Changes

Directory:Josip Broz Tito (view source)

Revision as of 04:10, 19 September 2010

106 bytes added , 04:10, 19 September 2010

move

Line 29: Line 29:

</ref>}}

The [[Titoism and Totalitarianism#Goli Otok|Goli Otok]] (Barren Island), a notorious prison on the Croatian coast, (former Yugoslavia’s Evil Island-Gulag) is where the regime imprisoned their enemies. They included mainly ''alleged'' enemies of the communist state, other Communist Party members, regular citizens accused of exhibiting any democratic, anti-communist behaviour and Stalinists. It is estimated over 100 000 people where arrested on false allegations and imprisoned. Family members were told that they went on a business trip. Other camps that were used by the regime are KPH Zenica, Stare Gradiska and Sveti Grgur.

−

*Information from European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" <ref>[http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"] Reports and proceedings of the 8th of April European public hearing on “Crimes committed by totalitarian regimes” organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the European Commission.

+

== Second Yugoslavia ==

+

Tito's greatest strength was acquiring money from the West. This made it possible for the creation of the "second Yugoslavia", a socialist, communist federation that lasted from 1945 until 1991. The West wanted to give support to Yugoslavia in opposition to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. More money was given to Yugoslavia during the Cold war years than to Africa.

+

*Information from 'Keeping Tito Afloat' by Lorraine M. Lees:

+

{{Cquote|''After World War Two, the [[United States]] considered Yugoslavia to be a loyal Soviet satellite, but Tito surprised the West in 1948 by breaking with Stalin. Seizing this opportunity, the Truman administration sought to "keep Tito afloat" by giving him military and economic aid.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=MO0brh8EgdcC&pg=PR16&dq=Keeping+Tito+Afloat:+The+United+States,+Yugoslavia,+and+the+Cold+War+loans&hl=en&ei=0VB2TPu3GMWrcYbigY8G&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=loans&f=false|title=Keeping Keeping Tito Afloat}} by Lorraine M. Lees

+

*"Keeping Tito Afloat draws upon newly '''declassified''' documents to show the critical role that Yugoslavia played in [[United States|U.S. foreign]] policy with the communist world in the early years of the Cold War."</ref>}}

+

Josip Broz was a backer of independent roads to socialism. As such, he supported the policy of non-alignment between the two hostile blocs in the Cold War. Such successful diplomacy allowed Tito to preside over the Yugoslav economic boom and the expansion of the 1960s and 70s however, it was all a short-term solution.<ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica'''-History & Society: Josip Broz Tito

+

*"He promoted self-management but never gave up on the party’s monopoly of power. He permitted broad freedoms in science, art, and culture that were unheard of in the Soviet bloc, but he kept excoriating the West. He preached peaceful coexistence but built an army that, in 1991, delivered the coup de grace to the dying Yugoslav state. At his death, the '''state treasury''' was '''empty''' and political opportunists unchecked." </ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/yugoslavia_03.shtml|title=BBC-History by Tim Judah|}}</ref> <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=pSxJdE4MYo4C&pg=PA187&dq=Ivo+Goldstein++Tito&hl=en&ei=ighBTLC6M8Srcb_9uaQP&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=the%20economic%20failure%20of%20Tito’s%20system&f=false Croatia: A History] by Ivo Goldstein</ref> His presidency and leadership were authoritarian and ''Dictatorial'' while his internal policies included the suppression of nationalist sentiment. He and the Communist Party of Yugoslavia promoted the "brotherhood and unity" of the six Yugoslav nations which was achieved by Communist Dictatorship policies (and propaganda).

+

*Information on some of Tito's policies from European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes" <ref>[http://www.mp.gov.si/fileadmin/mp.gov.si/pageuploads/2005/PDF/publikacije/Crimes_committed_by_Totalitarian_Regimes.pdf European Public Hearing on “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes"] Reports and proceedings of the 8th of April European public hearing on “Crimes committed by totalitarian regimes” organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the European Commission.

'''Page 197'''. Joze Dezman:

COMMUNIST REPRESSION AND TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE IN SLOVENIA

Line 57: Line 68:

{{Cquote|''I am told that Tito murdered more than 400 000 of the opposition in Yugoslavia before he got himself established there as a dictator.''<ref>{{citeweb|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-Xkv7ym8hDYC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Keeping+Tito+Afloat:+The+United+States,+Yugoslavia,+and+the+Cold+War&client=safari&cd=1#v=snippet&q=%20tito%20trade%20papers%20four%20hundred%20thousand&f=false|title=Keeping Tito Afloat|}}by Lorraine M. Lees.(p47)</ref><ref>{{citeweb|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=SekQBzQMteEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=josip+broz+Tito++harry+truman&source=gbs_book_other_versions#v=snippet&q=Tito%20&f=falsee|title= Woodrow Wilson and Harry Truman: Mission and Power in American Foreign Policy|}}by Anne R. Pierce. (p219)</ref>}}

−

* '''Christopher Bennett''' <ref>'''Christopher Bennett''': A British journalist who has the good fortune to speak both Slovenian, Croatian and Serbian, a skill that has enabled him to draw heavily on literature of the region that would be unavailable to most American or British journalists.</ref> on Tito's ~~activity~~ in the 1930's:

+

* '''Christopher Bennett''' <ref>'''Christopher Bennett''': "A British journalist who has the good fortune to speak both Slovenian, Croatian and Serbian, a skill that has enabled him to draw heavily on literature of the region that would be unavailable to most American or British journalists."</ref> on Tito's activities in the 1930's:

