Defence of Korcula - Revision history

Peter Z.: /* The Story */

2023-07-11T17:02:45Z

The Story

Peter Z.: /* The Story */

2023-07-11T16:58:57Z

The Story

Peter Z.: /* Enemy Fleet Will Not go Any More North Past the Bay of Cattaro or Past Ragusa */ Venetian Prince Antonio Balbi

2021-12-23T09:03:18Z

Enemy Fleet Will Not go Any More North Past the Bay of Cattaro or Past Ragusa: Venetian Prince Antonio Balbi

Peter Z.: /* The Story */ tidy

2021-12-23T07:18:31Z

The Story: tidy

Peter Z.: /* The Story */ Alternative translation 2

2021-12-23T07:03:22Z

The Story: Alternative translation 2

Peter Z.: fix

2021-12-23T06:38:33Z

fix

Peter Z.: tidy

2021-12-23T06:25:13Z

tidy

Peter Z.: /* News From Ragusa */ Giovanni Dionigi Galeni or Giovan Dionigi Galeni, also Uluj Ali, Turkish: Uluç Ali Reis, later Uluç Ali Paşa and finally Kılıç Ali Paşa; 1519 – 21 June 1587) was an Italian farmer, then Ottoman privateer and admiral, who later became beylerbey of the Regency of Algiers, and finally Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) of the Ottoman fleet in the 16th century.

2021-12-23T06:13:22Z

News From Ragusa: Giovanni Dionigi Galeni or Giovan Dionigi Galeni, also Uluj Ali, Turkish: Uluç Ali Reis, later Uluç Ali Paşa and finally Kılıç Ali Paşa; 1519 – 21 June 1587) was an Italian farmer, then Ottoman privateer and admiral, who later became beylerbey of the Regency of Algiers, and finally Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) of the Ottoman fleet in the 16th century.

Peter Z.: /* The Story */ Herzegovinians pirates as referred in the English translation by ''Batistich'' are pirates from Herceg Novi-Castelnuovo which is part of the Bay of Kotor. They were most likely mainly Slavs.

2021-12-23T05:58:08Z

The Story: Herzegovinians pirates as referred in the English translation by ''Batistich'' are pirates from Herceg Novi-Castelnuovo which is part of the Bay of Kotor. They were most likely mainly Slavs.

Peter Z.: /* The Story */ Alternative translation

2021-12-23T05:47:51Z

The Story: Alternative translation

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 Alternative translation:
-{{quote|By the constant inquiries of those who are concerned with the preservation of the town Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva Virgin Mother, whose help we firmly believe that there was a certainty for us in that battle, just as you did not disdain to direct your servant in all these things, so also draw your hand and pen along the paths of truth in your proclamations and thanksgivings, I pray.}}
+{{quote|By constant inquiries of those who preserve the town of the town Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva Virgin Mother, whose help we firmly believe that there was a certainty for us in that battle, just as you did not disdain to direct your servant in all these things, so also draw your hand and pen along the paths of truth in your proclamations and thanksgivings, I pray.}}
 SELIM<ref>'''SELIM''' info from Wikipedia:

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 Alternative translation:
-{{quote|By incessant inquiries of those who, admiring the wonderful small town of Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva Virgin Mother, whose help we firmly believe that there was a certainty for us in that battle, just as you did not disdain to direct your servant in all these things, so also draw your hand and pen along the paths of truth in your proclamations and thanksgivings, I pray.}}
+{{quote|By the constant inquiries of those who are concerned with the preservation of the town Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva Virgin Mother, whose help we firmly believe that there was a certainty for us in that battle, just as you did not disdain to direct your servant in all these things, so also draw your hand and pen along the paths of truth in your proclamations and thanksgivings, I pray.}}
 SELIM<ref>'''SELIM''' info from Wikipedia:

