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| caption =

| birth_name = Jagadish Vasudev

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| birth_date = ~~{{Birth date and age|~~1957~~|09|03|df=yes}}~~

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| birth_date = 3 September 1957

| birth_place = [[Mysore]], [[Mysore State]],  India

| death_date =

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| notable_works = {{ubl|Inner Engineering|Dhyanalinga|Rally for Rivers|Linga Bhairavi|Adiyogi: The Source of Yoga|Mystic's Musings|Cauvery Calling}}

| alma mater = [[University of Mysore]] ([[Bachelor of arts|BA]])

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| ~~website~~ = ~~{{url|~~isha.sadhguru.org}}

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| contact = [https://isha.sadhguru.org/ Official website]

}}

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===Isha Foundation===

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~~{{Main|Isha Foundation}}~~

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In 1992, Vasudev established the [[Isha Foundation]], an organisation headquartered near the city of [[Coimbatore]],<ref name="berghella-69">{{harvnb|Berghella|2018|p=69}}</ref> as a platform for his spiritual, environmental, and educational activities.<ref name="most-powerful-indians">{{cite web|date=9 March 2009|title=The most powerful Indians in 2009: 80–84|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-most-powerful-indians-in-2009-8084/432810/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128080021/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-most-powerful-indians-in-2009-8084/432810/|archive-date=28 January 2011|access-date=22 January 2020|work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-04 |title=After Gujarat, Rajasthan govt inks MoU with Sadhguru's Isha Outreach to 'save soil' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/sadhguru-save-soil-mou-rajasthan-isha-outreach-7952635/ |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |others=Special Correspondent |date=2022-03-16 |title=Isha hails government's announcement on rejuvenation of 13 rivers |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/isha-hails-governments-announcement-on-rejuvenation-of-13-rivers/article65230418.ece |access-date=2022-07-25 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He remains its head until now. The organisation offers yoga programmes under the name "Isha Yoga" and is run "almost entirely" by volunteers.<ref name="guin">[http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/08/stories/2010060850280200.htm Award for Project Green Hands] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521084525/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/08/stories/2010060850280200.htm |date=2011-05-21 }}, ''[[The Hindu]]'', 8 June 2010, retrieved on 8 June 2010</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/09/12/stories/2007091250720200.htm |title='Special Consultative Status' for Isha Foundation |date=12 September 2007 |access-date=23 January 2011 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108180106/http://www.hindu.com/2007/09/12/stories/2007091250720200.htm |archive-date=8 November 2012 }}</ref> The foundation aims to improve the quality of education in rural India through an initiative called Isha Vidhya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edtech firm BYJU's partners with NGO Isha Vidhya to educate children in rural areas |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/edugraph/news/edtech-firm-byjus-partners-with-ngo-isha-vidhya-to-educate-children-in-rural-areas/cid/1856909 |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> It has also launched projects and campaigns focused on environmental conservation and protection, including Project GreenHands, Rally for Rivers, Cauvery Calling, and Save Soil.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-05-21 |title=Award for Project Green Hands |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521084525/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/08/stories/2010060850280200.htm |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |last3= |first3= |date=September 15, 2017 |title=Isha Yoga launches 'Rally for Rivers' campaign in city |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/isha-yoga-launches-rally-for-rivers-campaign-in-city/articleshow/59519542.cms |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |others= |date=2022-01-29 |title=Cauvery Calling Movement plants 2.1 crore trees |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/cauvery-calling-movement-plants-21-crore-trees/article38346718.ece |access-date=2022-07-25 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2022-03-19 |title=Indian mystic Sadhguru on 100-day motorbike mission to save soil |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/mar/19/indian-mystic-sadhgurus-19000-mile-trip-to-save-soil-aoe |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Vasudev recently completed a journey on his motorbike from London to India to raise awareness about the Save Soil campaign.<ref name=":4" />

