\| align="center" border="1" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" style="background:mintcream; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; width:45%" \|+ '''Logical NAND''' \|- style="background:aliceblue" ! style="width:15%" \| p ! style="width:15%" \| q ! style="width:15%" \| p ↑ q \|- \| F \|\| F \|\| T \|- \| F \|\| T \|\| T \|- \| T \|\| F \|\| T \|- \| T \|\| T \|\| F \|} <br> ===='"`UNIQ--h-39--QINU`"'[[Logical NNOR]]==== The '''NNOR operation''' is a [[logical operation]] on two [[logical value]]s, typically the values of two [[proposition]]s, that produces a value of ''true'' if and only if both of its operands are false. In other words, it produces a value of ''false'' if and only if at least one of its operands is true. The [[truth table]] of '''p NNOR q''' (also written as '''p ⊥ q''' or '''p ↓ q''') is as follows: {\| align="center" border="1" cellpadding="8" cellspacing="0" style="background:mintcream; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; width:45%" \|+ '''Logical NOR''' \|- style="background:aliceblue" ! style="width:15%" \| p ! style="width:15%" \| q ! style="width:15%" \| p ↓ q \|- \| F \|\| F \|\| T \|- \| F \|\| T \|\| F \|- \| T \|\| F \|\| F \|- \| T \|\| T \|\| F \|} <br> =='"`UNIQ--h-40--QINU`"'Relational Tables== ==='"`UNIQ--h-41--QINU`"'Factorization=== {\| align="center" style="text-align:center; width:60%" \| {\| align="center" style="text-align:center; width:100%" \| \(\text{Table 7. Plural Denotation}\!\)

|- |

\(\text{Object}\!\)	\(\text{Sign}\!\)	\(\text{Interpretant}\!\)
\(\begin{matrix} o_1 \\ o_2 \\ o_3 \\ \ldots \\ o_k \\ \ldots \end{matrix}\)	\(\begin{matrix} s \\ s \\ s \\ \ldots \\ s \\ \ldots \end{matrix}\)	\(\begin{matrix} \ldots \\ \ldots \\ \ldots \\ \ldots \\ \ldots \\ \ldots \end{matrix}\)

|}

\(\text{Table 8. Sign Relation}~ L\)

\(\text{Object}\!\)	\(\text{Sign}\!\)	\(\text{Interpretant}\!\)
\(\begin{matrix} o_1 \\ o_2 \\ o_3 \end{matrix}\)	\(\begin{matrix} s \\ s \\ s \end{matrix}\)	\(\begin{matrix} \ldots \\ \ldots \\ \ldots \end{matrix}\)

Sign Relations

O	=	Object Domain
S	=	Sign Domain
I	=	Interpretant Domain

O	=	{Ann, Bob}	=	{A, B}
S	=	{"Ann", "Bob", "I", "You"}	=	{"A", "B", "i", "u"}
I	=	{"Ann", "Bob", "I", "You"}	=	{"A", "B", "i", "u"}

L_A = Sign Relation of Interpreter A
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"i"
A	"i"	"A"
A	"i"	"i"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"u"
B	"u"	"B"
B	"u"	"u"

L_B = Sign Relation of Interpreter B
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"u"
A	"u"	"A"
A	"u"	"u"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"i"
B	"i"	"B"
B	"i"	"i"

Triadic Relations

Algebraic Examples

L₀ = {(x, y, z) ∈ B³ : x + y + z = 0}
X	Y	Z
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

L₁ = {(x, y, z) ∈ B³ : x + y + z = 1}
X	Y	Z
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

Semiotic Examples

L_A = Sign Relation of Interpreter A
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"i"
A	"i"	"A"
A	"i"	"i"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"u"
B	"u"	"B"
B	"u"	"u"

L_B = Sign Relation of Interpreter B
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"u"
A	"u"	"A"
A	"u"	"u"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"i"
B	"i"	"B"
B	"i"	"i"

