Card counting - Revision history

Drlesmgolden: /* Systems */

2021-09-25T15:33:52Z

Systems

Drlesmgolden at 15:33, 25 September 2021

2021-09-25T15:33:06Z

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Drlesmgolden at 15:30, 25 September 2021

2021-09-25T15:30:51Z

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Drlesmgolden at 12:44, 20 November 2017

2017-11-20T12:44:42Z

Drlesmgolden at 22:09, 22 May 2016

2016-05-22T22:09:25Z

Drlesmgolden at 22:08, 22 May 2016

2016-05-22T22:08:40Z

Drlesmgolden: /* Les Golden */

2016-05-22T14:17:37Z

Les Golden

Drlesmgolden at 14:13, 22 May 2016

2016-05-22T14:13:56Z

Drlesmgolden: recreate

2016-05-22T14:09:08Z

recreate

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'''Card counting''' is one of the strategies designed to turn the casino game of [[Blackjack]] into a positive result for the players. Blackjack substantially increased in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s once a strategy for beating the game was made public by Eward Thorp in the 1962 pulication of Beat the Dealer..

As the cards are played, the remaining cards can be identified. The larger the proportion of aces, face cards, and tens remaining in the deck, the more favorable the odds are for the player. Players take advantage of this by increasing their bet sizes and altering playing strategy.

A skilled card counter can play against the casino at a small mathematical advantage. Some casinos, in some jurisdictions, falsely consider this cheating and will ban card counters from playing. However, card counting is not illegal in any country.

==Blackjack writers==
===John Bukofsky===
===Bryce Carlson===
===Daniel Dravot===
===Greg Elder===
===[Les Golden]===
Long-time columnist for [Bluff Europe], igamingbusiness, gambling.com, Jackpots Review, and gamblingonline magazines. Ythor of the biographical novel [Never Split Tens] and the adapted screenplay, based on the life of Edward Thorp.
===Fred Renzey===
===Chris Statz===
===[Edward Thorp]===
A pioneering book codifying the methodology by Edward Thorp was published in 1962: ''Beat the Dealer: A Winning Strategy for the Game of Twenty-One''.<ref>Thorp, E. O. (1966) ''Beat the Dealer: A Winning Strategy for the Game of Twenty-One'', Random House, New York</ref>

===Nathaniel Tilton===

===Olaf Vancura and Ken Fuchs===
Authors of Knock Out Blackjack.

===Stanford Wong===
Author of the books Basic Blackjack, Professional Blackjack, and Blackjack Secrets.

===Frank Scoblete===
Author of Golden Touch Blackjack Revolution.

===Arnold Snyder===
Author of books Blackbelt in Blackjack, Big Book of Blackjack, and Blackjack Wisdom..

===Don Schlesinger===
Author of Blackjack Attack.

===Barry Meadow===
Author of Blackjack Autumn

===Rick Blaine===
Author of Blackjack Blueprint

===Ian Andersen===
Author of Burning the Tables in Las Vegas and Turning the Tables in Las Vegas.

===Maverick Sharp===
Author of the 2013 Dynamic Blackjack.

===Ken Uston===
Author of Ken Uston on Blackjack and Million Dollar Blackjack..

===Lawrence Revere===
Author of Playing Blackjack as a Business.

===[Peter Griffin]===
Author of The Theory of Blackjack by Peter Griffin

===Lance Humble and Carl Cooper===
Authors of The World's Greatest Blacklack Book.