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In 1992, Vasudev established the [[Isha Foundation]], an organisation headquartered near the city of [[Coimbatore]],<ref name="berghella-69">{{harvnb|Berghella|2018|p=69}}</ref> as a platform for his spiritual, environmental, and educational activities.<ref name="most-powerful-indians">{{cite web|date=9 March 2009|title=The most powerful Indians in 2009: 80–84|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-most-powerful-indians-in-2009-8084/432810/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128080021/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/the-most-powerful-indians-in-2009-8084/432810/|archive-date=28 January 2011|access-date=22 January 2020|work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-04 |title=After Gujarat, Rajasthan govt inks MoU with Sadhguru's Isha Outreach to 'save soil' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/sadhguru-save-soil-mou-rajasthan-isha-outreach-7952635/ |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |others=Special Correspondent |date=2022-03-16 |title=Isha hails government's announcement on rejuvenation of 13 rivers |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/isha-hails-governments-announcement-on-rejuvenation-of-13-rivers/article65230418.ece |access-date=2022-07-25 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He remains its head until now. The organisation offers yoga programmes under the name "Isha Yoga" and is run "almost entirely" by volunteers.<ref name="guin">[http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/08/stories/2010060850280200.htm Award for Project Green Hands] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521084525/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/08/stories/2010060850280200.htm |date=2011-05-21 }}, ''[[The Hindu]]'', 8 June 2010, retrieved on 8 June 2010</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/09/12/stories/2007091250720200.htm |title='Special Consultative Status' for Isha Foundation |date=12 September 2007 |access-date=23 January 2011 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108180106/http://www.hindu.com/2007/09/12/stories/2007091250720200.htm |archive-date=8 November 2012 }}</ref> The foundation aims to improve the quality of education in rural India through an initiative called Isha Vidhya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edtech firm BYJU's partners with NGO Isha Vidhya to educate children in rural areas |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/edugraph/news/edtech-firm-byjus-partners-with-ngo-isha-vidhya-to-educate-children-in-rural-areas/cid/1856909 |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> It has also launched projects and campaigns focused on environmental conservation and protection, including Project GreenHands, Rally for Rivers, Cauvery Calling, and Save Soil.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-05-21 |title=Award for Project Green Hands |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521084525/http://www.hindu.com/2010/06/08/stories/2010060850280200.htm |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |last3= |first3= |date=September 15, 2017 |title=Isha Yoga launches 'Rally for Rivers' campaign in city |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/isha-yoga-launches-rally-for-rivers-campaign-in-city/articleshow/59519542.cms |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |others= |date=2022-01-29 |title=Cauvery Calling Movement plants 2.1 crore trees |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/cauvery-calling-movement-plants-21-crore-trees/article38346718.ece |access-date=2022-07-25 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2022-03-19 |title=Indian mystic Sadhguru on 100-day motorbike mission to save soil |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/mar/19/indian-mystic-sadhgurus-19000-mile-trip-to-save-soil-aoe |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Vasudev recently completed a journey on his motorbike from London to India to raise awareness about the Save Soil campaign.<ref name=":4" />

===Speeches and writings===

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==Honours and awards==

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[[File:The President, Shri Pranab Mukherjee presenting the Padma Vibhushan Award to Sadhguru Jagadish Vasudev, at the Civil Investiture Ceremony, at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on April 13, 2017.jpg|thumb|[[Pranab Mukherjee]] presenting the [[Padma Vibhushan]] to Vasudev at the [[Rashtrapati Bhavan]] in New Delhi on 13 April 2017.]]