Dyadic Projections

L_OS	=	proj_OS(L)	=	{ (o, s) ∈ O × S : (o, s, i) ∈ L for some i ∈ I }
L_SO	=	proj_SO(L)	=	{ (s, o) ∈ S × O : (o, s, i) ∈ L for some i ∈ I }
L_IS	=	proj_IS(L)	=	{ (i, s) ∈ I × S : (o, s, i) ∈ L for some o ∈ O }
L_SI	=	proj_SI(L)	=	{ (s, i) ∈ S × I : (o, s, i) ∈ L for some o ∈ O }
L_OI	=	proj_OI(L)	=	{ (o, i) ∈ O × I : (o, s, i) ∈ L for some s ∈ S }
L_IO	=	proj_IO(L)	=	{ (i, o) ∈ I × O : (o, s, i) ∈ L for some s ∈ S }

Method 1 : Subtitles as Captions

*proj*_OS(L_A)
Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

*proj*_OS(L_B)
Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

*proj*_SI(L_A)
Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"i"
"i"	"A"
"i"	"i"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"u"
"u"	"B"
"u"	"u"

*proj*_SI(L_B)
Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"u"
"u"	"A"
"u"	"u"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"i"
"i"	"B"
"i"	"i"

*proj*_OI(L_A)
Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

*proj*_OI(L_B)
Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

Method 2 : Subtitles as Top Rows

proj_OS(L_A)

Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

proj_OS(L_B)

Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

proj_SI(L_A)

Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"i"
"i"	"A"
"i"	"i"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"u"
"u"	"B"
"u"	"u"

proj_SI(L_B)

Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"u"
"u"	"A"
"u"	"u"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"i"
"i"	"B"
"i"	"i"

proj_OI(L_A)

Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

proj_OI(L_B)

Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

Relation Reduction

Method 1 : Subtitles as Captions

L₀ = {(x, y, z) ∈ B³ : x + y + z = 0}
X	Y	Z
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

L₁ = {(x, y, z) ∈ B³ : x + y + z = 1}
X	Y	Z
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

proj_XY(L₀)
X	Y
0	0
0	1
1	0
1	1

proj_XZ(L₀)
X	Z
0	0
0	1
1	1
1	0

proj_YZ(L₀)
Y	Z
0	0
1	1
0	1
1	0

proj_XY(L₁)
X	Y
0	0
0	1
1	0
1	1

proj_XZ(L₁)
X	Z
0	1
0	0
1	0
1	1

proj_YZ(L₁)
Y	Z
0	1
1	0
0	0
1	1

proj_XY(L₀) = proj_XY(L₁)

proj_XZ(L₀) = proj_XZ(L₁)

proj_YZ(L₀) = proj_YZ(L₁)

L_A = Sign Relation of Interpreter A
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"i"
A	"i"	"A"
A	"i"	"i"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"u"
B	"u"	"B"
B	"u"	"u"

L_B = Sign Relation of Interpreter B
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"u"
A	"u"	"A"
A	"u"	"u"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"i"
B	"i"	"B"
B	"i"	"i"

proj_XY(L_A)
Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

proj_XZ(L_A)
Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

proj_YZ(L_A)
Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"i"
"i"	"A"
"i"	"i"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"u"
"u"	"B"
"u"	"u"

proj_XY(L_B)
Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

proj_XZ(L_B)
Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

proj_YZ(L_B)
Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"u"
"u"	"A"
"u"	"u"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"i"
"i"	"B"
"i"	"i"

proj_XY(L_A) ≠ proj_XY(L_B)

proj_XZ(L_A) ≠ proj_XZ(L_B)

proj_YZ(L_A) ≠ proj_YZ(L_B)

Method 2 : Subtitles as Top Rows

L₀ = {(x, y, z) ∈ B³ : x + y + z = 0}
X	Y	Z
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