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 Among them, some were fond to superstitions, or maybe by nature were hiding the worries of the public, mentioning some yellow birds, the species that was never seen in our parts, those days in our channel between Orebic [Sabbioncello] and here were seen in numbers, where they at times swim on the sea surface, and other times fly over the island, where they are damaging the vineyards. Someone said that they came from the Black Sea, and that they are preceeding the Turkish fleet, or that they are signaling turks in white turbans that will arrive here to destroy us. Some of the richer people already started carrying their boxes to the boats, as some people coming from Dubrovnik [Ragusa] are talking of very bad news, one after another. And so everyone got excited, carrying their belongings to the boats, with such a rush that they were bumping into one another at the city gate.
-City Rector was a young man, very inexperienced, and had no trust in experienced elders. It has been only two months since he assumed running of the city and in this short period did not gain any liking among citizenry. Anyway, these last few days he showed to be softer and more understanding. Seeing how everything from the city is being carried out, he gave an order to at once securely shut the city gates. Then many stopped lowering their belongings over the city walls, and some of them in front of the city gate started to pile up things, pushing one another. This was a very sad scene. This is how Troy looked when it fell in hands of the enemy. Rector did not take much of his clothing, because he had left his family back in Venice. But anyway, his servant-lady along with most of his other belongings brought down to the quay and placed in the boat. In addition he secured for him a pirate ship from Perast [Perasto], which was very well maintained. It had six strong rowers, and he rented it out for 120 golden ducats. At dusk we were hearing all kinds of conflicting news reports. Frightened women were running through the city, begging to be let on the ships or to run into the forests. In the evening, Rector agrees to let them go, this he repeated the next day even more, he ordered the city gates to be open, so they can transfer their belongings to the boats that stayed anchored. Finally those who wished to leave, raised their sails and sailed away on 8th of August.
+City Rector was a young man [Venetian Prince '''Antonio Balbi'''], very inexperienced, and had no trust in experienced elders. It has been only two months since he assumed running of the city and in this short period did not gain any liking among citizenry. Anyway, these last few days he showed to be softer and more understanding. Seeing how everything from the city is being carried out, he gave an order to at once securely shut the city gates. Then many stopped lowering their belongings over the city walls, and some of them in front of the city gate started to pile up things, pushing one another. This was a very sad scene. This is how Troy looked when it fell in hands of the enemy. Rector did not take much of his clothing, because he had left his family back in Venice. But anyway, his servant-lady along with most of his other belongings brought down to the quay and placed in the boat. In addition he secured for him a pirate ship from Perast [Perasto], which was very well maintained. It had six strong rowers, and he rented it out for 120 golden ducats. At dusk we were hearing all kinds of conflicting news reports. Frightened women were running through the city, begging to be let on the ships or to run into the forests. In the evening, Rector agrees to let them go, this he repeated the next day even more, he ordered the city gates to be open, so they can transfer their belongings to the boats that stayed anchored. Finally those who wished to leave, raised their sails and sailed away on 8th of August.
 We must tell you what has happened when the Franciscan brothers left. Actually both orders, Franciscans and Dominicans, even a few days earlier, before anyone else ran away. They actually, from their monastery at island of Badia [Scolenum sancti Petri], two miles East of the city, earlier moved their miraculous cross and five paintings of Blessed Virgin. They secured these in Church of All Saints, inside the city walls, than later before their leaving, they pulled a precious picture of Our Lady, with all it’s jewellery and decorations and placed it in the boat with which they intended to leave. The miraculous cross, because of the size of the boat they left in the church. Then all of a sudden a big storm started. The waves were coming up from the bottom of the sea toward the sky, with the wind it seemed as all the water mixed with air were going up to the sky. Later, we found out that during this storm at port of Ulcinj seven Turkish galleys were smashed and sunk. Number of others collided with one another. Worried monks, by being scared, thinking that God sent this storm to punish them, immediately returned the picture of Virgin back to the place from where they removed it. After the storm had passed they left the monastery and bells in the bell-tower, and everything else that they possessed, then ran away leaving those sacral objects in the city’s church. That strong wish for survival and life, made them not care for their spiritual promise. They were so united in leaving that even their servants left with them. We have to be fearful of their example, because some of them lost their lives, other had to be rescued with expensive ransoms paid to Neretljani [Narantani]. Next day, after these escapes, two monk impersonators showed up, saying that they came form another Province, and they would like to carry away the paintings of Our Lady. We then chased them away. We told them that they should be ashamed of themselves, if it is possible for them to feel any shame. I am mentioning this along the way, then I am continuing the description of happenings. Our (escapees that were traveling on their own) all of them alive and in good condition arrived at Hvar [Lesina] (town on the next island some 25 miles to the North West), day after, they made it to Zadar [Zara], since they were followed by favourable winds.

