Directory talk:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula - Revision history

Peter Z.: Article transfer

2011-02-19T16:41:53Z

Article transfer

Show changes

Peter Z.: /* Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge */ spelling

2011-02-13T14:38:42Z

Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: spelling

Peter Z.: Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: Volume 8 (Great Britain) - 1837

2011-02-13T09:12:55Z

Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: Volume 8 (Great Britain) - 1837

Peter Z.: Editing Directory talk:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula

2011-02-13T07:45:57Z

Editing Directory talk:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula

Peter Z.: /* Korcula Dialect */ Wikipedia and Korčula Town-tweak

2011-02-13T07:34:37Z

Korcula Dialect: Wikipedia and Korčula Town-tweak

Peter Z.: /* Korcula Dialect */ Wikipedia and Korčula Town

2011-02-13T07:33:31Z

Korcula Dialect: Wikipedia and Korčula Town

Peter Z.: /* Korcula Dialect */

2011-02-12T09:35:15Z

Korcula Dialect

Peter Z.: /* Events */ tweak

2011-02-12T09:34:27Z

Events: tweak

Peter Z.: prep work

2011-02-12T09:32:30Z

prep work

Peter Z.: tidy

2011-02-06T08:32:25Z

tidy

@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 == Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge  ==
 (Volume 8-Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge Great Britain - 1837)
-{{Cquote|''The majority of the inhabitants are descendants of the Sclavonian hordes, who invaded these parts in the seventh century and drove out the old inhabitants.The language of the country is the Herzogovine dialect of the Sclavonian, but Italian is the prevalent tongue among the well-educated classes, and is used in the public offices and courts. The remainder of the population is composed of Italins (about 40 000) who are spread throuhg the maritime towns and sea-coats'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KKcrAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA291&dq=Italian+population+Curzola&hl=en&ei=8ZRXTbvtLoyMvQPgo-WqBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Italian%20population%20Curzola&f=false Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Volume 8] by Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (Great Britain) 1837</ref>}}.
+{{Cquote|''The majority of the inhabitants are descendants of the Sclavonian hordes, who invaded these parts in the seventh century and drove out the old inhabitants.The language of the country is the Herzogovine dialect of the Sclavonian, but Italian is the prevalent tongue among the well-educated classes, and is used in the public offices and courts. The remainder of the population is composed of Italins (about 40 000) who are spread throuhg the maritime towns and the sea coast'' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KKcrAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA291&dq=Italian+population+Curzola&hl=en&ei=8ZRXTbvtLoyMvQPgo-WqBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Italian%20population%20Curzola&f=false Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Volume 8] by Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (Great Britain) 1837</ref>}}.
 == Below by [[User:Peter Z.|Peter Z.]] ==
 * Indigenous population of Korčula were '''Illyrians'''.<ref>The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. 11 : The High Empire, AD 70-192 by Peter Rathbone</ref> It is believed that the Illyrians arrived in the Balkans approximately 1000 BC.<ref>The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes,ISBN 0631198075-1996</ref>

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 Dalmatians of Latin ancestry brought ''Mediterranean cultural'' to the Slavs. Christianity was one aspect of this. In essence Slavs-Croatians on the island were '''Romanized'''.
 ===Korcula Dialect===
 [[Korcula Dialect|Korčula Dialect]] ''(or Korčulanski)'' is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula in Croatia. According to the Croatian Anthropological Society in their Collegium Antropologicum  (Volumes 15-16) the language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&ct=result&id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&q=korcula#search_anchor Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991.Pages 312 & 318.</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. Page 311.</ref> The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been referred to as Corzulot. Additionally it has influences of Venetian:
@@ Line 45: / Line 44: @@
 * Regarding the Shokavian dialect (taken from-[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan): {{Cquote|''However, the clashes between the Ottoman Empire and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699). The newcomers were given land and awarded special privileges “The Paštrović Privileges”.'' <ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan</ref>}}
 * Wikipedia and Korčula (town): {{Cquote|''Korčula, like other islands and many coastal cities in Dalmatia, also displays a dual Latin-Slav culture which developed from the late Roman era to the emergence of the modern Croatian state. Until the late 19th century, Italians made up the vast majority of the population of Korčula town while the rest of the island was almost completely inhabited by Croatians. The island therefore possesses a distinct Adriatic or Mediterranean cultural personality which sets it apart from the mountainous Dalmatian hinterland and continental Croatia further north.'' <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korčula_(town)#Culture Wikipedia: Korcula (town)]</ref>}}
+== Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge  ==
 == Below by [[User:Peter Z.|Peter Z.]] ==
 * Indigenous population of Korčula were '''Illyrians'''.<ref>The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. 11 : The High Empire, AD 70-192 by Peter Rathbone</ref> It is believed that the Illyrians arrived in the Balkans approximately 1000 BC.<ref>The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes,ISBN 0631198075-1996</ref>
@@ Line 72: / Line 73: @@
 Korčula's old name was Curzola. The Old-Slavic term was Krkar.
 ==The identity called Naši -  meaning: The ''Us'' people ==