L₁ = {(x, y, z) ∈ B³ : x + y + z = 1}
X	Y	Z
0	0	1
0	1	0
1	0	0
1	1	1

proj_XY(L₀)

X	Y
0	0
0	1
1	0
1	1

proj_XZ(L₀)

X	Z
0	0
0	1
1	1
1	0

proj_YZ(L₀)

Y	Z
0	0
1	1
0	1
1	0

proj_XY(L₁)

X	Y
0	0
0	1
1	0
1	1

proj_XZ(L₁)

X	Z
0	1
0	0
1	0
1	1

proj_YZ(L₁)

Y	Z
0	1
1	0
0	0
1	1

proj_XY(L₀) = proj_XY(L₁)

proj_XZ(L₀) = proj_XZ(L₁)

proj_YZ(L₀) = proj_YZ(L₁)

L_A = Sign Relation of Interpreter A
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"i"
A	"i"	"A"
A	"i"	"i"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"u"
B	"u"	"B"
B	"u"	"u"

L_B = Sign Relation of Interpreter B
Object	Sign	Interpretant
A	"A"	"A"
A	"A"	"u"
A	"u"	"A"
A	"u"	"u"
B	"B"	"B"
B	"B"	"i"
B	"i"	"B"
B	"i"	"i"

proj_XY(L_A)

Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

proj_XZ(L_A)

Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"i"
B	"B"
B	"u"

proj_YZ(L_A)

Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"i"
"i"	"A"
"i"	"i"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"u"
"u"	"B"
"u"	"u"

proj_XY(L_B)

Object	Sign
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

proj_XZ(L_B)

Object	Interpretant
A	"A"
A	"u"
B	"B"
B	"i"

proj_YZ(L_B)

Sign	Interpretant
"A"	"A"
"A"	"u"
"u"	"A"
"u"	"u"
"B"	"B"
"B"	"i"
"i"	"B"
"i"	"i"

proj_XY(L_A) ≠ proj_XY(L_B)

proj_XZ(L_A) ≠ proj_XZ(L_B)

proj_YZ(L_A) ≠ proj_YZ(L_B)

Formatted Text Display

So in a triadic fact, say, the example

A gives B to C

we make no distinction in the ordinary logic of relations between the subject nominative, the direct object, and the indirect object. We say that the proposition has three logical subjects. We regard it as a mere affair of English grammar that there are six ways of expressing this:

A gives B to C	A benefits C with B
B enriches C at expense of A	C receives B from A
C thanks A for B	B leaves A for C

These six sentences express one and the same indivisible phenomenon. (C.S. Peirce, "The Categories Defended", MS 308 (1903), EP 2, 170-171).

Work Area

Binary Operations
x₀	x₁	²f₀	²f₁	²f₂	²f₃	²f₄	²f₅	²f₆	²f₇	²f₈	²f₉	²f₁₀	²f₁₁	²f₁₂	²f₁₃	²f₁₄	²f₁₅
0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

Draft 1

TRUTH TABLES FOR THE BOOLEAN OPERATIONS OF ARITY UP TO 2

Constants
	⁰f₀	⁰f₁
	0	1

Unary Operations
x₀	¹f₀	¹f₁	¹f₂	¹f₃
0	0	1	0	1
1	0	0	1	1

Binary Operations
x₀	x₁	²f₀	²f₁	²f₂	²f₃	²f₄	²f₅	²f₆	²f₇	²f₈	²f₉	²f₁₀	²f₁₁	²f₁₂	²f₁₃	²f₁₄	²f₁₅
0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

Draft 2

TRUTH TABLES FOR THE BOOLEAN OPERATIONS OF ARITY UP TO 2

Constants
	⁰f₀	⁰f₁
	0	1

Unary Operations
x₀	¹f₀	¹f₁	¹f₂	¹f₃
0	0	1	0	1
1	0	0	1	1

Binary Operations
x₀	x₁	²f₀	²f₁	²f₂	²f₃	²f₄	²f₅	²f₆	²f₇	²f₈	²f₉	²f₁₀	²f₁₁	²f₁₂	²f₁₃	²f₁₄	²f₁₅
0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