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 Alternative translation:
-{{quote|By incessant inquiries of those who, admiring the wonderful little town of Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva Virgin Mother, whose help we firmly believe that there was a certainty for us in that battle, just as you did not disdain to direct your servant in all these things, so also draw your hand and pen along the paths of truth in your proclamations and thanksgivings, I pray.}}
+{{quote|By incessant inquiries of those who, admiring the wonderful small town of Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva Virgin Mother, whose help we firmly believe that there was a certainty for us in that battle, just as you did not disdain to direct your servant in all these things, so also draw your hand and pen along the paths of truth in your proclamations and thanksgivings, I pray.}}
 SELIM<ref>'''SELIM''' info from Wikipedia:

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 Alternative translation:
-{{quote|By insistence inquiries of those who, admiring the wonderful little town of Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva, Virgin Mother, whose help we believe with firm faith that there was certainty for us in that battle.}}
+{{quote|By incessant inquiries of those who, admiring the wonderful little town of Corcyra Melena, to be ascribed to the preservation of my own country, and admiring the divine divinity, so often demand a series of such noble deeds from me, I have determined to satisfy this in a short notebook. You are the only Diva Virgin Mother, whose help we firmly believe that there was a certainty for us in that battle, just as you did not disdain to direct your servant in all these things, so also draw your hand and pen along the paths of truth in your proclamations and thanksgivings, I pray.}}
 SELIM<ref>'''SELIM''' info from Wikipedia:

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 {{DISPLAYTITLE:Defense of Korcula from Turkish Attack in 1571}}
 [[File:250px-Croatia-Dalmatia-1.jpg|thumb|right|500px|Dalmatia (the dark purple) within todays modern [[Croatia]]. The island of Korčula is marked red.]]
-Written by '''Antun (Antonio) Rosanovic '''  (or Antonio Rosaneo, Latin: Antonii Rosenei, modern Croatian: Antun Rozanović) of the historical event of the '''1571''' battle in which the people of the island of Korcula  defended themselves against the Ottoman Empire. He lead the defense in 1571 and was the city's Archdeacon. Originally written in [[Latin]] 'Antonii Rosanei Corcyrae Melenae Opus'.
+Written by '''Antun (Antonio) Rosanovic '''  (or Antonio Rosaneo, Latin: Antonii Rosenei, modern Croatian: Antun Rozanović) of the historical event of the '''1571''' battle in which the people of the island of Korcula  defended themselves against the Ottoman Empire. He led the defense in 1571 and was the city's Archdeacon. Originally written in [[Latin]] 'Antonii Rosanei Corcyrae Melenae Opus'.
 Please note: In modern Croatian the c in Korcula is pronounced ch and is written "č".
 Translated from Latin by Reverend Ivo Matijaca. The writing below is based on the English translation by Nikola S. Batistich.