@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 *'''Defora''' in old Venetian means ''"from the outside"''.
 * Regarding the Shokavian dialect (taken from-[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan): {{Cquote|''However, the clashes between the Ottoman Empire and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699). The newcomers were given land and awarded special privileges “The Paštrović Privileges”.'' <ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan</ref>}}
-* Wikipedia and Korčula Town. {{Cquote|''Korčula, like other islands and many coastal cities in Dalmatia, also displays a dual Latin-Slav culture which developed from the late Roman era to the emergence of the modern Croatian state. Until the late 19th century, Italians made up the vast majority of the population of Korčula town while the rest of the island was almost completely inhabited by Croatians. The island therefore possesses a distinct Adriatic or Mediterranean cultural personality which sets it apart from the mountainous Dalmatian hinterland and continental Croatia further north.'' <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korčula_(town)#Culture Wikipedia: Korcula (town)]</ref>}}
+* Wikipedia and Korčula (town): {{Cquote|''Korčula, like other islands and many coastal cities in Dalmatia, also displays a dual Latin-Slav culture which developed from the late Roman era to the emergence of the modern Croatian state. Until the late 19th century, Italians made up the vast majority of the population of Korčula town while the rest of the island was almost completely inhabited by Croatians. The island therefore possesses a distinct Adriatic or Mediterranean cultural personality which sets it apart from the mountainous Dalmatian hinterland and continental Croatia further north.'' <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korčula_(town)#Culture Wikipedia: Korcula (town)]</ref>}}
 == Below by [[User:Peter Z.|Peter Z.]] ==
@@ Line 78: / Line 78: @@
 * Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (October 5, 1797 – October 29, 1875) was an English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist of the 19th century. He is often referred to as "the Father of British Egyptology".</ref>}}
 *''Editors'' notes: Naski or in Croatian ''Naški''. The '''š''' is pronounced '''sh'''. ''(Interesting: Blato was called Blatta)''
+This is a term (a pronoun) which is used  to describe ones identity is quiet odd!
 == Local folk song: Zbogom, Moja Bobovišća Vala ==

@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 ===Korcula Dialect===
-[[Korcula Dialect|Korčula Dialect]] ''(or Korčulanski)'' is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula in Croatia. According to the Croatian Anthropological Society in their Collegium Antropologicum  (Volumes 15-16) the language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&ct=result&id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&q=korcula#search_anchor Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991.Pages 312 & 318.</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. Page 311.</ref> The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been referred to as Corzulot. Additionally it has influences of Venetian.
+[[Korcula Dialect|Korčula Dialect]] ''(or Korčulanski)'' is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula in Croatia. According to the Croatian Anthropological Society in their Collegium Antropologicum  (Volumes 15-16) the language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&ct=result&id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&q=korcula#search_anchor Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991.Pages 312 & 318.</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. Page 311.</ref> The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been referred to as Corzulot. Additionally it has influences of Venetian:
 *'''Defora''' in old Venetian means ''"from the outside"''.
 * Regarding the Shokavian dialect (taken from-[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan): {{Cquote|''However, the clashes between the Ottoman Empire and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699). The newcomers were given land and awarded special privileges “The Paštrović Privileges”.'' <ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan</ref>}}
 * Wikipedia and Korčula Town. {{Cquote|''Korčula, like other islands and many coastal cities in Dalmatia, also displays a dual Latin-Slav culture which developed from the late Roman era to the emergence of the modern Croatian state. Until the late 19th century, Italians made up the vast majority of the population of Korčula town while the rest of the island was almost completely inhabited by Croatians. The island therefore possesses a distinct Adriatic or Mediterranean cultural personality which sets it apart from the mountainous Dalmatian hinterland and continental Croatia further north.'' <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korčula_(town)#Culture Wikipedia: Korcula (town)]</ref>}}
 == Below by [[User:Peter Z.|Peter Z.]] ==
 * Indigenous population of Korčula were '''Illyrians'''.<ref>The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. 11 : The High Empire, AD 70-192 by Peter Rathbone</ref> It is believed that the Illyrians arrived in the Balkans approximately 1000 BC.<ref>The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes,ISBN 0631198075-1996</ref>