==See also==
*[[Blackjack card counting systems]]

==References==
<div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:1; column-count:1;">
<references />
</div>

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:33, 25 September 2021
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	=== Systems ===		=== Systems ===
−
−	Basic card counting assigns a positive, negative, or zero value to each card value available. When a card of that value is dealt, the count is adjusted by that card's counting value. Low cards increase the count as they increase the percentage of high cards in the remaining shoe, while high cards decrease it for the opposite reason. For instance, the Hi-Lo system subtracts one for each dealt ten, Jack, Queen, King or Ace, and adds one for any value 2-6. Values 7-9 are assigned a value of zero and therefore do not affect the count.<ref>Axelrad (2010), p. 256.</ref>
−
−	The goal of a card counting system is to assign point values that roughly correlate to a card's Effect of Removal (EOR). The EOR is the actual effect of removing a given card from play, and the resulting impact on the house advantage. The player may gauge the effect of removal for all cards dealt, and assess the current house advantage of a game based on the remaining cards. As larger ratios between point values are used to create better correlation to actual EOR with the goal of increasing the efficiency of a system, such systems use larger and larger numbers and are broken into classes such as level 1, level 2, level 3, and so on, with regards to the ratio between the highest and lowest assigned point values.
−
−	The High-Low system is considered a ''single-level'' or ''level-one'' count, because the count never increases or decreases by more than a single, predetermined value. A ''multilevel'' count, such as Zen Count or Wong Halves, makes finer distinctions between card values to gain greater play accuracy. Rather than all cards having a value of +1, 0, or −1, an advanced count might also include card ranks that are counted as +2 and −2, or +0.5. Advanced players might additionally maintain a ''side count'' (separate count) of specific cards, such as a side count Aces, to deal with situations where the best count for betting accuracy differs from the best count for playing accuracy.
−
−	The disadvantage of higher-level counts is that keeping track of more information can detract from the ability to play quickly and accurately. A card-counter might earn more money by playing a simple count quickly—more hands per hour played—than by playing a complex count slowly.

	Since the 1960’s numerous computer-based systems have been developed. The following table summarizes the values assigned to the cards in the most popular and most powerful systems. References are provided to the published books of computer analyst experts, most holding advanced degrees including the Ph.D or M.A. in mathematics or probability and statistics, who developed the systems. Only authors of reputable, published books, in which the systems have been published, as opposed to any of the hundreds of self-published commercial websites, are referenced. The card value assignments of a comprehensive list of one hundred possible systems, up to level four systems, are provided by [[Blackjack Hall of Fame]] member [[Arnold Snyder]].<ref> http://www.blackjackforumonline.com/content/hundred.htm </ref>		Since the 1960’s numerous computer-based systems have been developed. The following table summarizes the values assigned to the cards in the most popular and most powerful systems. References are provided to the published books of computer analyst experts, most holding advanced degrees including the Ph.D or M.A. in mathematics or probability and statistics, who developed the systems. Only authors of reputable, published books, in which the systems have been published, as opposed to any of the hundreds of self-published commercial websites, are referenced. The card value assignments of a comprehensive list of one hundred possible systems, up to level four systems, are provided by [[Blackjack Hall of Fame]] member [[Arnold Snyder]].<ref> http://www.blackjackforumonline.com/content/hundred.htm </ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:09, 22 May 2016
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	'''Card counting''' is one of the strategies designed to turn the casino game of [[~~Blackjack\|~~Blackjack (card game)]] into a positive result for the players. Blackjack substantially increased in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s once a strategy for beating the game was made public by Eward Thorp in the 1962 publication of Beat the Dealer..	+	'''Card counting''' is one of the strategies designed to turn the casino game of [[Blackjack (card game)\|Blackjack]] into a positive result for the players. Blackjack substantially increased in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s once a strategy for beating the game was made public by Eward Thorp in the 1962 publication of Beat the Dealer..

	As the cards are played, the remaining cards can be identified. The larger the proportion of aces, face cards, and tens remaining in the deck, the more favorable the odds are for the player. Players take advantage of this by increasing their bet sizes and altering playing strategy.		As the cards are played, the remaining cards can be identified. The larger the proportion of aces, face cards, and tens remaining in the deck, the more favorable the odds are for the player. Players take advantage of this by increasing their bet sizes and altering playing strategy.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:08, 22 May 2016
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	'''Card counting''' is one of the strategies designed to turn the casino game of [[Blackjack]] into a positive result for the players. Blackjack substantially increased in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s once a strategy for beating the game was made public by Eward Thorp in the 1962 publication of Beat the Dealer..	+	'''Card counting''' is one of the strategies designed to turn the casino game of [[Blackjack\|Blackjack (card game)]] into a positive result for the players. Blackjack substantially increased in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s once a strategy for beating the game was made public by Eward Thorp in the 1962 publication of Beat the Dealer..