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 == News From Ragusa ==
-Around thirteenth of August we received news from Dubrovnik [Ragusa] that Ulcinj had fallen in hands of the enemy, as well as Budva and Bar and that Kotor [Cattaro] is surrounded both from the sea and from the land, so that people of Kotor [Cattaro] are in extreme danger. It is our general opinion that Kotor [Cattaro] can be taken with smaller number of vessels. Then the rest of their fleet can be used to attack and take over most of the costal towns along the Dalmatian coast, especially Zadar [Zara] and Šibenik [Sebenico <ref>'''Editors note''': According to some sources the settlement of Sibenik was established by Croatian Slavs in the 11th century, and was given its name, '''Šibenik''' (the Š is pronounced ''sh'' ) The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550) in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in Latin it was written Sclaveni.  Slavic tribes invaded the region of''' Roman Dalmatia''' in the early Middle Ages. Prior to the arrival of the Slavs, Roman Dalmatia was mainly inhabited by a '''Roman Latin-Illyrian''' population. Šibenik was latter renamed '''Sebenico''' when in 1412 the city became part of the ''Republic of Venice'' (1412-1797). Its name was change to Šibenik by the Yugoslav regime in 1920.</ref>,'''originally''' written: ''maritimarum civitatum totius '''Illyrici''' praesertim Jadrae, et Sibenici'']. This news carrier also brought a letter from Antun Paladin, forwarded to Filip Rozanovic, written in plain Italian language, poorly composed, in which he is letting him know that he is located with the Turkish ships in Dubrovnik [Ragusa] and he is hoping to find there one from the Rozanovic family. Since he didn’t find anyone, his wish was to write this letter, to say hello to his relatives in Korčula [Curzola], especially his brother and offer himself ready to help in any way he can. It was signed “Jusuf”, as he was called by the Turks. Paladins are in our town an old and respected family belonging to towns nobility. At one time they were very wealthy, but recently they fell into poverty, like many others and moved to Zrnovo [Zernova], a village close to the city. From this family comes Father Vicko, well known theologist, Dominicans brother and big friend of Archdeacon, related to him four generations back. Because of this relationship Rozanovic’s took in initially Jakov, who died very young at 10 years of age, then his brother Antun, they were both Marko’s sons, who were left without parents, so they brought them up. Since he was a child Antun was told that he should become a sailor. After a shipwreck he experienced near a Greek island of Hios, he fell in the hands of barbarians and as prisoner of Uluz Ali, also called Occialino who was vice king of Algiers (some think that he comes from the town of Julie Cesarea). Antun was then forced to accept Turkish citizenship, and he was given the command of one of their galleys. This is how Marko Prasica handed the letter to Archdeacon instead of to Filip, who is ill, in sad condition and who with some others ran away to Zadar [Zara]. With the letter there was attached six rolls of white silk thread, with unknown value, I believe as a symbol of something not known to me.
+Around thirteenth of August we received news from Dubrovnik [Ragusa] that Ulcinj had fallen in hands of the enemy, as well as Budva and Bar and that Kotor [Cattaro] is surrounded both from the sea and from the land, so that people of Kotor [Cattaro] are in extreme danger. It is our general opinion that Kotor [Cattaro] can be taken with smaller number of vessels. Then the rest of their fleet can be used to attack and take over most of the costal towns along the Dalmatian coast, especially Zadar [Zara] and Šibenik [Sebenico <ref>'''Editors note''': According to some sources the settlement of Sibenik was established by Croatian Slavs in the 11th century, and was given its name, '''Šibenik''' (the Š is pronounced ''sh'' ) The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines (i.e. Procopius-Byzantine scholar, Jordanes- 6th century Roman bureaucrat) and was recorded in the 6th century (cia. 550) in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in Latin it was written Sclaveni.  Slavic tribes invaded the region of''' Roman Dalmatia''' in the early Middle Ages. Prior to the arrival of the Slavs, Roman Dalmatia was mainly inhabited by a '''Roman Latin-Illyrian''' population. Šibenik was latter renamed '''Sebenico''' when in 1412 the city became part of the ''Republic of Venice'' (1412-1797). Its name was change to Šibenik by the Yugoslav regime in 1920.