@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 *'''Defora''' in old Venetian means ''"from the outside"''.
 * Regarding the Shokavian dialect (taken from-[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan): {{Cquote|''However, the clashes between the Ottoman Empire and Venetian Republic produced extensive migrations from the mainland areas, especially from today's Bosnia and Herzegovina, to the eastern parts of the islands of Brač, Hvar, Korčula, and Pag. The newcomers brought their gene pool and a variety of cultural specificities, including the “Shokavian” dialect of the Croatian language to the predominantly “Chakavian” area. The most extensive migrations to these islands occurred during the Cypriote (1571-1573), Candian (1645-1669), and Morean wars (1684-1699). The newcomers were given land and awarded special privileges “The Paštrović Privileges”.'' <ref>[http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articles/PMC2121596/reload=0;jsessionid=7BE5888928AF51ECB79DC33089D0E57A.jvm1 The Land of 1000 Islands] by Igor Rudan</ref>}}
-----
+* Wikipedia and Korčula Town. {{Cquote|''Korčula, like other islands and many coastal cities in Dalmatia, also displays a dual Latin-Slav culture which developed from the late Roman era to the emergence of the modern Croatian state. Until the late 19th century, Italians made up the vast majority of the population of Korčula town while the rest of the island was almost completely inhabited by Croatians. The island therefore possesses a distinct Adriatic or Mediterranean cultural personality which sets it apart from the mountainous Dalmatian hinterland and continental Croatia further north.'' <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korčula_(town)#Culture Wikipedia: Korcula (town)]</ref>}}
-Below by [[User:Peter Z.|Peter Z.]]
+== Below by [[User:Peter Z.|Peter Z.]] ==
 * Indigenous population of Korčula were '''Illyrians'''.<ref>The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. 11 : The High Empire, AD 70-192 by Peter Rathbone</ref> It is believed that the Illyrians arrived in the Balkans approximately 1000 BC.<ref>The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes,ISBN 0631198075-1996</ref>
 * Greek colony was founded on Korcula.<ref>An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen,2005,Index</ref> Greek colonists from Corcyra (Corfu) formed a small colony on the island in the 6th century B.C. The Greeks named it "Black Corfu" after their homeland and the dense pine-woods on the island.

@@ Line 36: / Line 36: @@
 According to [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula|''Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula'']]   (by Nikola Ostoic) the Latin-Roman families survived. They spoke the ''Romance language''-'''Dalmatian'''.
-The new population likely settled in the centre of the island (near the village Čara) they spoke '''Chakavian- Croatian'''. The centre of the island had its strategic qualities which allowed protection on all sides from attack by sea. It also had fertile land which allowed cultivation.  After the invasion of Slavic tribes the region stabilised to a certain extent. The ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) and the ''Republic of Venice''  started to exert a political influence over the region and it’s new peoples. These events have been recorded historically by both Empires in chronicles of the time.
+The new population likely settled in the centre of the island (near the village Čara) they spoke '''Chakavian-Croatian'''. The centre of the island had its strategic qualities which allowed protection on all sides from attack by sea. It also had fertile land which allowed cultivation.  After the invasion of Slavic tribes the region stabilised to a certain extent. The ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) and the ''Republic of Venice''  started to exert a political influence over the region and it’s new peoples. These events have been recorded historically by both Empires in chronicles of the time.
 ===Korcula Dialect===
 [[Korcula Dialect|Korčula Dialect]] ''(or Korčulanski)'' is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula in Croatia. According to the Croatian Anthropological Society in their Collegium Antropologicum  (Volumes 15-16) the language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&ct=result&id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&q=korcula#search_anchor Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991.Pages 312 & 318.</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. Page 311.</ref> The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been referred to as Corzulot. Additionally it has influences of Venetian.