Inquiry and Analogy

Test Patterns

1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1

1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1

1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1

Table 10

**Table 10. Higher Order Propositions (n = 1)**
\(x\):	1 0	\(f\)	\(m_0\)	\(m_1\)	\(m_2\)	\(m_3\)	\(m_4\)	\(m_5\)	\(m_6\)	\(m_7\)	\(m_8\)	\(m_9\)	\(m_{10}\)	\(m_{11}\)	\(m_{12}\)	\(m_{13}\)	\(m_{14}\)	\(m_{15}\)
\(f_0\)	0 0	\(0\!\)	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_1\)	0 1	\((x)\!\)	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_2\)	1 0	\(x\!\)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
\(f_3\)	1 1	\(1\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

**Table 10. Higher Order Propositions (n = 1)**
\(x:\)	1 0	\(f\!\)	\(m_0\)	\(m_1\)	\(m_2\)	\(m_3\)	\(m_4\)	\(m_5\)	\(m_6\)	\(m_7\)	\(m_8\)	\(m_9\)	\(m_{10}\)	\(m_{11}\)	\(m_{12}\)	\(m_{13}\)	\(m_{14}\)	\(m_{15}\)
\(f_0\)	0 0	\(0\!\)	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_1\)	0 1	\((x)\!\)	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_2\)	1 0	\(x\!\)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
\(f_3\)	1 1	\(1\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

Table 11

**Table 11. Interpretive Categories for Higher Order Propositions (n = 1)**
Measure	Happening	Exactness	Existence	Linearity	Uniformity	Information
\(m_0\!\)	Nothing happens
\(m_1\!\)		Just false	Nothing exists
\(m_2\!\)		Just not \(x\!\)
\(m_3\!\)			Nothing is \(x\!\)
\(m_4\!\)		Just \(x\!\)
\(m_5\!\)			Everything is \(x\!\)	\(f\!\) is linear
\(m_6\!\)					\(f\!\) is not uniform	\(f\!\) is informed
\(m_7\!\)		Not just true
\(m_8\!\)		Just true
\(m_9\!\)					\(f\!\) is uniform	\(f\!\) is not informed
\(m_{10}\!\)			Something is not \(x\!\)	\(f\!\) is not linear
\(m_{11}\!\)		Not just \(x\!\)
\(m_{12}\!\)			Something is \(x\!\)
\(m_{13}\!\)		Not just not \(x\!\)
\(m_{14}\!\)		Not just false	Something exists
\(m_{15}\!\)	Anything happens

Table 12

**Table 12. Higher Order Propositions (n = 2)**
\(x:\) \(y:\)	1100 1010	\(f\!\)	\(m_0\)	\(m_1\)	\(m_2\)	\(m_3\)	\(m_4\)	\(m_5\)	\(m_6\)	\(m_7\)	\(m_8\)	\(m_9\)	\(m_{10}\)	\(m_{11}\)	\(m_{12}\)	\(m_{13}\)	\(m_{14}\)	\(m_{15}\)	\(m_{16}\)	\(m_{17}\)	\(m_{18}\)	\(m_{19}\)	\(m_{20}\)	\(m_{21}\)	\(m_{22}\)	\(m_{23}\)
\(f_0\)	0000	\((~)\)	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_1\)	0001	\((x)(y)\!\)			1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_2\)	0010	\((x) y\!\)					1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
\(f_3\)	0011	\((x)\!\)									1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_4\)	0100	\(x (y)\!\)																	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
\(f_5\)	0101	\((y)\!\)
\(f_6\)	0110	\((x, y)\!\)
\(f_7\)	0111	\((x y)\!\)
\(f_8\)	1000	\(x y\!\)
\(f_9\)	1001	\(((x, y))\!\)
\(f_{10}\)	1010	\(y\!\)
\(f_{11}\)	1011	\((x (y))\!\)
\(f_{12}\)	1100	\(x\!\)
\(f_{13}\)	1101	\(((x) y)\!\)
\(f_{14}\)	1110	\(((x)(y))\!\)
\(f_{15}\)	1111	\(((~))\!\)

