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'''Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University'''

==Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University==

 

Brahma Kumaris' so-called "World Spiritual University" promotes new and unique ideas based on messages received from mediumship and spirit chaneling. It also claims its practises are the "ancient" Raja Yoga despite only commencing post-1950. It is now promoted behind the facade of new age, positive thinking, values based and coporate training courses. Many individuals experience benefit from these. Indeed, some individuals can look back at their time as a "student" of the BKWSU positively. However, whether right or wrong, at the core of BKWSU teachings and lifestyles are identical elements to recognised cult behaviour. Elements that are hidden from the general public and slowly introduced during the process of indoctrination.

==Followers homes counted as centers==

==Followers homes counted as centers==

Whilst claiming to have 8,500 centres in 100 countries, the vast majority of these are privately owned residential homes and apartments, many taking donations to pay for personal mortgages.  

Whilst claiming to have 8,500 centres in 100 countries, the vast majority of these are privately owned residential homes and apartments, many taking donations to pay for personal mortgages.  

==Beliefs==

==Beliefs==

Brahma Kumari beliefs include;

Brahma Kumaris believe God possessed a multi-millionaire Hindu jeweler called Lekhraj Kripalani in Pakistan and started to speak and act through him. He and his followers predicted the end of the world, which Brahma Kumaris call "Destruction" in WWII, 1950, 1976, the mid-1980s and year 2000. For the first 20 years of their existence, his followers believed him to be Prajapati God Brahma. At some point after 1950, they introduced the concept of a new spirit being called God Shiva. Until that time, the small community lived off Lekhraj Kripalani's accumulated fortune and other donations. From the early 1950s, the movement became evangelical and has since spread to the West, amassing considerable wealth and a large property portfolio including a English country mansion and many upscale ashrams.

» belief in the imminent destruction of this world by an unavoidable Nuclear Holocaust [now overdue by 30 to 50 years]

» belief in themselves as the only true messengers of God

 

» belief that God only speaks to them and them alone in person at their Indian headquarters via a mediumistic channeller

* belief in the imminent destruction of this world by an unavoidable Nuclear Holocaust [now overdue by 30 to 50 years]

» hypnagogic, trance-like practises and repetitive auto-suggestion

* belief in themselves as the only true messengers of God

» fixation on attracting VIPs to enhance their credibility and act as "microphones" for their message

* belief that God only speaks to them and them alone in person at their Indian headquarters via a mediumistic channeller

» exaggerated distinction between "pure" [their teachings and activities] and "impure" [the rest of the World's opinions and leaders]

* hypnagogic, trance-like practises and repetitive auto-suggestion

» exaggerated sense of self-importance [they being topknot "Brahmins"], the rest of the World [Untouchables or "Shudras"]

* fixation on attracting VIPs to enhance their credibility and act as "microphones" for their message

» belief in an unrealistic view of science, e.g. all of time existing within one endlessly repeating 5,000 year timeframe

* exaggerated distinction between "pure" [their teachings and activities] and "impure" [the rest of the World's opinions and leaders]

» a slow and gradual re-writing of their core beliefs as they fail

* exaggerated sense of self-importance [they being topknot "Brahmins"], the rest of the World [Untouchables or "Shudras"]

» unquestionable and unaccountable non-democratic leadership

* belief in an unrealistic view of science, e.g. all of time existing within one endlessly repeating 5,000 year timeframe

» amassing of considerable wealth from followers under such pressures

* a slow and gradual re-writing of their core beliefs as they fail

» complete separation from non-BKs by complete control of diet, demanding lifestyle, celibacy

* unquestionable and unaccountable non-democratic leadership

» graphic exaggeration of the plight of those that leave the group ; "grinding of teeth like the sound of mustard seeds ... crying tears of blood at Destruction", sexual activity being like "throwing one's self from a 5th storey high building", having to face a severe God at Judgement Day

* amassing of considerable wealth from followers under such pressures

» secrecy, revision and disguise of the nature and process of teachings

* complete separation from non-BKs by complete control of diet, demanding lifestyle, celibacy

» intense and long lasting social and psychological problems within individuals leaving the organisation.

* graphic exaggeration of the plight of those that leave the group ; "grinding of teeth like the sound of mustard seeds ... crying tears of blood at Destruction", sexual activity being like "throwing one's self from a 5th storey high building", having to face a severe God at Judgement Day

* secrecy, revision and disguise of the nature and process of teachings

* intense and long lasting social and psychological problems within individuals leaving the organisation.

