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'''Dalmatian Italians''' are an Italian national minority in the region of Dalmatia (within [[Croatia]] and Montenegro).  After the 1840s the ethnic group suffered from a trend of decreasing numbers and only around 1,000 of the grouping remain.

'''Dalmatian Italians''' are an Italian national minority in the region of Dalmatia (within [[Croatia]] and Montenegro).  After the 1840s the ethnic group suffered from a trend of decreasing numbers and only around 1,000 of the group remain.

==History==

==History==

During the Barbarian invasions<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6WjSYwIGIm4C&pg=PA48&dq=dalmatia+roman+empire&hl=en&ei=xJ_pTNzjO4elcaj7sO0K&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBjgU#v=onepage&q=dalmatia%20roman%20empire&f=false A London Encyclopaedia:] Or Universal Dictionary of Science, Art, Literature (p48)

During the Barbarian invasions<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6WjSYwIGIm4C&pg=PA48&dq=dalmatia+roman+empire&hl=en&ei=xJ_pTNzjO4elcaj7sO0K&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBjgU#v=onepage&q=dalmatia%20roman%20empire&f=false A London Encyclopaedia:] Or Universal Dictionary of Science, Art, Literature (p48)

* "In the latter ages of the Roman Empire this country suffered frequently from in-roads of Barbarians..."</ref> of Eurasian Avars allied with certain Slavic tribes,<ref>The Changing Face of Dalmatia: Archaeological and Ecological Studies in a Mediterranean Landscape by John Chapman, Robert Shiel & Sime Batovic

* "In the latter ages of the Roman Empire this country suffered frequently from in-roads of Barbarians..."</ref> of Eurasian Avars allied with certain Slavic tribes,<ref>The Changing Face of Dalmatia: Archaeological and Ecological Studies in a Mediterranean landscape ''by'' John Chapman, Robert Shiel & Sime Batovic

* "In chapters 29 and 30, two similar accounts are given for the fall of nearby Salona to the Avars and Slavs ..."</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kMXURN7sxh4C&pg=PA5&dq=Roman+empire+Dalmatia+slavs&hl=en&ei=H6bpTNqiDcyHcZyF9aEK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Roman%20empire%20Dalmatia%20slavs&f=false The Italians of Dalmatia:] From Italian Unification to World War I by Luciano Monzali (p5)</ref> invaded and plundered Byzantine-Roman Dalmatia. This eventually led to the settlement of different Slavic tribes in the Balkans.  

* "In chapters 29 and 30, two similar accounts are given for the fall of nearby Salona to the Avars and Slavs ..."</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kMXURN7sxh4C&pg=PA5&dq=Roman+empire+Dalmatia+slavs&hl=en&ei=H6bpTNqiDcyHcZyF9aEK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Roman%20empire%20Dalmatia%20slavs&f=false The Italians of Dalmatia:] From Italian Unification to World War One by Luciano Monzali (p5)</ref> invaded and plundered Byzantine-Roman Dalmatia. This eventually led to the settlement of different Slavic tribes in the Balkans.  

The original Roman population endured within the coastal cities<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4Nv6SPRKqs8C&pg=PA269&dq=Roman+empire+Dalmatia+slavs&hl=en&ei=H6bpTNqiDcyHcZyF9aEK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Roman%20empire%20Dalmatia%20slavs&f=false The Illyrians] by John Wilkes (p269)</ref> and in the inhospitable Dinaric Alps (later known as "Morlachs" or Vlachs).

The original Roman population endured within the coastal cities<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4Nv6SPRKqs8C&pg=PA269&dq=Roman+empire+Dalmatia+slavs&hl=en&ei=H6bpTNqiDcyHcZyF9aEK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Roman%20empire%20Dalmatia%20slavs&f=false The Illyrians] by John Wilkes (p269)</ref> and in the inhospitable Dinaric Alps (later known as "Morlachs" or Vlachs).

The Dalmatian cities retained their Romanic culture and [[Latin]] language in cities such as Zadar (Jadera/Zara), Split (Spalatum/Spalato) and Dubrovnik (Ragusa)). They developed their own ''vulgar Latin'',  the Dalmatian language, a now extinct Romance language.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=29BAeKHwvuoC&pg=PA377&dq=Dalmatian+language+extinct+Romance+language&hl=en&ei=MKjpTL_aJs2ecdHXrNwK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Dalmatian%20language%20extinct%20Romance%20language&f=false Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe] by Glanville Price (p377)</ref>  

The Dalmatian cities retained their Romanic culture and [[Latin]] language in cities such as Zadar (Jadera/Zara), Split (Spalatum/Spalato) and Dubrovnik (Ragusa). They developed their own ''vulgar Latin'',  the Dalmatian language, a now extinct Romance language.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=29BAeKHwvuoC&pg=PA377&dq=Dalmatian+language+extinct+Romance+language&hl=en&ei=MKjpTL_aJs2ecdHXrNwK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Dalmatian%20language%20extinct%20Romance%20language&f=false Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe] by Glanville Price (p377)</ref>  

These coastal cities (politically part of the Byzantine Empire)<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/pss/4204507  University College London, School of Slavonic and East European Studies] The Slavonic and East European Review-The Slavonic-Latin Symbiosis in Dalmatia during the Middle Ages by Victor Novak</ref> maintained political, cultural and economic links with Italy, through the Adriatic sea. On the other side communications with the mainland were difficult because of the Dinaric Alps.  

These coastal cities (politically part of the Byzantine Empire)<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/pss/4204507  University College London, School of Slavonic and East European Studies] The Slavonic and East European Review-The Slavonic Latin Symbiosis in Dalmatia during the Middle Ages ''by'' Victor Novak</ref> maintained political, cultural and economic links with the [[Italy|Italian]] peninsula, through the Adriatic sea. Communications with the mainland were difficult because of the Dinaric Alps.  

Due to the sharp orography of Dalmatia, even communications between the different Dalmatian cities, occurred mainly through the sea. This helped Dalmatian cities to develop a unique Romance culture, despite the mostly Slavicized mainland.

Due to the sharp orography <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Orography| title=Encyclopaedia Britannica (1911 Edition): Orography|date=[[2010]]|accessdate=2010-11-22}}

 

* "OROGRAPHY: That part of physical geography which deals with the geological formation, the surface features and description of mountains. The terms "oreography," "orology" and "oreology" are also sometimes used.</ref> of Dalmatia, even communications between the different Dalmatian cities, occurred mainly through the sea. This helped Dalmatian cities to develop a unique Romance culture, despite the mostly Slavicized mainland".

During the late Middle ages the population started to merge with the Slavic peoples of Dalmatia. This process was most evident in the coastal and island regions of Dalmatia.

During the late Middle ages the population started to merge with the Slavic peoples of Dalmatia. This process was most evident in the coastal and island regions of Dalmatia.

==References==

==References==

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