**Table 12. Higher Order Propositions (n = 2)**
\(u:\) \(v:\)	1100 1010	\(f\!\)	\(m_0\)	\(m_1\)	\(m_2\)	\(m_3\)	\(m_4\)	\(m_5\)	\(m_6\)	\(m_7\)	\(m_8\)	\(m_9\)	\(m_{10}\)	\(m_{11}\)	\(m_{12}\)	\(m_{13}\)	\(m_{14}\)	\(m_{15}\)	\(m_{16}\)	\(m_{17}\)	\(m_{18}\)	\(m_{19}\)	\(m_{20}\)	\(m_{21}\)	\(m_{22}\)	\(m_{23}\)
\(f_0\)	0000	\((~)\)	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_1\)	0001	\((u)(v)\!\)	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_2\)	0010	\((u) v\!\)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
\(f_3\)	0011	\((u)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_4\)	0100	\(u (v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
\(f_5\)	0101	\((v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_6\)	0110	\((u, v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_7\)	0111	\((u v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_8\)	1000	\(u v\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_9\)	1001	\(((u, v))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{10}\)	1010	\(v\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{11}\)	1011	\((u (v))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{12}\)	1100	\(u\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{13}\)	1101	\(((u) v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{14}\)	1110	\(((u)(v))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{15}\)	1111	\(((~))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table 13

**Table 13. Qualifiers of Implication Ordering: \(\alpha_i f = \Upsilon (f_i, f) = \Upsilon (f_i \Rightarrow f)\)**
\(u:\) \(v:\)	1100 1010	\(f\!\)	\(\alpha_0\)	\(\alpha_1\)	\(\alpha_2\)	\(\alpha_3\)	\(\alpha_4\)	\(\alpha_5\)	\(\alpha_6\)	\(\alpha_7\)	\(\alpha_8\)	\(\alpha_9\)	\(\alpha_{10}\)	\(\alpha_{11}\)	\(\alpha_{12}\)	\(\alpha_{13}\)	\(\alpha_{14}\)	\(\alpha_{15}\)
\(f_0\)	0000	\((~)\)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_1\)	0001	\((u)(v)\!\)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_2\)	0010	\((u) v\!\)	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_3\)	0011	\((u)\!\)	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_4\)	0100	\(u (v)\!\)	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_5\)	0101	\((v)\!\)	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_6\)	0110	\((u, v)\!\)	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_7\)	0111	\((u v)\!\)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_8\)	1000	\(u v\!\)	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_9\)	1001	\(((u, v))\!\)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{10}\)	1010	\(v\!\)	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
\(f_{11}\)	1011	\((u (v))\!\)	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0
\(f_{12}\)	1100	\(u\!\)	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
\(f_{13}\)	1101	\(((u) v)\!\)	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0
\(f_{14}\)	1110	\(((u)(v))\!\)	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
\(f_{15}\)	1111	\(((~))\)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1