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Vasudev received the [[Padma Vibhushan]], the second-highest [[civilian award]] from the [[Government of India]], in 2017 in recognition of his contribution to the field of spirituality.<ref name="padma">{{Cite news|date=26 January 2017|title=Jaggi Vasudev, Mariyappan among Padma award winners|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Sadhguru-Jaggi-Vasudev-Mariyappan-among-Padma-award-winners/article17095664.ece|access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=26 January 2017|title=Padma Vibhushan award for Sharad Pawar and Jaggi Vasudev|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/260117/sharad-pawar-sadhguru-jaggi-vasudev-awarded-with-padma-vibhushan.html|access-date=31 October 2018|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en}}</ref> He stood 92nd in ''[[The Indian Express]]''{{'}} list of 100 most powerful Indians in 2012 and 40th in ''[[India Today]]''{{'}}s list of 50 most powerful Indians in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The most powerful Indians in 2012: No. 91-100 - Indian Express|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/the-most-powerful-indians-in-2012-no.-91100/916140/1|access-date=2020-01-27|website=archive.indianexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author1=MG Arun|author2=Shwweta Punj|author3=Suhani Singh|author4=Kaushik Deka|author5=Prachi Bhuchar|author6=Chinki Sinha|author7=Anshuman Tiwari|author8=Sandeep Unnithan|author9=Amarnath K. Menon|date=26 July 2019|title=Top 50 power people {{!}} The High & Mighty Part-4|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20190805-top-50-power-people-the-high-mighty-part-4-1573244-2019-07-26|access-date=2020-03-13|website=India Today|language=en|author11=Uday Mahurkar|author10=Anilesh S. Mahajan}}</ref>

==Reception==

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Vasudev has received attention from celebrities, political leaders, intergovernmental organizations, and members of the public interested in his social and environmental campaigns and spiritual teachings.<ref name=":0" /> He has engaged with the [[United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification]] to advocate for the Save Soil campaign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-05 |title='Save Soil' campaign: Sadhguru to address leaders from 195 nations at UNCCD |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/sadhguru-speech-global-leaders-unccd-save-soil-7902821/ |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Save Soil campaign comes to Bonn |url=https://www.unccd.int/news-stories/multimedia/save-soil-campaign-comes-bonn |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=UNCCD |language=en}}</ref> [[Trevor Noah]] hosted Vasudev on ''[[The Daily Show]]'' to discuss Save Soil, and similarly, [[Joe Rogan]] has spoken with Vasudev on his podcast.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":0" /> On [[World Environment Day]], Indian prime minister, [[Narendra Modi]], attended an event with Vasudev to discuss efforts to improve soil health.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2022-06-05 |title=PM Modi calls for protection of soil health |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/pm-modi-jaggi-vasudev-discuss-soil-conservation/article65496798.ece |access-date=2022-08-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

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Vasudev has received attention from celebrities, political leaders, intergovernmental organizations, and members of the public interested in his social and environmental campaigns and spiritual teachings.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Paul |first=Sonia |date=2022-07-18 |title=Sadhguru, the spiritual leader with ties to Will Smith and Modi, explained |url=https://www.vox.com/23206916/sadhguru-explained-save-the-soil-modi |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=Vox |language=en}}</ref> He has engaged with the [[United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification]] to advocate for the Save Soil campaign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-05 |title='Save Soil' campaign: Sadhguru to address leaders from 195 nations at UNCCD |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/sadhguru-speech-global-leaders-unccd-save-soil-7902821/ |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Save Soil campaign comes to Bonn |url=https://www.unccd.int/news-stories/multimedia/save-soil-campaign-comes-bonn |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=UNCCD |language=en}}</ref> [[Trevor Noah]] hosted Vasudev on ''[[The Daily Show]]'' to discuss Save Soil, and similarly, [[Joe Rogan]] has spoken with Vasudev on his podcast.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":0" /> On [[World Environment Day]], Indian prime minister, [[Narendra Modi]], attended an event with Vasudev to discuss efforts to improve soil health.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2022-06-05 |title=PM Modi calls for protection of soil health |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/pm-modi-jaggi-vasudev-discuss-soil-conservation/article65496798.ece |access-date=2022-08-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

