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Korcula Dialect (view source)

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[[File:250px-Croatia-Dalmatia-1.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Dalmatia (the dark purple) within todays modern [[Croatia]] The island of Korcula is marked red.]]

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'''Korcula dialect''' (or Korčulanski) <ref>The č is pronounced ''ch''.</ref> is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula.The island of Korčula lies just off the Dalmatian coast in [[Croatia]].<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> The language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian <ref>'''Editors note''': Recent DNA studies have stated that more than three quarters of today's Croatian men are the descendants of Europeans who inhabited Europe 13 000-20 000 years ago. The first primary source (factual-that its authenticity isn't disputed) to mention the Croatian-Hrvat identity in the Balkans was '''Duke Branimir''' (Latin:'' "Branimiro comite dux cruatorum cogitavit"'' c. 880 AD). Branimir was a Slav from Dalmatia. Hrvat or ''Horoúathos'' are names of '''Sarmatian''' origins. In 1853 a Russian archaeologist ''Pavel Mikhailovich Leontjev'' discovered the Tanais Tablets. The Tanais Tablets mention three men: Horoúathos, Horoáthos, and Horóathos (Χορούαθ[ος], Χοροάθος, Χορόαθος). They are written in [[Greece|Greek]] and are from the 3rd century AD from the city of Tanais, today's Azov, Russia. At that time the region had a mixed Greek - Sarmatian population. The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550) in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in Latin it was written Sclaveni~~. Slavic tribes invaded the region of''' Roman Dalmatia''' in the early Middle Ages. Prior to the arrival of the Slavs, Roman Dalmatia was mainly inhabited by a '''Roman Latin-Illyrian''' population~~.</ref> (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan

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'''Korcula dialect''' (or Korčulanski) <ref>The č is pronounced ''ch''.</ref> is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula.The island of Korčula lies just off the Dalmatian coast in [[Croatia]].<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> The language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian <ref>'''Editors note''': Slavic tribes invaded the region of''' Roman Dalmatia''' in the early Middle Ages. Prior to the arrival of the Slavs, Roman Dalmatia was mainly inhabited by a '''Roman Latin-Illyrian''' population. Recent DNA studies have stated that more than three quarters of today's Croatian men are the descendants of Europeans who inhabited Europe 13 000-20 000 years ago (prior to the arrival of the Slavs). The first primary source (factual-that its authenticity isn't disputed) to mention the Croatian-Hrvat identity in the Balkans was '''Duke Branimir''' (Latin:'' "Branimiro comite dux cruatorum cogitavit"'' c. 880 AD). Branimir was a Slav from Dalmatia. Hrvat or ''Horoúathos'' are names of '''Sarmatian''' origins. In 1853 a Russian archaeologist ''Pavel Mikhailovich Leontjev'' discovered the Tanais Tablets. The Tanais Tablets mention three men: Horoúathos, Horoáthos, and Horóathos (Χορούαθ[ος], Χοροάθος, Χορόαθος). They are written in [[Greece|Greek]] and are from the 3rd century AD from the city of Tanais, today's Azov, Russia. At that time the region had a mixed Greek - Sarmatian population. The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550) in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in Latin it was written Sclaveni.</ref> (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan

* "However, the clashes between the Ottoman Empire and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699). The newcomers were given land and awarded special privileges “The Paštrović Privileges”."</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct [[Latin]] Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been sometimes referred to as Corzulot.

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Examples of '''Corzulot''' words compared with Vegliot, English and Croatian:

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(Corzulot - Vegliot- English - Croatian)<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalmatian_language#Corzulot_Dialect Wikipedia: Dalmatian language]</ref>

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Corzulot - Vegliot (Dalmatian) - English - Croatian <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalmatian_language#Corzulot_Dialect Wikipedia: Dalmatian language]</ref>

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* ~~bužam~~- bus- hole - rupa

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* buža - bus - hole - rupa

* čimitir - čimitier (chimitier) - graveyard - groblje

* dent - diant - teeth - zubi

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==Additional examples of words from the Korcula dialect of Croatia ==

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(Korčula dialect-'''English'''-Croatian)

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(Korčula dialect -'''English''' - Croatian)

* adio - goodbye - doviđenja

* afitat - rent ('''Venetian''':afìt)