Table 14

**Table 14. Qualifiers of Implication Ordering: \(\beta_i f = \Upsilon (f, f_i) = \Upsilon (f \Rightarrow f_i)\)**
\(u:\) \(v:\)	1100 1010	\(f\!\)	\(\beta_0\)	\(\beta_1\)	\(\beta_2\)	\(\beta_3\)	\(\beta_4\)	\(\beta_5\)	\(\beta_6\)	\(\beta_7\)	\(\beta_8\)	\(\beta_9\)	\(\beta_{10}\)	\(\beta_{11}\)	\(\beta_{12}\)	\(\beta_{13}\)	\(\beta_{14}\)	\(\beta_{15}\)
\(f_0\)	0000	\((~)\)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
\(f_1\)	0001	\((u)(v)\!\)	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_2\)	0010	\((u) v\!\)	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_3\)	0011	\((u)\!\)	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
\(f_4\)	0100	\(u (v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
\(f_5\)	0101	\((v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
\(f_6\)	0110	\((u, v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
\(f_7\)	0111	\((u v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
\(f_8\)	1000	\(u v\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
\(f_9\)	1001	\(((u, v))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_{10}\)	1010	\(v\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_{11}\)	1011	\((u (v))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
\(f_{12}\)	1100	\(u\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
\(f_{13}\)	1101	\(((u) v)\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
\(f_{14}\)	1110	\(((u)(v))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
\(f_{15}\)	1111	\(((~))\!\)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1

Figure 15

Table 16

**Table 16. Syllogistic Premisses as Higher Order Indicator Functions**
\(\begin{array}{clcl} \mathrm{A} & \mathrm{Universal~Affirmative} & \mathrm{All}\ u\ \mathrm{is}\ v & \mathrm{Indicator~of}\ u (v) = 0 \\ \mathrm{E} & \mathrm{Universal~Negative} & \mathrm{All}\ u\ \mathrm{is}\ (v) & \mathrm{Indicator~of}\ u \cdot v = 0 \\ \mathrm{I} & \mathrm{Particular~Affirmative} & \mathrm{Some}\ u\ \mathrm{is}\ v & \mathrm{Indicator~of}\ u \cdot v = 1 \\ \mathrm{O} & \mathrm{Particular~Negative} & \mathrm{Some}\ u\ \mathrm{is}\ (v) & \mathrm{Indicator~of}\ u (v) = 1 \\ \end{array}\)

Table 17

**Table 17. Simple Qualifiers of Propositions (Version 1)**
\(u:\) \(v:\)	1100 1010	\(f\!\)	\((\ell_{11})\) \(\text{No } u \) \(\text{is } v \)	\((\ell_{10})\) \(\text{No } u \) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\((\ell_{01})\) \(\text{No }(u)\) \(\text{is } v \)	\((\ell_{00})\) \(\text{No }(u)\) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\( \ell_{00} \) \(\text{Some }(u)\) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\( \ell_{01} \) \(\text{Some }(u)\) \(\text{is } v \)	\( \ell_{10} \) \(\text{Some } u \) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\( \ell_{11} \) \(\text{Some } u \) \(\text{is } v \)
\(f_0\)	0000	\((~)\)	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0
\(f_1\)	0001	\((u)(v)\!\)	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0
\(f_2\)	0010	\((u) v\!\)	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0
\(f_3\)	0011	\((u)\!\)	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0
\(f_4\)	0100	\(u (v)\!\)	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	0
\(f_5\)	0101	\((v)\!\)	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
\(f_6\)	0110	\((u, v)\!\)	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	0
\(f_7\)	0111	\((u v)\!\)	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0
\(f_8\)	1000	\(u v\!\)	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	1
\(f_9\)	1001	\(((u, v))\!\)	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	1
\(f_{10}\)	1010	\(v\!\)	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_{11}\)	1011	\((u (v))\!\)	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	1
\(f_{12}\)	1100	\(u\!\)	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_{13}\)	1101	\(((u) v)\!\)	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	1
\(f_{14}\)	1110	\(((u)(v))\!\)	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	1
\(f_{15}\)	1111	\(((~))\)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1