</ref>,'''originally''' written: ''maritimarum civitatum totius '''Illyrici''' praesertim Jadrae, et Sibenici'']. This news carrier also brought a letter from Antun Paladin, forwarded to Filip Rozanovic, written in plain Italian language, poorly composed, in which he is letting him know that he is located with the Turkish ships in Dubrovnik [Ragusa] and he is hoping to find there one from the Rozanovic family. Since he didn’t find anyone, his wish was to write this letter, to say hello to his relatives in Korčula [Curzola], especially his brother and offer himself ready to help in any way he can. It was signed “Jusuf”, as he was called by the Turks. Paladins are in our town an old and respected family belonging to towns nobility. At one time they were very wealthy, but recently they fell into poverty, like many others and moved to Zrnovo [Zernova], a village close to the city. From this family comes Father Vicko, well known theologist, Dominicans brother and big friend of Archdeacon, related to him four generations back. Because of this relationship Rozanovic’s took in initially Jakov, who died very young at 10 years of age, then his brother Antun, they were both Marko’s sons, who were left without parents, so they brought them up. Since he was a child Antun was told that he should become a sailor. After a shipwreck he experienced near a Greek island of Hios, he fell in the hands of barbarians and as prisoner of Uluz Ali, also called Occialino <ref>Wkipedia: Occhiali (Giovanni Dionigi Galeni or Giovan Dionigi Galeni, also Uluj Ali, Turkish: Uluç Ali Reis, later Uluç Ali Paşa and finally Kılıç Ali Paşa; 1519 – 21 June 1587) was an Italian farmer, then Ottoman privateer and admiral, who later became beylerbey of the Regency of Algiers, and finally Grand Admiral (Kapudan Pasha) of the Ottoman fleet in the 16th century.
-With all this happening, among us fear increased, our Rector openly and without pretending was saying that the city has to be abandoned, instead of sitting and waiting for the enemy who greatly outnumbers us. Archdeacon instead told everyone to be brave, he was using the friendly letter from Antun Paladin with that thread of white silk as a symbol of security and peace, while others explained it, that the thread means chains and that letter did not foresee any hope, and they continued to be very worried. Following this, people were called to the prayer, which we did as often as possible. The priests were asking for God’s mercy and help from the Saints, while most people with tears in their eyes were answering the prayers. There was three masses held so that public would be preoccupied, and would not think of dangers approaching. After the services in the Cathedral of Saint Marko and while people were going over to church of Holy Trinity, where another services were being held, over here arrived from  Peljesac [Sabbioncello ''or'' Pelisac]  a nobleman from Dubrovnik [Ragusa] named Helije Cervin Bunicevic, whom Rector after leaving services takes to his palace. There they conducted a lengthy talk. Rector stayed at his palace and Helije returned back to  Pelješac [Sabbioncello or Pelisac]. When he was leaving Vicko Rozanovic asked him of coming dangers. He answered with a smile ''“everything will be fine if Rector leaves town”''.
+Born Giovanni Dionigi Galeni, he was also known by several other names in the Christian countries of the Mediterranean and in the literature also appears under various names. Miguel de Cervantes called him Uchali in chapter XXXIX of his Don Quixote de la Mancha. Elsewhere he was simply called Ali Pasha. John Wolf, in his The Barbary Coast, refers to him as Euldj Ali.</ref> who was vice king of Algiers (some think that he comes from the town of Julie Cesarea). Antun was then forced to accept Turkish citizenship, and he was given the command of one of their galleys. This is how Marko Prasica handed the letter to Archdeacon instead of to Filip, who is ill, in sad condition and who with some others ran away to Zadar [Zara]. With the letter there was attached six rolls of white silk thread, with unknown value, I believe as a symbol of something not known to me.
 After the Mass in a procession around the city, after hearing the third Mass in front of the picture of the miraculous Virgin Mary. There it happened that one of ours, possibly from exhaustion as well as of fear of the approaching enemy, collapsed unconscious, and was taken home where he laid appearing dead for three to four hours. As a result of all of this, three days later, as the enemy was nearing, he was among the first ones to ran away from the city and did not stop until he reached a distance of some fifteen thousand steps. After the services we had refreshments.