	As the cards are played, the remaining cards can be identified. The larger the proportion of aces, face cards, and tens remaining in the deck, the more favorable the odds are for the player. Players take advantage of this by increasing their bet sizes and altering playing strategy.		As the cards are played, the remaining cards can be identified. The larger the proportion of aces, face cards, and tens remaining in the deck, the more favorable the odds are for the player. Players take advantage of this by increasing their bet sizes and altering playing strategy.

@@ Line 64: / Line 64: @@
 ==See also==
 *[[Blackjack card counting systems]]
 ==References==

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 ===Greg Elder===
 ===[[Les Golden]]===
-Long-time columnist for [Bluff Europe], igamingbusiness, gambling.com, Jackpots Review, and gamblingonline magazines.  Ythor of the biographical novel [Never Split Tens] and the adapted screenplay, based on the life of Edward Thorp.
+Long-time columnist for [[Bluff Europe]], igamingbusiness, gambling.com, Jackpots Review, and gamblingonline magazines.  Author of the biographical novel [[Never Split Tens]] and the adapted screenplay, based on the life of [[Edward Thorp]].  Golden was named as an International Gambling Institute Scholar (University of Nevada, Las Vegas) for 2016.
 ===Fred Renzey===
 ===Chris Statz===

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Card counting''' is one of the strategies designed to turn the casino game of [[Blackjack]] into a positive result for the players.  Blackjack substantially increased in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s once a strategy for beating the game was made public by Eward Thorp in the 1962 pulication of Beat the Dealer..
+'''Card counting''' is one of the strategies designed to turn the casino game of [[Blackjack]] into a positive result for the players.  Blackjack substantially increased in popularity in the 1960s and 1970s once a strategy for beating the game was made public by Eward Thorp in the 1962 publication of Beat the Dealer..
 As the cards are played, the remaining cards can be identified.  The larger the proportion of aces, face cards, and tens remaining in the deck, the more favorable the odds are for the player.  Players take advantage of this by increasing their bet sizes and altering playing strategy.
@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==Blackjack writers==
 ===John Bukofsky===
 ===Bryce Carlson===
 ===Daniel Dravot===
 ===Greg Elder===
-===[Les Golden]===
+===[[Les Golden]]===
 Long-time columnist for [Bluff Europe], igamingbusiness, gambling.com, Jackpots Review, and gamblingonline magazines.  Ythor of the biographical novel [Never Split Tens] and the adapted screenplay, based on the life of Edward Thorp.
 ===Fred Renzey===
 ===Chris Statz===
-===[Edward Thorp]===
+===[[Edward Thorp]]===
 A pioneering book codifying the methodology by Edward Thorp was published in 1962: ''Beat the Dealer: A Winning Strategy for the Game of Twenty-One''.<ref>Thorp, E. O.  (1966) ''Beat the Dealer: A Winning Strategy for the Game of Twenty-One'', Random House, New York</ref>
@@ Line 33: / Line 36: @@
 ===Don Schlesinger===
 Author of Blackjack Attack.
 ===Barry Meadow===
 Author of Blackjack Autumn
 ===Rick Blaine===
 Author of Blackjack Blueprint
 ===Ian Andersen===
 Author of Burning the Tables in Las Vegas and Turning the Tables in Las Vegas.
 ===Maverick Sharp===
@@ Line 52: / Line 51: @@
 ===Ken Uston===
 Author of Ken Uston on Blackjack and Million Dollar Blackjack..
 ===Lawrence Revere===
 Author of Playing Blackjack as a Business.
-===[Peter Griffin]===
+===[[Peter Griffin]]===
-Author of The Theory of Blackjack by Peter Griffin
+Author of The Theory of Blackjack.
 ===Lance Humble and Carl Cooper===
 Authors of The World's Greatest Blacklack Book.
 ==See also==