Table 18

**Table 18. Simple Qualifiers of Propositions (Version 2)**
\(u:\) \(v:\)	1100 1010	\(f\!\)	\((\ell_{11})\) \(\text{No } u \) \(\text{is } v \)	\((\ell_{10})\) \(\text{No } u \) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\((\ell_{01})\) \(\text{No }(u)\) \(\text{is } v \)	\((\ell_{00})\) \(\text{No }(u)\) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\( \ell_{00} \) \(\text{Some }(u)\) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\( \ell_{01} \) \(\text{Some }(u)\) \(\text{is } v \)	\( \ell_{10} \) \(\text{Some } u \) \(\text{is }(v)\)	\( \ell_{11} \) \(\text{Some } u \) \(\text{is } v \)
\(f_0\)	0000	\((~)\)	1	1	1	1	0	0	0	0
\(f_1\)	0001	\((u)(v)\!\)	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0
\(f_2\)	0010	\((u) v\!\)	1	1	0	1	0	1	0	0
\(f_4\)	0100	\(u (v)\!\)	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	0
\(f_8\)	1000	\(u v\!\)	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	1
\(f_3\)	0011	\((u)\!\)	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0
\(f_{12}\)	1100	\(u\!\)	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
\(f_6\)	0110	\((u, v)\!\)	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	0
\(f_9\)	1001	\(((u, v))\!\)	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	1
\(f_5\)	0101	\((v)\!\)	1	0	1	0	1	0	1	0
\(f_{10}\)	1010	\(v\!\)	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
\(f_7\)	0111	\((u v)\!\)	1	0	0	0	1	1	1	0
\(f_{11}\)	1011	\((u (v))\!\)	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	1
\(f_{13}\)	1101	\(((u) v)\!\)	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	1
\(f_{14}\)	1110	\(((u)(v))\!\)	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	1
\(f_{15}\)	1111	\(((~))\)	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1

Table 19

**Table 19. Relation of Quantifiers to Higher Order Propositions**
\(\text{Mnemonic}\)	\(\text{Category}\)	\(\text{Classical Form}\)	\(\text{Alternate Form}\)	\(\text{Symmetric Form}\)	\(\text{Operator}\)
\(\text{E}\!\) \(\text{Exclusive}\)	\(\text{Universal}\) \(\text{Negative}\)	\(\text{All}\ u\ \text{is}\ (v)\)		\(\text{No}\ u\ \text{is}\ v \)	\((\ell_{11})\)
\(\text{A}\!\) \(\text{Absolute}\)	\(\text{Universal}\) \(\text{Affirmative}\)	\(\text{All}\ u\ \text{is}\ v \)		\(\text{No}\ u\ \text{is}\ (v)\)	\((\ell_{10})\)
		\(\text{All}\ v\ \text{is}\ u \)	\(\text{No}\ v\ \text{is}\ (u)\)	\(\text{No}\ (u)\ \text{is}\ v \)	\((\ell_{01})\)
		\(\text{All}\ (v)\ \text{is}\ u \)	\(\text{No}\ (v)\ \text{is}\ (u)\)	\(\text{No}\ (u)\ \text{is}\ (v)\)	\((\ell_{00})\)
		\(\text{Some}\ (u)\ \text{is}\ (v)\)		\(\text{Some}\ (u)\ \text{is}\ (v)\)	\(\ell_{00}\!\)
		\(\text{Some}\ (u)\ \text{is}\ v\)		\(\text{Some}\ (u)\ \text{is}\ v\)	\(\ell_{01}\!\)
\(\text{O}\!\) \(\text{Obtrusive}\)	\(\text{Particular}\) \(\text{Negative}\)	\(\text{Some}\ u\ \text{is}\ (v)\)		\(\text{Some}\ u\ \text{is}\ (v)\)	\(\ell_{10}\!\)
\(\text{I}\!\) \(\text{Indefinite}\)	\(\text{Particular}\) \(\text{Affirmative}\)	\(\text{Some}\ u\ \text{is}\ v\)		\(\text{Some}\ u\ \text{is}\ v\)	\(\ell_{11}\!\)