The Brahma Kumaris encourage followers;

The Brahma Kumaris encourage followers;

» not to eat food cooked by impure non-followers such as physical relatives

* not to eat food cooked by impure non-followers such as physical relatives

» to practice detachment from parents and children

* to practice detachment from parents and children

» to separate from non-Brahma Kumari partners and family so as not to make any more "karmic accounts" with them that would be obstacles to their path

* to separate from non-Brahma Kumari partners and family so as not to make any more "karmic accounts" with them that would be obstacles to their path

Under these pressures, individuals are willing to put aside reason and surrender themselves mind, body and wealth, to the will of senior members of the BKWSU. Most of these senior members are professionally untrained in any manner whatsoever. Despite dabbling with perhaps the deepest levels of the human mind, many of these senior members have only ever had a basic education, e.g. 3 years schooling, and no professional experience. One senior BK recently estimated that in India there were as many as 20,000 so-called teachers that have had no training whatsoever. The curriculum and teaching methods have been likened to that of a primary school or kindergarten where followers are infantilized

Under these pressures, individuals are willing to put aside reason and surrender themselves mind, body and wealth, to the will of senior members of the BKWSU. Most of these senior members are professionally untrained in any manner whatsoever. Despite dabbling with perhaps the deepest levels of the human mind, many of these senior members have only ever had a basic education, e.g. 3 years schooling, and no professional experience. One senior BK recently estimated that in India there were as many as 20,000 so-called teachers that have had no training whatsoever. The curriculum and teaching methods have been likened to that of a primary school or kindergarten where followers are infantilized

== Controversies and criticism ==

== Controversies and criticism ==

Questioned how dinosaurs fit within a 5,000 year Cycle of Time BK Neville Hodgkinson, a former scientific correspondent for an English national newspaper, questioned the existence of dinosaurs on the basis of the lack of bones that have been found whilst other BK follower argued that dinosaurs exist in a parallel space-time dimension and because of a warp hole end up in this dimension.

Questioned how dinosaurs fit within a 5,000 year Cycle of Time BK Neville Hodgkinson, a former scientific correspondent for an English national newspaper, questioned the existence of dinosaurs on the basis of the lack of bones that have been found whilst other BK follower argued that dinosaurs exist in a parallel space-time dimension and because of a warp hole end up in this dimension.

The Brahma Kumaris have featured in the 'Wissen schtzt' reports of Austria (edited by then Austrian Minister for Family Affairs Mr. Martin Bartenstein), Russia (International Conference "Totalitarian Cults - Threat of Twenty-First Century", Nizhny Novgorod, 2001) and in a MIVILUDES report submitted to the French National Assembly as a "sectes dangereuses" (harmful cult) and "groupe d'enfermement" (group of confinement). This has leading to the presecution of followers in local media leading to job losses after it discovered that they belonged to a secte [85] and denouncement for their influence on children under their care.

The Brahma Kumaris have featured in the 'Wissen schtzt' reports of Austria (edited by then Austrian Minister for Family Affairs Mr. Martin Bartenstein), Russia (International Conference "Totalitarian Cults - Threat of Twenty-First Century", Nizhny Novgorod, 2001) and in a MIVILUDES report submitted to the French National Assembly as a "sectes dangereuses" (harmful cult) and "groupe d'enfermement" (group of confinement). This has leading to the presecution of followers in local media leading to job losses after it discovered that they belonged to a secte and denouncement for their influence on children under their care.

 

 

==Websites==

==Websites==

* http://www.brahmakumaris.info/

* http://www.brahmakumaris.info

* http://www.brahmakumaris.com/

* http://www.brahmakumaris.com

* http://www.bkwsuwatch.com

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==References==

==References==

* a b Bartholomeusz, Tessa J.; Clayton, John; Collins (1994). Women under the Bo Tree: Buddhist nuns in Sri Lanka. Cambridge Studies in Religious Traditions, Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521461290.

 

* Bartholomeusz, Tessa J.; Clayton, John; Collins (1994). Women under the Bo Tree: Buddhist nuns in Sri Lanka. Cambridge Studies in Religious Traditions, Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521461290.

* Robbins, Thomas (1997). Millennium, Messiahs, and Mayhem: Contemporary Apocalyptic Movements, Routledge. ISBN 978-0415916486.