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* aimemeni - poor me, oh dear

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* aimemeni - poor me ''or'' oh dear

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* alavia - done properly ''or'' it's Ok! /u redu

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* alavia - done properly ''or'' it's Ok! - u redu

* apoteka - pharmacy (Venetian: apoteca)

* arbol - ship's mast (In Venetian it means ''tree'')

* aria - air - zdrak (Venetian: aria)

* arma - armed (Venetian: arma)

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* avižat <ref>The ž is is pronounced ''zh''.</ref>/ to arrive

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* avižat <ref>The ž is is pronounced ''zh''.</ref>- to arrive - došao

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* baleta - bullet/ metak (Venetian: bal)

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* baleta - bullet - metak (Venetian: bal)

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* banda - side/ strana (In Venetian it means ''side & flank'')

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* banda - side - strana (In Venetian it means ''side & flank'')

* balun - football (Venetian: balón)

* banak - bench (Venetian: banca) <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Jz2V1LL2u1YC&pg=PA19&dq=Bench+seat++in+Venetian&hl=en&ei=DSEbTb--Komlcb6vlLMK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Venetian-English English-Venetian:] When in Venice Do as the Venetians ''by'' Lodovico Pizzati (p19)</ref>

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* fuga - gap (Latin: flight, escape)

* fumar - chimney (Venetian: fuma-smoke)

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* fumati - smoking/pušiti

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* fumati - smoking - pušiti

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* ~~Furešti~~ - foreigner/ stranac

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* furešti - foreigner - stranac

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* gira - A fish from [[Croatia]].

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* gira - a fish from [[Croatia]].

* griža - very hard stone

* gundula - type of boat

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* '''klapa'''- an a cappella form of music <ref>The traditional '''Klapa''' was composed of up to a dozen male singers (in recent times there are ''female'' Klape groups). Klapa singing dates back centuries. The arrival of the Slavic-Croatians to Dalmatia and their subsequent settlement in the area, began the process of the cultural mixing of Slavic culture with that of the traditions of the Roman population of Dalmatia. This process was most evident in the coastal and island regions of Dalmatia. In the 19th century a standard form of Klapa singing emerged. Church music heavily influences the arrangements of this music giving it the musical form that exists today.</ref> (Venetian:clapa ''"singing crowd"'')

* koltrine - curtains

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* kontra - against/protiv (Latin: contra)

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* kontra - against - protiv (Latin: contra)

* kora - hammer

* kormilo - rudder

* kužin - cousin - rođak (Venetian: cuxìn)

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* lacun - bed-sheets

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* lacun - bed sheets

* lapis - pencil - olovka (Venetian: apis)

* lavadin - washbasin (Venetian: lavandin)

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* maistral - local wind

* makina - machine

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* '''Malandrin'''- Local nickname. In Venetian it means: ''dishonest & crook''

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* '''Malandrin'''- Local nickname. In Venetian it means: ''dishonest or crook''

* mat - mother - majka

* Maragun - wood worker (Venetian: Marangòn)

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* pistun - piston (Venetian: piston)

* pitura - paint (Venetian: pitura-painting)

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* '''Poć na ribe.'''- going fishing - ići na ribanje

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* '''Poć na ribe''' - going fishing - ići na ribanje

* postoli - shoes - cipele

* postelja - bed

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* skula - school - škola

* soldi - money - novac (Latin: solidus)

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* ~~sot~~ - underneath - ispod (Venetian: sot ''or'' soto)

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* soto - underneath - ispod (Venetian: sot ''or'' soto)

* šestan - attractive or good looking (Venetian:sesto-grace, well mannered)

* šija - reverse - natrag

* šiloko - local wind (Venetian: siròco)

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* škoj - island- otok

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* škoj - island - otok

* škver - shipyard - brodgradilište

* špirit - spirit

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* šugaman - beach towel

* tata - father- otac

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* torta - a type of cake (Venetian: torta~~-cake~~)

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* torta - a type of cake (Venetian: torta)

* tavajol - tablecloth (Venetian: toaja)

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* terpeza - table- stol

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* terpeza - table - stol

* ura - hour - jedan sat

* vapor - ferry - trajekt (Venetian: Bapor meaning ''steamship'')

Peter Z.

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