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Some critics have said that Jaggi Vasudev shares the ideology of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]'s Hindu nationalism ([[Hindutva]]),<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Why Hindutva Nationalists Need a Sadhguru|url=https://thewire.in/politics/why-hindutva-nationalists-need-a-sadhguru|access-date=2020-01-02|website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Poruthiyil|first=Prabhir Vishnu|date=2019-08-03|title=Big Business and Fascism: A Dangerous Collusion|journal=Journal of Business Ethics|volume=168|pages=121–135|doi=10.1007/s10551-019-04259-9|issn=1573-0697|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gopalakrishnan|first=Shankar|date=2006|title=Defining, Constructing and Policing a 'New India': Relationship between Neoliberalism and Hindutva|url=https://www.epw.in/journal/2006/26/special-articles/defining-constructing-and-policing-new-india.html|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=41|issue=26|pages=2803–2813|issn=0012-9976|jstor=4418408}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Waghmore|first=Qudsiya Contractor & Suryakant|title=How Jaggi Vasudev has helped strengthen fears about Muslims|url=https://scroll.in/article/948963/how-jaggi-vasudev-has-helped-strengthen-fears-about-muslims|access-date=2020-01-13|website=Scroll.in}}</ref> and that he takes an "intolerant nationalist" stance in his media appearances.<ref name=":6" /> He advocates for a total ban on [[Cattle slaughter in India|cow slaughter]] and characterises the era of [[Islamic rulers in the Indian subcontinent|Muslim Rule in India]] as an "oppressive occupation" that was far worse than the [[British Raj]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2022}} Vasudev has also spoken in favour of the [[2019 Balakot airstrike]], the [[One Hundred and First Amendment of the Constitution of India|introduction of a comprehensive GST]], and the [[Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019]], while denouncing the [[Thoothukudi massacre|Thoothukudi protests]] as a peril to industry.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-31|title=Jaggi Vasudev's CAA Video: 22 Minutes of Half-Truths & Gaslighting|url=https://www.thequint.com/voices/opinion/sadhguru-caa-video-misleading-on-nrc-protesters-gaslighting-attempt|access-date=2020-01-03|website=The Quint}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=An (Un)Enlightened Sadhguru in King Modi's Court|url=https://thewire.in/politics/an-unenlightened-sadhguru-in-king-modis-court|access-date=2020-01-03|website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Scroll Staff|title=Watch: Jaggi Vasudev wants students to read CAA before protesting, but hasn't read it himself|url=https://scroll.in/video/948364/watch-jaggi-vasudev-wants-students-to-read-caa-before-protesting-but-hasnt-read-it-himself|access-date=2020-01-03|website=Scroll.in}}</ref> Vasudev accuses leftist liberals of aiding and abetting [[Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir|militancy in Kashmir]] and has suggested that [[Kanhaiya Kumar]] and [[Umar Khalid]], known for their involvement in the [[JNU sedition row]], should be put behind bars.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Basu|first=Joyeeta|date=2019-03-05|title=Fuelling peace with hatred|url=http://www.asianage.com/life/more-features/040319/fuelling-peace-with-hatred.html|access-date=2020-01-02|website=The Asian Age}}</ref> Critics have questioned the non-political label that he has assigned himself.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Paul |first=Sonia |date=2022-07-18 |title=Sadhguru, the spiritual leader with ties to Will Smith and Modi, explained |url=https://www.vox.com/23206916/sadhguru-explained-save-the-soil-modi |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=Vox |language=en}}</ref>

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Some Indian environmental activists have accused Vasudev of [[greenwashing]].<ref name="Vice" >{{cite web |last1=Pundir |first1=Pallavi |title=This Climate Guru Is a Celebrity in the US. In India, He's Accused of Destroying a Forest. |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/xgy8bw/climate-yoga-celebrity-sadhguru-india-will-smith-trevor-noah |website=vice.com |access-date=3 July 2022}}</ref>