* Robbins, Thomas (1997). Millennium, Messiahs, and Mayhem: Contemporary Apocalyptic Movements, Routledge. ISBN 978-0415916486.

* a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Babb, Lawrence A. (1987). Redemptive Encounters: Three Modern Styles in the Hindu Tradition (Comparative Studies in Religion and Society), Oxford University Press. ISBN 0706925637.

* Babb, Lawrence A. (1987). Redemptive Encounters: Three Modern Styles in the Hindu Tradition (Comparative Studies in Religion and Society), Oxford University Press. ISBN 0706925637.

* Klimo, Jon (1998). Channeling: Investigations on Receiving Information from Paranormal Sources, North Atlantic Books. pp. 100. ISBN 978-1556432484.

* Klimo, Jon (1998). Channeling: Investigations on Receiving Information from Paranormal Sources, North Atlantic Books. pp. 100. ISBN 978-1556432484.

* a b c d Wilson, Bryan; Eileen Barker, James Beckford, Anthony Bradney, Colin Campbell, George Chryssies, Peter Clarke, Paul Heelas, Massimo Introvigne, Lawrence Lilliston, Godeon Melton, Elizabeth Puttick, Gary Sherpherd, Colin Slee, Frank Usarski (1999). Bryan Wilson. ed.. New Religious Movements: Challenge and Response, Routledge. ISBN 978-0415200493.

* Wilson, Bryan; Eileen Barker, James Beckford, Anthony Bradney, Colin Campbell, George Chryssies, Peter Clarke, Paul Heelas, Massimo Introvigne, Lawrence Lilliston, Godeon Melton, Elizabeth Puttick, Gary Sherpherd, Colin Slee, Frank Usarski (1999). Bryan Wilson. ed.. New Religious Movements: Challenge and Response, Routledge. ISBN 978-0415200493.

* a b c d "Brahma Kumaris: A New Religion?". Reender Kranenborg, Free University of Amsterdam. Retrieved on 2007-07-27. "The entire way of the Brahma Kumaris can be characterized as raja yoga. One should not think here in the first place of classical yoga, as described by Patanjali."

* "Brahma Kumaris: A New Religion?". Reender Kranenborg, Free University of Amsterdam. Retrieved on 2007-07-27. "The entire way of the Brahma Kumaris can be characterized as raja yoga. One should not think here in the first place of classical yoga, as described by Patanjali."

* a b Walliss, J. (1999). "From world rejection to ambivalence: the development of millenarianism in the Brahma Kumaris". Journal of Contemporary Religion 14 (3): 375–385.

* Walliss, J. (1999). "From world rejection to ambivalence: the development of millenarianism in the Brahma Kumaris". Journal of Contemporary Religion 14 (3): 375–385.

* a b c d e Hardy, Hardayal (1984). Struggles and Sorrows: The Personal Testimony of a Chief Justice, Vikas Publishing House. pp. 37–39. ISBN 0706925637.

* Hardy, Hardayal (1984). Struggles and Sorrows: The Personal Testimony of a Chief Justice, Vikas Publishing House. pp. 37–39. ISBN 0706925637.

* a b c d e Walliss, John (2002). The Brahma Kumaris As a Reflexive Tradition: Responding to Late Modernity, Ashgate Publishing. pp. 99–129. ISBN 978-0754609513.

* Walliss, John (2002). The Brahma Kumaris As a Reflexive Tradition: Responding to Late Modernity, Ashgate Publishing. pp. 99–129. ISBN 978-0754609513.

* a b c Chander, B. K Jagdish (1981). Adi Dev: The first man, B.K. Raja Yoga Center for the Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University..

* Chander, B. K Jagdish (1981). Adi Dev: The first man, B.K. Raja Yoga Center for the Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University..

* a b Abbott, Elizabeth (2001). A History of Celibacy, James Clarke & Co.. pp. 172–174. ISBN 0718830067.

* Abbott, Elizabeth (2001). A History of Celibacy, James Clarke & Co.. pp. 172–174. ISBN 0718830067.

* a b Barrett, David V (2001). The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions, Cassell & Co.. ISBN 978-0304355921. "'sex is an expression of 'body-consciousness' and leads to the other vices', probably stems in part from the origins of the movement in 1930s India, when women had to submit to their husbands.".

