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User talk:Peter Z./History Notes (view source)

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*'''''Firstly''''' it appears to me that the region (former Yugoslavia) has problems with interpreting multicultural and ''multiethnic'' history (& societies).

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==Island of ~~Korčula~~==

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==Island of Korcula==

''Signor Arneri" stated:

:"These three pears you see on the wall," said he, "are the arms of my family. Perussich was the name, when, in the earlier part of the fifteenth century, my ancestors built this palace; so that, you see, I am '''Dalmatian'''. All the family, fathers, sons, and brothers, used to serve in the fleets of the Republic (Republic of Venice); but the hero of our race was '''Arneri Perussich''', whose statue you see there, who fought, bled, and died at the ''Siege of Candia'', whose memory was honoured by the Republic, and whose surviving family was liberally pensioned; so his name of our race. We became Arneri, and ceased to be Perussich"<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=LUFlza-oCV0C&pg=PA164&dq=These+three+pears+you+see+on+the+wall,%22+said+he,+%22are+the+arms+of+my+family.+Perussich+was+the+name,&hl=en&ei=Q2NCTNiSCJLqvQO8y9DIDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=These%20three%20pears%20you%20see%20on%20the%20wall%2C%22%20said%20he%2C%20%22are%20the%20arms%20of%20my%20family.%20Perussich%20was%20the%20name%2C&f=false Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic:] By Andrew Archibald Paton. Chapter 4. The Dalmatian Archipelago.p164

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* Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (October 5, 1797 – October 29, 1875) was an English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist of the 19th century. He is often referred to as "the Father of British Egyptology".</ref>

''Editors notes'': Naski or Naški ''(Blato was called Blatta)''

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The local dialect is sometimes referred to as ''Naski'' or more correctly ''Naški''. The '''š''' is pronounced '''sh'''. Sir John Gardner Wilkinson a 19 century English historian referred to the Southern Dalmatian dialect as Illirskee.<ref>Illyricum was a Roman province. Named after one of the Indigenous population in the region</ref> The Korcula dialect is found in the local folk music. The local Klape groups (an a cappella form of music)<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klapa_Fa_Lindjo#Additional Wikipedia:]The traditional Klapa was composed of up to a dozen male singers (recent times their are female Klape groups). Klapa singing itself dates back centuries. The arrival of the Croatians to Dalmatia and their subsequent settlement, began the process of the cultural mixing of Slavic traditions with that of the Latin population of Dalmatia. This process was most evident in the coastal and island regions of Dalmatia.

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In the 19th century a standard form of Klapa singing emerged. Church music heavily influences the arrangements of music giving it the musical form that exists today.</ref> as well as the Croatian singer Oliver Dragojevic have used the dialect.

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* Indigenous population of Korcula were Illyrians.<ref>The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. 11 : The High Empire, AD 70-192 by Peter Rathbone</ref> It is believed that the Illyrians arrived in the Balkans approximately 1000 BC.<ref>The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes,ISBN 0631198075-1996</ref>

* Greek colony was founded on Korcula.<ref>An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen,2005,Index</ref> Greek colonists from Corcyra (Corfu) formed a small colony on the island in the 6th century B.C. The Greeks named it "Black Corfu" after their homeland and the dense pine-woods on the island.

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''Republic of Ragusa'' was set up by Latin/Illyrian families. The Republic's city, Ragusa (today called Dubrovnik) was established in the 7th century, post Slavic and Avar invasions. The refugees from Epidaurum (a Roman city) built the settlement in Dalmatia, today in southernmost modern Croatia. Over the centuries the City State-Ragusa started to have relations with the Slavic hinterland, then called Red Croatia (this term for the region ceased to be used from the 11th century onwards). Ragusa itself became an independent state in 1358.

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The Croatians (Slavs), some time in the middle ages started to be part of the Republic's population.The Croatians from the 11th century onwards were mainly called Dalmatians Slavs. The 1667 Dubrovnik earthquake,<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=vwK4jhvjHQkC&pg=PA86&dq=dubrovnik+earthquake+of+1667&client=safari&cd=1#v=onepage&q=dubrovnik%20earthquake%20of%201667&f=false Earthquake Monitoring and Seismic Hazard Mitigation in Balkan Countries] by Eystein Sverre Husebye</ref> which destroyed the greater part of Dubrovnik has been cited as a turning point for the Republic's ethnic population make up. The ~~Slavi~~ population in the Republic would have been Romanised (adopted Latin culture).

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The Croatians (Slavs), some time in the middle ages started to be part of the Republic's population.The Croatians from the 11th century onwards were mainly called Dalmatians Slavs. The 1667 Dubrovnik earthquake,<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=vwK4jhvjHQkC&pg=PA86&dq=dubrovnik+earthquake+of+1667&client=safari&cd=1#v=onepage&q=dubrovnik%20earthquake%20of%201667&f=false Earthquake Monitoring and Seismic Hazard Mitigation in Balkan Countries] by Eystein Sverre Husebye</ref> which destroyed the greater part of Dubrovnik has been cited as a turning point for the Republic's ethnic population make up. The Slavic population in the Republic would have been Romanised (adopted Latin culture).

In John Van Antwerp Fine's book ''"When Ethnicity did not Matter in the Balkans"'' the population of the Republic in the 15-century was describe as mainly Slavic. This is very plausible, (that by the 15 century) the surrounding area of the city of Dubrovnik, the Slavs would have been in the majority.<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=p3oGybOY1w4C&pg=PA141&lpg=PA141&dq=identity+in+dubrovnik&source=bl&ots=d90RrUeZKC&sig=Go7muOWSJwxT5CiJZJX8i0FaC0Q&hl=en&ei=XtlMTNnEN4eiuQOPkbS7Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=identity%20in%20dubrovnik&f=false When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans:] by John Van Antwerp Fine</ref>

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There is a theory that the actual Croatisation of the region started to happen in the 19-century, with the Republic becoming part of the [[Austria|Austro-Hungarian]] Empire (then called the Habsburg Monarchy). The second theory is that it was much earlier.

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There is a theory that the actual Croatisation (Pan-Slavism)<ref>Encyclopedia Britannica:19th-century movement that recognized a common ethnic background among the various Slav peoples of eastern and east central Europe and sought to unite those peoples for the achievement of common cultural and political goals. The Pan-Slav movement originally was formed in the first half of the 19th century by West and South Slav intellectuals, scholars, and poets, whose peoples were at that time also developing their sense of national identity. </ref>of the region started to happen in the 19-century, with the Republic becoming part of the [[Austria|Austro-Hungarian]] Empire (then called the Habsburg Monarchy). The second theory is that it was much earlier.

''Editor's notes'': It's quite possible that the Republic was for centuries a multicultural and ''multiethnic'' society! It's ruling class were of mostly of Latin decent, but not all!

Peter Z.

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