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'''Net income''' is equal to the [[income]] that a firm has after subtracting costs and [[expense]]s from the total [[revenue]]. Expenses will typically include [[tax expense]]. For a [[merchandising]] [[company]], subtracted costs may be the cost of goods sold, sales discounts, and sales returns and allowances. For a product company [[advertising]], [[manufacturing]], and design and development costs are included.
Net income is sometimes called the '''bottom line''' because it is typically found on the last line of a company's [[income statement]].
An equation for net income in merchandising:
:<blockquote>Net income or Net loss = Revenue - Cost of goods sold - Sales discounts - Sales returns and allowances - Expenses = Profit</blockquote>
Another term that is closely related to this is top line. As the Total Revenue forms the first line of the account statement, it is often called top line.