* Barrett, David V (2001). The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions, Cassell & Co.. ISBN 978-0304355921. "'sex is an expression of 'body-consciousness' and leads to the other vices', probably stems in part from the origins of the movement in 1930s India, when women had to submit to their husbands.".

* a b c Hodgkinson, Liz (2002). Peace and Purity: The Story of the Brahma Kumaris a Spiritual Revolution, HCI. pp. 2–29. ISBN 1558749624.

* Hodgkinson, Liz (2002). Peace and Purity: The Story of the Brahma Kumaris a Spiritual Revolution, HCI. pp. 2–29. ISBN 1558749624.

* Radhe, Brahma-Kumari (1939). Is this justice?: Being an account of the founding of the Om Mandli & the Om Nivas and their suppression, by application of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1908, Pharmacy Printing Press. pp. 35–36.

* Radhe, Brahma-Kumari (1939). Is this justice?: Being an account of the founding of the Om Mandli & the Om Nivas and their suppression, by application of the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1908, Pharmacy Printing Press. pp. 35–36.

* Coupland, Reginald (1944). The Indian Problem: Report on the Constitutional Problem in India, Oxford University Press.

* Coupland, Reginald (1944). The Indian Problem: Report on the Constitutional Problem in India, Oxford University Press.

* Bedi, Kiran (2007). It's Always Possible : One Woman's Transformation of India's Prison System, Himalayan Institute Press. ISBN 978-0893892586.

* Bedi, Kiran (2007). It's Always Possible : One Woman's Transformation of India's Prison System, Himalayan Institute Press. ISBN 978-0893892586.

* Lochtefeld, Ph.D., James G. (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism Vol. I, entry "Brahma Kumaris", Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-8239-3179-X.

* Lochtefeld, Ph.D., James G. (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism Vol. I, entry "Brahma Kumaris", Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-8239-3179-X.

* a b Bartholomeusz, Tessa J. (1994). Women Under the Bo Tree,:Cambridge Studies in Religious Traditions. Edited by John Clayton (University of Lancaster), Steven Collins (University of Chicago) and Nicholas de Lange (University of Cambridge), Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-521-46129-4.

* Bartholomeusz, Tessa J. (1994). Women Under the Bo Tree,:Cambridge Studies in Religious Traditions. Edited by John Clayton (University of Lancaster), Steven Collins (University of Chicago) and Nicholas de Lange (University of Cambridge), Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-521-46129-4.

* "Brahma Kumaris: Conquering A Callous World with Purity". Hinduism Today. Retrieved on 2007-07-28. ""The most strict will not eat fard which is not prepared by a Brahma Kumaris. While traveling they abstain from public fare and carry their own utensils for cooking.""

* "Brahma Kumaris: Conquering A Callous World with Purity". Hinduism Today. Retrieved on 2007-07-28. ""The most strict will not eat fard which is not prepared by a Brahma Kumaris. While traveling they abstain from public fare and carry their own utensils for cooking.""

* Smith, Dr Wendy A. (Autumn 2007). "Gender Role Experimentation in New Religious Movements: clarification of the Brahma Kumari case". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 45: 16–17. "Strict adherence requires that they only eat food cooked by themselves of other Brahma Kumaris in order to benefit from the pure vibrations of the person cooling teh food. This has meant that some members do not eat food cooked by their mothers or other relatives who are not in the movement thus challenging one of the most basic social activities which fosters social relationships, eating together.".

* Smith, Dr Wendy A. (Autumn 2007). "Gender Role Experimentation in New Religious Movements: clarification of the Brahma Kumari case". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 45: 16–17. "Strict adherence requires that they only eat food cooked by themselves of other Brahma Kumaris in order to benefit from the pure vibrations of the person cooling teh food. This has meant that some members do not eat food cooked by their mothers or other relatives who are not in the movement thus challenging one of the most basic social activities which fosters social relationships, eating together.".

* a b c Whaling, Prof Frank (2004). Encyclopedia of New Religions; New Religious Movements, Sects and Alternative Spiritualities. Edited by Christopher Partridge and Gorden Melton, Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-745-95073-6.

* c Whaling, Prof Frank (2004). Encyclopedia of New Religions; New Religious Movements, Sects and Alternative Spiritualities. Edited by Christopher Partridge and Gorden Melton, Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-745-95073-6.

* Hinnells, John (1997). The Penguin Dictionary of Religions. Extract by Eileen Barker, Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-14-051261-6.