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Vasudev has also been accused of promoting [[pseudoscience]] and misrepresenting science.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2018-09-17|title=Should Sadhguru be Hosted by India's Top Colleges?|url=https://www.thequint.com/voices/opinion/sadhguru-indian-mystics-deliver-lectures-top-colleges-india|access-date=2019-12-31|website=The Quint}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Shahane|first=Girish|date=20 June 2019|title=Opinion: The disturbing irrationalism of Jaggi Vasudev|url=https://scroll.in/article/927625/opinion-the-disturbing-irrationalism-of-jaggi-vasudev|access-date=2019-12-31|website=Scroll.in}}</ref> He propagates the claim, unsupported by science, that cooked food consumed during a [[lunar eclipse]] depletes the human body's [[prana|pranic energies]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Tharoor|first=Shashi|title=Science is not your enemy|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/features/politics/science-is-not-your-enemy-science-hinduism-1.2653600|access-date=2020-01-01|website=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> He also perpetuates numerous myths regarding [[Major depressive disorder|clinical depression]] and opposes the potential prohibition on the use of [[Mercury (element)|mercury]] in traditional Indian medicine, despite the substance's extreme toxicity.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shaikh|first=Dr Sumaiya|date=2018-02-26|title=Scientific research ascertains mercury toxicity but Sadhguru continues to endorse it for Indian traditional medicines|url=https://www.altnews.in/scientific-research-ascertains-mercury-toxicity-sadhguru-continues-endorse-indian-traditional-medicines/|access-date=2019-12-31|website=Alt News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Shaikh|first=Dr Sumaiya|date=2018-08-19|title=Depression: The myths & falseness of Sadhguru's quotes|url=https://www.altnews.in/depression-the-myths-falseness-of-sadhgurus-quotes/|access-date=2019-12-31|website=Alt News}}</ref> His views on the [[Higgs boson]] and alleged benefits of [[vibhuti]] have been rejected as unproven by science.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-11-25|title=Vibhuti & Rudraksha Mahatmayam: A Wellness Guide from Times of India!|url=http://nirmukta.com/2008/11/25/vibhuti-rudraksha-mahatmayam-a-wellness-guide-from-times-of-india/|access-date=2019-12-31|website=Nirmukta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Sharma|first=Sanjukta|date=2018-08-18|title='It's a battle for the survival of scientific research'|work=Live Mint|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/ESRnWFGSsiAL7muro7GGmK/Its-a-battle-for-the-survival-of-scientific-research.html|access-date=2019-12-31}}</ref>

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Vasudev has repeatedly claimed to be able to solidify mercury at room temperature; these claims have been debunked.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Surita |first1=Shabnam |title=India: Doubts emerge over spiritual Yogi's environmental mission |url=https://www.dw.com/en/india-doubts-emerge-over-spiritual-yogis-environmental-mission/a-61290189 |website=dw.com |publisher=DW |access-date=4 July 2022}}</ref>

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~~==Notes==~~

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~~{{notelist}}~~

==References==

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~~==Bibliography==~~

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* {{citation| isbn = 978-0-578-20085-9| last = Berghella| first = Vincenzo| title = Chennai and Coimbatore, India| date = 2018}}

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* {{Citation| publisher = SAGE| isbn = 978-1-5264-1437-3| last1 = Hudson| first1 = Simon| last2 = Hudson| first2 = Louise| title = Marketing for Tourism, Hospitality & Events: A Global & Digital Approach| location = London, etc.| date = 2017}}

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* {{citation |last1=Simone |first1=Cheryl |last2=Vasudev |first2=Sadhguru Jaggi |title=Midnights with the Mystic: A Little Guide to Freedom and Bliss |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iWvCxQvsZLgC |year=2008 |publisher=Hampton Roads Publishing |isbn=978-1-61283-113-8}}

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* {{citation |first=Joanne Punzo |last=Waghorne |chapter=Engineering an Artful Practice: On Jaggi Vasudev's Isha Yoga and Sri Sri Ravi Shankar's Art of Living |editor1=Mark Singleton |editor2=Ellen Goldberg |title=Gurus of Modern Yoga |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-cyOAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA283 |year=2013 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-993872-8 |pages=283–307}}

==External links==

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~~{{Sister project links|voy=no|wikt=no|n=no|species=no|mw=no|m=no|v=no|s=no|b=no}}~~

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* [https://isha.sadhguru.org/ Official website]

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* ~~{{official|~~isha.sadhguru.org}}

* [http://ishafoundation.org Isha Foundation's official website]

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~~{{Modern yoga gurus}}~~

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~~{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}~~

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~~{{Portal bar|Biography}}~~

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~~{{Authority control}}~~

Testudine

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Revision as of 20:44, 17 August 2022