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 Selim I (Ottoman Turkish: سليم اول, Turkish: Birinci Selim; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (Turkish: Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520.His reign is notable for the enormous expansion of the Empire, particularly his conquest between 1516 and 1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included all of the Levant, Hejaz, Tihamah, and Egypt itself. On the eve of his death in 1520, the Ottoman Empire spanned about 576,900 sq mi (1,494,000 km2), having grown by seventy percent during Selim's reign.</ref>, the tricky ['''originally''' written: perfidus ''meaning'' treacherous]  [[Directory:Turkey|Turkish emperor]] [Ottoman Empire]  conducting a fierce war, has taken from the Venice [Republic of Venice] almost all of the island of Cyprus except for Famagusta. <ref>'''Editors''' note: Famagusta (Greek: Αμμόχωστος Ammóchōstos, Turkish: Gazimağusa/Mağusa) is a city on the east coast of Cyprus, de jure capital of the Famagusta District. It is currently the capital of the Gazimağusa District of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus which is only recognised by Turkey. All other countries consider the city to be legally part of the Republic of Cyprus. (ref from Wikipedia)</ref> Confident with these successes , at the beginning of May he orders gathering of a large fleet to go against Christians, and especially against Venetians. Over here, rumours spread about this armada, and fear among people multiplied, that Turks are already approaching our borders and each day they are supposed to be getting more and more aggressive.
-On second day of August, unexpectedly a group of refugees sailed in, those that we called "Uskoci" [originally written: ''quos Illirico vocabulo Usocos'' ], they came from Epir and they confessed to us that Ulcinj which is about 80 miles south east of here, is in danger from land forces, and that on the sea they have seen many galleys near Ulcinj, and that they had hard time getting away from them. They were not sure who these galleys belonged to, but they suspected that these must belong to pirate Karalcozije<ref>Pirate Karalcozije or Karahodža maybe from Herceg Novi (Montenegro) or Karamindzoja brothers from Ulcinj - Montenegro.</ref> and his cohorts. Next day another group arrived from Perast (Perast is a town in Bay of Boca)  [Perasto,''plus'' modern: Boka Kotorska ''or'' Bay of Kotor] and they confirmed the news about the Turkish fleet all around Ulcinj. And they told us how they were forced to abandon their boat and they barely survived by getting away in a dinghy. Actually this story we did not believe. What was hard to believe was that enemy’s ships have reached that far into our waters, knowing that christian navy was behind their backs. We didn’t know what to think. We were scared, everyone talked about what was to come, but no one knew for sure. People from Perast [Perasto], ones that happened to be in our town, because of these rumours, all to the last one, boarded their boats and left the town. A word came from Epidaur,<ref>'''Editors''' note: Epidaurus (Greek: Επίδαυρος, Epidavros) was a small city (polis) in ancient Greece, at the Saronic Gulf. Two modern towns bear the name Epidavros (Επίδαυρος): Palaia Epidavros and Nea Epidavros. Since 2010 they belong to the new municipality of Epidavros, part of the regional unit of Argolis. The seat of the municipality is the town Asklipieio. (ref from Wikipedia)</ref> that Bar already capitulated, and that Kotor [Cattaro] is in great danger of falling, also that danger is looming to all of Dalmatia  ['''originally''' written: ''whole of '''Illyricum''', to destruction''].
+On second day of August, unexpectedly a group of refugees sailed in, those that we called "Uskoci" [originally written: ''quos Illirico vocabulo Usocos'' meaning the literate Illyrian name of Usoco], they came from Epir and they confessed to us that Ulcinj which is about 80 miles south east of here, is in danger from land forces, and that on the sea they have seen many galleys near Ulcinj, and that they had hard time getting away from them. They were not sure who these galleys belonged to, but they suspected that these must belong to pirate Karalcozije<ref>Pirate Karalcozije or Karahodža maybe from Herceg Novi (Montenegro) or Karamindzoja brothers from Ulcinj - Montenegro. They were most likely Slavs.</ref> and his cohorts. Next day another group arrived from Perast (Perast is a town in Bay of Boca)  [Perasto,''plus'' modern: Boka Kotorska ''or'' Bay of Kotor] and they confirmed the news about the Turkish fleet all around Ulcinj. And they told us how they were forced to abandon their boat and they barely survived by getting away in a dinghy. Actually this story we did not believe. What was hard to believe was that enemy’s ships have reached that far into our waters, knowing that christian navy was behind their backs. We didn’t know what to think. We were scared, everyone talked about what was to come, but no one knew for sure. People from Perast [Perasto], ones that happened to be in our town, because of these rumours, all to the last one, boarded their boats and left the town. A word came from Epidaur,<ref>'''Editors''' note: Epidaurus (Greek: Επίδαυρος, Epidavros) was a small city (polis) in ancient Greece, at the Saronic Gulf. Two modern towns bear the name Epidavros (Επίδαυρος): Palaia Epidavros and Nea Epidavros. Since 2010 they belong to the new municipality of Epidavros, part of the regional unit of Argolis. The seat of the municipality is the town Asklipieio. (ref from Wikipedia)</ref> that Bar already capitulated, and that Kotor [Cattaro] is in great danger of falling, also that danger is looming to all of Dalmatia  ['''originally''' written: ''whole of '''Illyricum''', to destruction''].