* Hinnells, John (1997). The Penguin Dictionary of Religions. Extract by Eileen Barker, Rosen, New York. ISBN 0-14-051261-6.

* Barker, Eileen (1989). New Religious Movement: A Practical Introduction, HMSO, London. pp. 168–70. ISBN 0-14-051261-6.

* Barker, Eileen (1989). New Religious Movement: A Practical Introduction, HMSO, London. pp. 168–70. ISBN 0-14-051261-6.

* Melton, J. Gordon (1993). The Encyclopedia of American Religions. 4th edition, Gale, Detroit. pp. 909–10.

* Melton, J. Gordon (1993). The Encyclopedia of American Religions. 4th edition, Gale, Detroit. pp. 909–10.

* Howell, Dr Julia D (April 1997). "ASC induction techniques, spiritual experiences, and commitment to new religious movements". Journal of Beliefs and Values, 58 (2): 149. ""All accept the very senior BKs in the Western branches must support themselves (most work), but the pressure to adopt the BK's "purity rules" (non-commensality with non-members; avoidance of meat and certain other foods, alcohol, and sex), and most Brahmins live in shared accommodation with other members ... enabling the organization to powerfully reinforce its beliefs."".

* Howell, Dr Julia D (April 1997). "ASC induction techniques, spiritual experiences, and commitment to new religious movements". Journal of Beliefs and Values, 58 (2): 149. ""All accept the very senior BKs in the Western branches must support themselves (most work), but the pressure to adopt the BK's "purity rules" (non-commensality with non-members; avoidance of meat and certain other foods, alcohol, and sex), and most Brahmins live in shared accommodation with other members ... enabling the organization to powerfully reinforce its beliefs."".

* a b Barz, R.K. (1992). "A reinterpretation of bhakti theology: from the Pustimarg to the Brahma Kumaris". Devotional Literature in South Asia: Current Research, 1985-8. Retrieved on 25 January 2008. "[BKWSU] ... does not associate itself with any earlier Hindu movement, bhakti or otherwise,".

* Barz, R.K. (1992). "A reinterpretation of bhakti theology: from the Pustimarg to the Brahma Kumaris". Devotional Literature in South Asia: Current Research, 1985-8. Retrieved on 25 January 2008. "[BKWSU] ... does not associate itself with any earlier Hindu movement, bhakti or otherwise,".

* Howell, Julia Day (2005). Peter Clarke. ed.. Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements, Routledge. pp. 63–64. ISBN 978-0415267076. "The BK teachings revise Hindu beliefs in a Golden Age that deteriorates into successive ages in an endlessly recurring cycle of time; according to the movement, we are now in the worst age, on the eve of destruction, and only BKs who have purified themselves through a vegetarian diet and chastity and cultivated "soul consciousness", will be reborn into the Golden Age.".

* Howell, Julia Day (2005). Peter Clarke. ed.. Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements, Routledge. pp. 63–64. ISBN 978-0415267076. "The BK teachings revise Hindu beliefs in a Golden Age that deteriorates into successive ages in an endlessly recurring cycle of time; according to the movement, we are now in the worst age, on the eve of destruction, and only BKs who have purified themselves through a vegetarian diet and chastity and cultivated "soul consciousness", will be reborn into the Golden Age.".

* a b Babb, Lawrence A. (1981). "On celibate marriages: the Polish Catholics' encounter with Hindu spirituality". Glancing: Visual Interaction in Hinduism", Journal of Anthropological Research Winter (4): 387–401.

* Babb, Lawrence A. (1981). "On celibate marriages: the Polish Catholics' encounter with Hindu spirituality". Glancing: Visual Interaction in Hinduism", Journal of Anthropological Research Winter (4): 387–401.

* "Astonishing similarities between Brahma Kumari and Islam"

* "Astonishing similarities between Brahma Kumari and Islam"

* P.195, Exploring New Religions, By George D Chryssides

* P.195, Exploring New Religions, By George D Chryssides

* Barrett, David V (2001). The New Believers, Cassell & Co. pp. 265. ISBN 0-304-35592-5. "Time is cyclical with each 5,000 year cycle consisting of a perfect Golden Age, a slightly degraded Silver age, a decadent Copper Age, and an Iron Age which is characterized by violence, greed, and lust. Each of these lasts for exactly 1,250 years. Our current Iron Age will shortly come to an end, after which the cycle will begin again.".