−

{{Cquote|''Foreign communists were far from immune to the purges and most leading Yugoslav communists perished in these years. However, the purges gave Tito his break and catapulted him to the top of the Yugoslav Communist Party in 1937. Only the most committed Stalinist could have prospered in the 1930’s in the way Tito did.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FeiKg3TuNl0C&pg=PA57&dq=titoism&client=safari&cd=9#v=onepage&q=cpy&f=false|title=Yugoslavia's Bloody Collapse: Causes, Course and Consequences|}}by Christopher Bennett. (p57)~~.</ref>}}~~

+

{{Cquote|''Foreign communists were far from immune to the purges and most leading Yugoslav communists perished in these years. However, the purges gave Tito his break and catapulted him to the top of the Yugoslav Communist Party in 1937. Only the most committed Stalinist could have prospered in the 1930’s in the way Tito did.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FeiKg3TuNl0C&pg=PA57&dq=titoism&client=safari&cd=9#v=onepage&q=cpy&f=false|title=Yugoslavia's Bloody Collapse: Causes, Course and Consequences|}}by Christopher Bennett. (p57)</ref>}}

−

~~== Second Yugoslavia ==~~

−

Tito's greatest strength was acquiring money from the West. This made it possible for the creation of the "second Yugoslavia", a socialist, communist federation that lasted from 1945 until 1991. The West wanted to give support to Yugoslavia in opposition to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. More money was given to Yugoslavia during the Cold war years than to Africa.

−

*Information from 'Keeping Tito Afloat' by Lorraine M. Lees:

−

{{Cquote|''After World War Two, the [[United States]] considered Yugoslavia to be a loyal Soviet satellite, but Tito surprised the West in 1948 by breaking with Stalin. Seizing this opportunity, the Truman administration sought to "keep Tito afloat" by giving him military and economic aid.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=MO0brh8EgdcC&pg=PR16&dq=Keeping+Tito+Afloat:+The+United+States,+Yugoslavia,+and+the+Cold+War+loans&hl=en&ei=0VB2TPu3GMWrcYbigY8G&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=loans&f=false|title=Keeping Keeping Tito Afloat}} by Lorraine M. Lees

−

*"Keeping Tito Afloat draws upon newly '''declassified''' documents to show the critical role that Yugoslavia played in [[United States|U.S. foreign]] policy with the communist world in the early years of the Cold War."</ref>}}

−

Josip Broz was a backer of independent roads to socialism. As such, he supported the policy of non-alignment between the two hostile blocs in the Cold War. Such successful diplomacy allowed Tito to preside over the Yugoslav economic boom and the expansion of the 1960s and 70s however, it was all a short-term solution.<ref>'''Encyclopaedia Britannica'''-History & Society: Josip Broz Tito

−

*"He promoted self-management but never gave up on the party’s monopoly of power. He permitted broad freedoms in science, art, and culture that were unheard of in the Soviet bloc, but he kept excoriating the West. He preached peaceful coexistence but built an army that, in 1991, delivered the coup de grace to the dying Yugoslav state. At his death, the '''state treasury''' was '''empty''' and political opportunists unchecked." </ref>~~<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/yugoslavia_03.shtml|title=BBC-History by Tim Judah|~~}}</ref> <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=pSxJdE4MYo4C&pg=PA187&dq=Ivo+Goldstein++Tito&hl=en&ei=ighBTLC6M8Srcb_9uaQP&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=the%20economic%20failure%20of%20Tito’s%20system&f=false Croatia: A History] by Ivo Goldstein</ref> His presidency and leadership were authoritarian and ''Dictatorial'' while his internal policies included the suppression of nationalist sentiment. He and the Communist Party of Yugoslavia promoted the "brotherhood and unity" of the six Yugoslav nations which was achieved by Communist Dictatorship policies (and propaganda).

== Lifestyle ==

−

As the leader of Yugoslavia, Tito maintained a lavish playboy lifestyle and kept several mansions. In Belgrade he resided in the official palace, (Beli Dvor), and maintained a separate private residence. He spent much time at his private island of Brijuni, an official residence from 1949 on, and at his palace at the Bled Lake. By 1974 Tito had 32 official residences.

+

As the leader of Yugoslavia, Tito maintained a lavish playboy lifestyle and kept several mansions. In Belgrade he resided in the official palace, (Beli Dvor), and maintained a separate private residence. He spent much time at his private island of Brijuni [http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/00220/brijuni/brijuni2.jpg (''link'')], an official residence from 1949 on, and at his palace at the Bled Lake. By 1974 Tito had 32 official residences.

According to [[Wikipedia]], Josip Broz worked for the Benz auto mobile factory in Austria and worked as a test driver for Daimler.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito#Early_life|title=Wikipedia: Josip Broz Tito}}</ref>

Line 83: Line 84:

* European Public Hearing on CRIMES COMMITTED BY TOTALITARIAN REGIMES, organised by the '''Slovenian Presidency''' of the Council of the [[European Union]] (January–June 2008) and the '''European Commission'''.

* Wikipedia: Josip Broz Tito

−

~~----~~

−

~~{{GKAnt}}~~

−

~~{{GKAdBrite}}~~

==Interviews ==

*'''Ivan Supek''' - Croatian Physicist, Philosopher, Writer, Playwright, Peace Activist Humanist & former Yugoslav Partizan. (Interview BBC 4/Tito's Ghosts)

Line 117: Line 114:

</div>

+

----

+

==External links==

* University of Zagreb [http://www.unizg.hr/homepage/ ''Link'']

Peter Z.

7,921

edits