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 It appears to me that the region (former Yugoslavia-West Balkans) has problems with interpreting multicultural and ''multiethnic'' history (& societies).
-{{Cquote| '''Quote''' by  contemporary historian Danijel Dzino: ''Medieval studies in [[Croatia]] and in most of the former Yugoslav space were firmly rooted in political history and suffered from isolationism and lack of interest in foreign scholarship.  In the [[Titoism and Totalitarianism|communist era]], especially after the 1960s, Marxist ideology and national and Yugoslav political-ideological frameworks  strongly impacted on the research into medieval history in Croatia '' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA43&dq=Becoming+Slav,+Becoming+Croat:+Identity+Transformations+in+Post-Roman+Medieval+studies+in+croatia&hl=en&ei=aEVLTZXLC5GevgPU26QW&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and and Early Medieval Dalmatia]  by Danijel Dzino (p43)</ref>}}If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the ''Roman-Latin'' families  in the 7th century when the Slavs invaded. The Slavic tribes invaded [[Directory:Fausto Veranzio#Dalmatian|Dalmatia]] province of the ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) .
+{{Cquote| '''Quote''' by  contemporary historian Danijel Dzino: ''Medieval studies in [[Croatia]] and in most of the former Yugoslav space were firmly rooted in political history and suffered from isolationism and lack of interest in foreign scholarship.  In the [[Titoism and Totalitarianism|communist era]], especially after the 1960s, Marxist ideology and national and Yugoslav political-ideological frameworks  strongly impacted on the research into medieval history in Croatia '' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA43&dq=Becoming+Slav,+Becoming+Croat:+Identity+Transformations+in+Post-Roman+Medieval+studies+in+croatia&hl=en&ei=aEVLTZXLC5GevgPU26QW&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and and Early Medieval Dalmatia]  by Danijel Dzino (p43)</ref>}}If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the ''Roman-Latin'' families  in the 7th century when the Slavs invaded. The Slavic tribes invaded [[Directory:Fausto Veranzio#Dalmatian|Dalmatia]] province of the ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine).
 The 19th century theories concerning the '''identity''' of these early Slavs is flawed. The latest scholarly & archaeological research states that the Slavs of Southern Dalmatian were identified as neither Croatians or Serbs. They were called Slavs (Dalmatian Slavs).
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 * Andrew Archibald Paton (1811-1874) was a British diplomat and writer from the 19 century.</ref>}}
-According to Marinko Gjivoje, Perussich is ''Piruzović'' . <ref>Otok Korčula (2nd edition) by [http://esperanto.net/literaturo/autor/gjivoje.html Marinko Gjivoje], Zagreb 1969.
+According to Marinko Gjivoje, Perussich is ''Piruzović''. <ref>Otok Korčula (2nd edition) by [http://esperanto.net/literaturo/autor/gjivoje.html Marinko Gjivoje], Zagreb 1969.
 *The book outlines A-Z about the island of Korčula, from traditions, history, culture to wildlife, politics & geography. Page 46-47: ''Piruzović ''. </ref>
@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 Events could have unfolded (& most probably did) which led to them being attacked and killed. The survivors could have fled from Korčula to Ragusa (Dubrovnik), then a place of refuge. Maybe some survived and remained on the island. Judging by what happened to the Roman cities of Dalmatia; ''Epidaurum'', ''Narona'' and ''Salona'' (which were then part of the Eastern Roman Empire-Byzantine), these towns were '''destroyed'''. The Avari participated in these events too. This pattern of aggression of the Slavic tribes in conquering new territory must have continued during the following decades (& centuries) of the dark ages (even in more modern times). In this historic period it is recorded that many of the churches on the island of Korčula were destroyed (then rebuilt at a later stage). <ref>According to recent studies done at the University of Zadar,  Slavs on the island of Korčula accepted Christianity fully in the 14th and 15th Century.  Reference from: University of Zadar-Sociogeographic Transformation of the Western Part of Korcula Island by Lena Mirosevic-2008/page 161</ref>