* Barrett, David V (2001). The New Believers, Cassell & Co. pp. 265. ISBN 0-304-35592-5. "Time is cyclical with each 5,000 year cycle consisting of a perfect Golden Age, a slightly degraded Silver age, a decadent Copper Age, and an Iron Age which is characterized by violence, greed, and lust. Each of these lasts for exactly 1,250 years. Our current Iron Age will shortly come to an end, after which the cycle will begin again.".

* "Brahma Kumaris: Conquering A Callous World with Purity". Hinduism Today. Retrieved on 2007-07-18.

* "Brahma Kumaris: Conquering A Callous World with Purity". Hinduism Today. Retrieved on 2007-07-18.

* a b Walliss, John (2002). The Brahma Kumaris As a Reflexive Tradition: Responding to Late Modernity, Ashgate Publishing. pp. 107. ISBN 978-0754609513. ""The final evening classes that I attended, at which the core content of the murli was the Destruction ... during one part of this an eclectic user asked 'so, you're an end-of-the-world cult then?' to which the center co-ordinator replied, no, we believe in world transformation. In response, the questioner asked 'well, surely the "transformation" you're talking about is Destruction? The whole population is going to shrink almost to instantly down to a couple of thousand, whole areas of the world are going to be flooded, nuclear bombs are going to be going off.' 'Well, replied the co-ordinator, 'it depends on how you look at it'."".

* Walliss, John (2002). The Brahma Kumaris As a Reflexive Tradition: Responding to Late Modernity, Ashgate Publishing. pp. 107. ISBN 978-0754609513. ""The final evening classes that I attended, at which the core content of the murli was the Destruction ... during one part of this an eclectic user asked 'so, you're an end-of-the-world cult then?' to which the center co-ordinator replied, no, we believe in world transformation. In response, the questioner asked 'well, surely the "transformation" you're talking about is Destruction? The whole population is going to shrink almost to instantly down to a couple of thousand, whole areas of the world are going to be flooded, nuclear bombs are going to be going off.' 'Well, replied the co-ordinator, 'it depends on how you look at it'."".

* Beit-hallahmi, B. (2004). "[http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&id=SjIKL5q8HrEC&oi=fnd&pg=PA87&dq=bkwsu&ots=8JzjGa25Uy&sig=4RWN7gdUstsYI5QCom8I175Nstk quote = A case study of Brahma Kumaris, a contemporary group characterized by an apocalyptic vision (kept hidden from nonmembers). Death, Fantasy, and Religious Transformations]". The Psychology of Death in Fantasy and History. Retrieved on 25 January 2008.

* Beit-hallahmi, B. (2004). "[http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&id=SjIKL5q8HrEC&oi=fnd&pg=PA87&dq=bkwsu&ots=8JzjGa25Uy&sig=4RWN7gdUstsYI5QCom8I175Nstk quote = A case study of Brahma Kumaris, a contemporary group characterized by an apocalyptic vision (kept hidden from nonmembers). Death, Fantasy, and Religious Transformations]". The Psychology of Death in Fantasy and History. Retrieved on 25 January 2008.

* Babb, Lawrence A. (1987). Redemptive Encounters: Three Modern Styles in the Hindu Tradition (Comparative Studies in Religion and Society), Oxford University Press. ISBN 0706925637. "Sexual intercourse is unnecessary for reproduction because the souls that enter the world during the first half of the Cycle are in possession of a special yogic power (yog bal) by which they conceive children".

* Babb, Lawrence A. (1987). Redemptive Encounters: Three Modern Styles in the Hindu Tradition (Comparative Studies in Religion and Society), Oxford University Press. ISBN 0706925637. "Sexual intercourse is unnecessary for reproduction because the souls that enter the world during the first half of the Cycle are in possession of a special yogic power (yog bal) by which they conceive children".

* a b Lalrinawma, V.S. (2003). The Liberation of Women in and through the Movement of the Prajapita Brahma Kumaris. ISPCK, Cambridge Press, Delhi. pp. 13. ISBN 81-7214-771-6.

* Lalrinawma, V.S. (2003). The Liberation of Women in and through the Movement of the Prajapita Brahma Kumaris. ISPCK, Cambridge Press, Delhi. pp. 13. ISBN 81-7214-771-6.