 In Korčula [Curzola] there exists a place of worship, right next to Southern City walls which our ancestors dedicated to Virgin Mary and Saint Bartholomew in memory of past victory, in battle with
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 I am familiar with the indecisiveness in all of us, but anyway I am telling you and begging all of you to be ready to suffer the torture instead to negate your belief in our Lord Jesus Christ. Because after short suffering follows eternal happiness. If we give up on our God we feel eternal suffering and terrible torture I also feel it is needless to talk about this; and I am seeing your souls without need to make you any more brave. Something else is what I actually intended to talk to you about. It seems to me that you are preparing to run away. This I don’t approve, neither do I understand by which route you are planning to run away.
-On the sea all around us are appearing pirates, Neretvani ['''Narentines''' <ref> The '''Narentines''', who are referred to today mainly as ''Neretljani'', were a nation of Slav pirates. Also known as Arentanoi. By the time of this battle they where just privateers in the services of the Ottomans. In 1571 the Narentines no longer had a state and where a small group of pirates from the neighboring river Neretva.</ref>],  Herzegovinians ['''Please note''': Herzegovinians pirates as referred in the English translation by ''Batistich'' are pirates from Herceg Novi-Castelnuovo which is part of the Bay of Kotor]  and other enemies that surround us. To the East already in bay of Kotor [Cattaro] is anchored all of  Turkish fleet [Ottoman Empire], some 400 galleys. They may be even getting close to Dubrovnik ['''originally''': '''Ragusa''', part of the Republic of Ragusa] or even closer. To the West we hear that around Vis [Lissa] were spotted 10 galleys, that separated from this fleet. To the North nobody wants to receive us, and even if they take us we will become their servants and slaves. From Apulia which is to the South, we are separated by the wide sea expanse that makes it even worse, we are surrounded by enemies on all sides. Be careful so that you don’t, God forbid, run into a bigger danger by trying to run away. But if you really have made up your mind to leave ,I pray God to protect you; while I, who not any less than you likes his life, I have decided to stay here, as they say, and try my luck.
+On the sea all around us are appearing pirates, Neretvani ['''Narentines''' <ref> The '''Narentines''', who are referred to today mainly as ''Neretljani'', were a nation of Slav pirates. Also known as Arentanoi. By the time of this battle they where just privateers in the services of the Ottomans. In 1571 the Narentines no longer had a state and where a small group of pirates from the neighboring river Neretva.</ref>],  Herzegovinians and other enemies that surround us ['''Please note''': Herzegovinians pirates as referred in the English translation by ''Batistich'' are pirates from Herceg Novi-Castelnuovo which is part of the Bay of Kotor. They were most likely mainly Slavs.]. To the East already in bay of Kotor [Cattaro] is anchored all of  Turkish fleet [Ottoman Empire], some 400 galleys. They may be even getting close to Dubrovnik ['''originally''': '''Ragusa''', part of the Republic of Ragusa] or even closer. To the West we hear that around Vis [Lissa] were spotted 10 galleys, that separated from this fleet. To the North nobody wants to receive us, and even if they take us we will become their servants and slaves. From Apulia which is to the South, we are separated by the wide sea expanse that makes it even worse, we are surrounded by enemies on all sides. Be careful so that you don’t, God forbid, run into a bigger danger by trying to run away. But if you really have made up your mind to leave ,I pray God to protect you; while I, who not any less than you likes his life, I have decided to stay here, as they say, and try my luck.
 ==Enemy Fleet Will Not go Any More North Past the Bay of Cattaro or Past Ragusa ==

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 The above '''originally''' written in Latin, note '''Corcyrae Melenae''':{{quote| ''"Assiduis percontationibus eorum, qui conservationem opiduli '''Corcyrae Melenae''' Patriae meae miram quidem, et divino adscribendam Numini admirantes, seriem tam praeclari facinoris toties a me repetunt, hoc brevi comentariolo satisfacere decrevi. Tu tantum Diva Virgo Mater, cujus opem firma fide credimus nobis eo in praelio certissimam adfuisse, sicuti servulum non es dedignata in iis omnibus dirrigere, ita quoque manum, et calamum per veritatis semitas in tua praeconia, et gratiarum actiones precor deducito."''}}
 SELIM<ref>'''SELIM''' info from Wikipedia:
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 {{quote|Hear you respected husbands, fathers, brothers and sons, all dear in Christ, as I spoke You have heard, now by me spoken David’s thought. Think about it, I beg you, from it double powerful Gods power, from which one is a witness how to almighty God nothing is impossible, while the other shows his mercy towards us, so that; no one of us loves himself more than the love we receive from merciful God."''}}
 [[File:Curzola of old.jpg|thumb|right|425px| Town of Korčula (Curzola-1708)]]