-According to [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula|''Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula'']]   (by Nikola Ostoic) the Latin-Roman families survived. They spoke the Romance language-Dalmatian.
+According to [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula|''Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula'']]   (by Nikola Ostoic) the Latin-Roman families survived. They spoke the ''Romance language''-'''Dalmatian'''.
-The new population likely settled in the centre of the island (near the village Čara) they spoke Chakavian Croatian. The centre of the island had its strategic qualities which allowed protection on all sides from attack by sea. It also had fertile land which allowed cultivation.  After the invasion of Slavic tribes the region stabilised to a certain extent. The ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) and the ''Republic of Venice''  started to exert a political influence over the region and it’s new peoples. These events have been recorded historically by both Empires in chronicles of the time.
+The new population likely settled in the centre of the island (near the village Čara) they spoke '''Chakavian- Croatian'''. The centre of the island had its strategic qualities which allowed protection on all sides from attack by sea. It also had fertile land which allowed cultivation.  After the invasion of Slavic tribes the region stabilised to a certain extent. The ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) and the ''Republic of Venice''  started to exert a political influence over the region and it’s new peoples. These events have been recorded historically by both Empires in chronicles of the time.
 ----
 Below by [[User:Peter Z.|Peter Z.]]
@@ Line 68: / Line 71: @@
-==The identity called Naši -  meaning The ''Us'' people ==
+==The identity called Naši -  meaning: The ''Us'' people ==
 *Below taken'' from'' Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a Journey to Mostar in Herzegovina by John Gardner Wilkinson. Published in 1848 (p33).
@@ Line 74: / Line 77: @@
 * Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (October 5, 1797 – October 29, 1875) was an English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist of the 19th century. He is often referred to as "the Father of British Egyptology".</ref>}}
 *''Editors'' notes: Naski or in Croatian ''Naški''. The '''š''' is pronounced '''sh'''. ''(Interesting: Blato was called Blatta)''
-* [[Korcula Dialect]] ''(or Korčulanski)'' is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korcula in Croatia. According to the Croatian Anthropological Society in their Collegium Antropologicum  (Volumes 15-16) the language base of the Korcula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shokavian).<ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&ct=result&id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&q=korcula#search_anchor Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991.Pages 312 & 318.</ref> The dialect has remnants of the extinct Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KZMjAQAAIAAJ&q=Dalmatian+language+korcula&dq=Dalmatian+language+korcula&hl=en&ei=WmNGTPzMH4GyvgPGq_i4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ Collegium Antropologicum, Volumes 15-16] by Croatian Anthropological Society-1991. Page 311.</ref> The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been referred to as Corzulot. Additionally it has influences of Venetian.
 == Local folk song: Zbogom, Moja Bobovišća Vala ==