* Babb, Lawrence A. (1987). Redemptive Encounters: Three Modern Styles in the Hindu Tradition (Comparative Studies in Religion and Society), Oxford University Press. ISBN 0706925637. ""The real issue is what one's status will be in the coming paradise ... Those of the highest status will not only be the rulers of heaven, but will be close to Lekhraj throughout their world-careers."".

* Babb, Lawrence A. (1987). Redemptive Encounters: Three Modern Styles in the Hindu Tradition (Comparative Studies in Religion and Society), Oxford University Press. ISBN 0706925637. ""The real issue is what one's status will be in the coming paradise ... Those of the highest status will not only be the rulers of heaven, but will be close to Lekhraj throughout their world-careers."".

* Chryssides, George. ""Members are encouraged to purify their minds by the practise of Raja Yoga. This can entail sitting tranquilly, in front of a screen which Dada Lehkraj's picture projected, then making a number of "affirmations", regarding the eternal nature of the soul (atma), the original purity of one's nature, and the nature of God (paramatmā Shiva). The Brahma Kumaris believe that practice of Raja Yoga enables spiritual progress as well as having pragmatic benefits, for example, business success. Brahma Kumaris frequently organize seminars on business management and on developing personal life skills"".

* Chryssides, George. ""Members are encouraged to purify their minds by the practise of Raja Yoga. This can entail sitting tranquilly, in front of a screen which Dada Lehkraj's picture projected, then making a number of "affirmations", regarding the eternal nature of the soul (atma), the original purity of one's nature, and the nature of God (paramatmā Shiva). The Brahma Kumaris believe that practice of Raja Yoga enables spiritual progress as well as having pragmatic benefits, for example, business success. Brahma Kumaris frequently organize seminars on business management and on developing personal life skills"".

* "[http://neda.up.nic.in/ALLGO/Page21to62.pdf Implementation of Solar Thermal Energy Programme during 2000-20001- Sanction order]". Government of India, Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources. Retrieved on 2004-05-14. "The system is of a hybrid nature backed up with an oil fired boiler to make it reliable under all conditions. A maximum of 33,800 meals have been reported to be cooked in a single day with this system apart from boiling 3000 litres of water for preparing tea. The system has been reported to save around 400 litres of furnace oil on its full use."

* "[http://neda.up.nic.in/ALLGO/Page21to62.pdf Implementation of Solar Thermal Energy Programme during 2000-20001- Sanction order]". Government of India, Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources. Retrieved on 2004-05-14. "The system is of a hybrid nature backed up with an oil fired boiler to make it reliable under all conditions. A maximum of 33,800 meals have been reported to be cooked in a single day with this system apart from boiling 3000 litres of water for preparing tea. The system has been reported to save around 400 litres of furnace oil on its full use."

* "BBC". BBC. Retrieved on 2007-07-22. "An ashram in Rajasthan has put in place the world's largest solar powered steam cooking system. Thirty-four thousand people can be fed in a day."

* "BBC". BBC. Retrieved on 2007-07-22. "An ashram in Rajasthan has put in place the world's largest solar powered steam cooking system. Thirty-four thousand people can be fed in a day."

* a b "BKWSU History". BKWSU. Retrieved on 2007-07-22.

* "BKWSU History". BKWSU. Retrieved on 2007-07-22.

* "Beloved "Didi", Sivabhaktar and Co-Head of Brahma Kumaris, Passes In Bombay". Hinduism Today. Retrieved on 2007-07-22. "Sister Denise, Director of the San Francisco Center, flew right away to Mt. Abu, and shared this very intimate account of the traditional 13-day period of sacred ritual and vigil which honored Didi: "Large piles of red rose petals covered her - offered by nearly 1,500 devotees who managed the difficult ascent up Mt. Abu, braving the driving rains. After two days, we put her on a wooden litter and carried her through the city of Mt. Abu, pinnacled high above the flat plains of Rajasthan far below. Ghee, sandalwood and other substances were applied to her body. She was placed on the wood pyre and cremated. Soon afterward, messages began to come from Didi through one of previous month, while apparently in a coma state, had been in trance, in total God-consciousness, enjoying the fulfillment of all her deep spiritual sadhanas. Didi shared detailed accounts of everything that was transpiring in the so-called "transition experience.' One message said that the sincere and deep meditations performed by so many of the Brahma Kumaris worldwide during this time had purified the womb that Didi would enter for her next birth on the 13th day. On that 13th day, rather than just deliver a message through the medium, she came fully into the body. I was there and saw this."