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 It appears to me that the region (former Yugoslavia-West Balkans) has problems with interpreting multicultural and ''multiethnic'' history (& societies).
-{{Cquote| '''Quote''' by  contemporary historian Danijel Dzino: ''Medieval studies in [[Croatia]] and in most of the former Yugoslav space were firmly rooted in political history and suffered from isolationism and lack of interest in foreign scholarship.  In the [[Titoism and Totalitarianism|communist era]], especially after the 1960s, Marxist ideology and national and Yugoslav political-ideological frameworks  strongly impacted on the research into medieval history in Croatia '' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA43&dq=Becoming+Slav,+Becoming+Croat:+Identity+Transformations+in+Post-Roman+Medieval+studies+in+croatia&hl=en&ei=aEVLTZXLC5GevgPU26QW&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and and Early Medieval Dalmatia]  by Danijel Dzino (p43)</ref>}}If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the ''Latin'' ( on the island of Korcula (Corcyra Nigra) in the 7th century when the Slavs invaded. The Slavic tribes invaded [[Directory:Fausto Veranzio#Dalmatian|Dalmatia]] province of the ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) .
+{{Cquote| '''Quote''' by  contemporary historian Danijel Dzino: ''Medieval studies in [[Croatia]] and in most of the former Yugoslav space were firmly rooted in political history and suffered from isolationism and lack of interest in foreign scholarship.  In the [[Titoism and Totalitarianism|communist era]], especially after the 1960s, Marxist ideology and national and Yugoslav political-ideological frameworks  strongly impacted on the research into medieval history in Croatia '' <ref>[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6UbOtJcF8rQC&pg=PA43&dq=Becoming+Slav,+Becoming+Croat:+Identity+Transformations+in+Post-Roman+Medieval+studies+in+croatia&hl=en&ei=aEVLTZXLC5GevgPU26QW&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and and Early Medieval Dalmatia]  by Danijel Dzino (p43)</ref>}}If we put aside political correctness, one could ask the question what happened to the ''Roman-Latin'' families  in the 7th century when the Slavs invaded. The Slavic tribes invaded [[Directory:Fausto Veranzio#Dalmatian|Dalmatia]] province of the ''Eastern Roman Empire'' (Byzantine) .
 The 19th century theories concerning the '''identity''' of these early Slavs is flawed. The latest scholarly & archaeological research states that the Slavs of Southern Dalmatian were identified as neither Croatians or Serbs. They were called Slavs (Dalmatian Slavs).
@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 * [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=B2LFRiT1nfYC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Venice+and+the+Slavs&hl=en&ei=2r9ETfzgCoS0vwOShpndAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Venice and the Slavs:] The Discovery of Dalmatia in the Age of Enlightenment by Larry Wolff.
 ===Events===
-Events could have unfolded (& most probably did) which led to them being attacked and killed. The survivors could have fled from Korčula to Ragusa (Dubrovnik), then a place of refuge. Maybe some survived and remained on the island. Judging by what happened to the Roman cities of Dalmatia; ''Epidaurum'', ''Narona'' and ''Salona'' (which were then part of the Byzantine Empire), these towns were '''destroyed'''. The Avari participated in these events too. This pattern of aggression of the Slavic tribes in conquering new territory must have continued during the following decades (& centuries) of the dark ages (even more modern times). In this historic period it is recorded that many of the churches on the island of Korčula were destroyed (then rebuilt at a later stage). <ref>According to recent studies done at the University of Zadar,  Slavs on the island of Korčula accepted Christianity fully in the 14th and 15th Century.  Reference from: University of Zadar-Sociogeographic Transformation of the Western Part of Korcula Island by Lena Mirosevic-2008/page 161</ref>
+Events could have unfolded (& most probably did) which led to them being attacked and killed. The survivors could have fled from Korčula to Ragusa (Dubrovnik), then a place of refuge. Maybe some survived and remained on the island. Judging by what happened to the Roman cities of Dalmatia; ''Epidaurum'', ''Narona'' and ''Salona'' (which were then part of the Eastern Roman Empire-Byzantine), these towns were '''destroyed'''. The Avari participated in these events too. This pattern of aggression of the Slavic tribes in conquering new territory must have continued during the following decades (& centuries) of the dark ages (even in more modern times). In this historic period it is recorded that many of the churches on the island of Korčula were destroyed (then rebuilt at a later stage). <ref>According to recent studies done at the University of Zadar,  Slavs on the island of Korčula accepted Christianity fully in the 14th and 15th Century.  Reference from: University of Zadar-Sociogeographic Transformation of the Western Part of Korcula Island by Lena Mirosevic-2008/page 161</ref>
 According to [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula|''Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula'']]   (by Nikola Ostoic) the Latin-Roman families survived. They spoke the Romance language-Dalmatian.
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 * The island became part of the Roman province of '''Illyricum'''. <ref>'''Encyclopedia Britannica'''.
 * The Roman province of Illyricum stretched from the Drilon River (the Drin, in modern Albania) in the south to Istria (modem [[Slovenia]] and Croatia)</ref> After the Illyrian Wars. Roman migration followed and Roman citizens arrived on the island. <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=QtppAAAAMAAJ&q=Roman+Junianum+korcula&dq=Roman+Junianum+korcula&lr= Croatian Adriatic:] History, Culture, Art & Natural beauties</ref>  In 10 AD Illyricum was split into two provinces, Pannonia and '''Dalmatia'''.<ref>John Everett-Healu. "Dalmatia." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 2005. Encyclopedia.com</ref> Korčula became part of the ancient Roman province of Dalmatia.
-* In the 6th century it came under''Eastern Roman Empire-Byzantine''  (by then the Greek families would have been Romanized). The Illyrian population according to the [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula|''Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula'']] suffered greatly under the Romans. After the Illyrian Wars the males were excited and females were sold of to slavery. <ref>Historical Compendium of the Island of Curzola ''by'' Nicolo Ostoich (p6)</ref>
+* In the 6th century it came under ''Eastern Roman Empire-Byzantine''  (by then the Greek families would have been Romanized). The Illyrian population according to the [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula|''Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula'']] suffered greatly under the Romans. After the Illyrian Wars the males were excited and females were sold of to slavery. <ref>Historical Compendium of the Island of Curzola ''by'' Nicolo Ostoich (p6)</ref>
 *The Great Migrations of the 7th century, brought the Slavic peoples into the Dalmatian region. The Narentani (Neretljani Slavs) invaded the island and occupied it. They ruled it from 642 to 999
 *Conquered by the Veneti under the management of the doge '''Pietro Orscolo''' from 999 to 1100.