* "Beloved "Didi", Sivabhaktar and Co-Head of Brahma Kumaris, Passes In Bombay". Hinduism Today. Retrieved on 2007-07-22. "Sister Denise, Director of the San Francisco Center, flew right away to Mt. Abu, and shared this very intimate account of the traditional 13-day period of sacred ritual and vigil which honored Didi: "Large piles of red rose petals covered her - offered by nearly 1,500 devotees who managed the difficult ascent up Mt. Abu, braving the driving rains. After two days, we put her on a wooden litter and carried her through the city of Mt. Abu, pinnacled high above the flat plains of Rajasthan far below. Ghee, sandalwood and other substances were applied to her body. She was placed on the wood pyre and cremated. Soon afterward, messages began to come from Didi through one of previous month, while apparently in a coma state, had been in trance, in total God-consciousness, enjoying the fulfillment of all her deep spiritual sadhanas. Didi shared detailed accounts of everything that was transpiring in the so-called "transition experience.' One message said that the sincere and deep meditations performed by so many of the Brahma Kumaris worldwide during this time had purified the womb that Didi would enter for her next birth on the 13th day. On that 13th day, rather than just deliver a message through the medium, she came fully into the body. I was there and saw this."

* P.195, Exploring New Religions, By George D Chryssides

* P.195, Exploring New Religions, By George D Chryssides

* "Orthophoniste et naturopathe, il est dénoncé comme "gourou"". Coordination des Associations & Particuliers pour la Liberté de Conscience (2000). Retrieved on 2008-01-24.

* "Orthophoniste et naturopathe, il est dénoncé comme "gourou"". Coordination des Associations & Particuliers pour la Liberté de Conscience (2000). Retrieved on 2008-01-24.

* Licenciements dans une crèche en Gironde pour appartenance à une secte, Agence France-Presse [1] 18 Juin 2003 [2]

* Licenciements dans une crèche en Gironde pour appartenance à une secte, Agence France-Presse [1] 18 Juin 2003 [2]

* a b "Race for Raisina: Shekhawat vs Patil". IBN. Retrieved on 2007-07-22. "Dadiji ke shareer mein Baba aye ... Maine unse baat ki ("Baba entered Dadi's body and he communicated to me through her")"

* "Race for Raisina: Shekhawat vs Patil". IBN. Retrieved on 2007-07-22. "Dadiji ke shareer mein Baba aye ... Maine unse baat ki ("Baba entered Dadi's body and he communicated to me through her")"

* "Patil kicks up another row". IBN. Retrieved on 2007-07-22.

* "Patil kicks up another row". IBN. Retrieved on 2007-07-22.

* "Battle for the palace". The Pioneer. Retrieved on 2007-07-22.

* "Battle for the palace". The Pioneer. Retrieved on 2007-07-22.

* "Dadi Hirdaya Mohini- Joint Administrative Head". BKWSU. Retrieved on 2007-07-28.

* "Dadi Hirdaya Mohini- Joint Administrative Head". BKWSU. Retrieved on 2007-07-28.

* Walliss, John (2002). The Brahma Kumaris As a Reflexive Tradition: Responding to Late Modernity, Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0754609513. "Another rendition of the University's Millenarianism [is] put forward by a group named the Advance Party. This group is made up of predominantly disaffected ex-members of the University and are highly critical of what they allege to be the increasing worldliness and corruptness of the University's hierarchy. The University, they claim on their website, has become a true Ravan Rajya (Kingdom of Devil) where pomp and show and grandeur are given preference over true godly knowledge. At a deeper level, the Advance Party's critique is aimed at the BK theodicy and the manner in which they allege its millenarianism has been understood.".

* Walliss, John (2002). The Brahma Kumaris As a Reflexive Tradition: Responding to Late Modernity, Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0754609513. "Another rendition of the University's Millenarianism [is] put forward by a group named the Advance Party. This group is made up of predominantly disaffected ex-members of the University and are highly critical of what they allege to be the increasing worldliness and corruptness of the University's hierarchy. The University, they claim on their website, has become a true Ravan Rajya (Kingdom of Devil) where pomp and show and grandeur are given preference over true godly knowledge. At a deeper level, the Advance Party's critique is aimed at the BK theodicy and the manner in which they allege its millenarianism has been understood.".